scholarly journals Comparing Social Media Observations of Animals During a Solar Eclipse to Published Research

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ritson ◽  
Dustin Ranglack ◽  
Nate Bickford
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Seasonal Cycles ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Published Research

A wide variety of environmental stimuli can influence the behavior of animals including temperature, weather, light, lunar and seasonal cycles, seismic activity, as well as other perturbations to their circadian rhythm. Solar eclipses offer a unique opportunity to evaluate the relative influence of unexpected darkness on behavior of animals due to their sudden interference with local light levels and meteorology. Though occasionally bizarre, modern studies have lent support to the idea that at least some individuals of certain species display altered behavior during these events. A comparison of informal observations of animal behavior during solar eclipse from social media (i.e., March for Science Facebook discussion) to those conducted scientifically (published literature) can elucidate how well this topic is being covered. Describing which species and behaviors are covered in each source can reveal gaps in the literature which can emphasize areas for future research. We enumerated a total of 685 observations of approximately 48 different types of animals reacting to the 2017 Great American Solar Eclipse from over 800 posts on the discussion. The animals most frequently reported on social media as reacting to the eclipse were invertebrates (40% of social media observations) and birds (35% of social media observations). A total of 26 published studies recorded 169 behavior observations of approximately 131 different animal species. The group with the highest number of observations in the literature were birds with 62 records (37% of literature observations). Most observations reported decreases in activity (38.7% of bird observations) followed by increases in vocalization (24.2% of bird observations). There were approximately 30 different species of invertebrate observed (24% of literature observations), most frequently reported of which were zooplankton (14.6% of invertebrate observations).

A review of the effects of different marking and tagging techniques on marine mammals

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen A. Walker ◽  
Andrew W. Trites ◽  
Martin Haulena ◽  
Daniel M. Weary
Keyword(s):  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Radio Transmitters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Research

Wildlife research often requires marking and tagging animals to collect data on survival, reproduction, movement, behaviour and physiology. Identification of individual marine mammals can be carried out using tags, brands, paint, dye, photogrammetry, telemetry and other techniques. An analysis of peer-reviewed articles published from January 1980 to April 2011 addressing the effects of marking revealed a preponderance of studies focussed on short-term effects such as injuries and behavioural changes. Some marking techniques were reported to cause pain and to change swimming and haul-out behaviour, maternal attendance, and duration of foraging trips. However, marking has typically not been found to affect survival. No published research has addressed other possible long-term effects of marking related to injuries or pain responses. Studies of the more immediate effects of marking (mostly related to externally attached devices such as radio-transmitters) have shown a variety of different types and magnitudes of responses. It is important to note that studies failing to find treament differences are less likely to be published, meaning that the present and any other reviews based on published literature may be a biased sample of all research conducted on the topic. Publishing results that found no or low impacts (i.e. best practices) as well as those that found significant impacts on animals should both be encouraged. Future research under more controlled conditions is required to document acute effects of marking, including injury and pain, and to better understand longer-term effects on health, reproduction and survival. We recommend that studies using marked animals standardise their reports, with added detail on methodology, monitoring and sampling design, and address practices used to minimise the impact of marking on marine mammals.

scholarly journals “Let Me Take a Selfie”: Reviewing the Implications of Social Media for Public Perceptions of Wild Animals

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lenzi ◽  
Siobhan Speiran ◽  
Chiara Grasso
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
The Impact

Social media has become a powerful tool for spreading information and awareness campaigns on environmental issues, especially as they pertain to the conservation of wild animals. It is a double-edged sword, however, since it also facilitates the legal and illegal trade of wild animal species as well as the propagation of ‘wild animal selfies.’ This review presents some key literature to date which concerns the impact of social media on public perceptions of animals (such as through ‘viral’ videos), changing trends in animal encounters at wildlife tourism destinations, and the wildlife trade as it is facilitated by social media. Finally, avenues for future research are suggested with urgency, since the impact of social media on the welfare and conservation of wild animal species is most likely underestimated yet bears serious consequences.

scholarly journals Animal models of amblyopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
DONALD MITCHELL ◽  
FRANK SENGPIEL
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Interventions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
The Many ◽  
Degree Of Similarity ◽  
Important Purpose

AbstractUnquestionably, the last six decades of research on various animal models have advanced our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the many complex characteristics of amblyopia as well as provided promising new avenues for treatment. While animal models in general have served an important purpose, there nonetheless remain questions regarding the efficacy of particular models considering the differences across animal species, especially when the goal is to provide the foundations for human interventions. Our discussion of these issues culminated in three recommendations for future research to provide cohesion across animals models as well as a fourth recommendation for acceptance of a protocol for the minimum number of steps necessary for the translation of results obtained on particular animal models to human clinical trials. The three recommendations for future research arose from discussions of various issues including the specific results obtained from the use of different animal models, the degree of similarity to the human visual system, the ability to generate animal models of the different types of human amblyopia as well as the difficulty of scaling developmental timelines between different species.

Facebook usage in a local government

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Bellström ◽  
Monika Magnusson ◽  
John Sören Pettersson ◽  
Claes Thorén
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
User Participation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Category ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types

Purpose To fully grasp the potential of using social media, one must know what governments and citizens are communicating in these media. Despite much statistics published, there is a dearth of research analyzing information content in detail. The purpose of this paper is to identify the kind of information exchange that occurs between a local government and its constituent citizens using social media. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents a qualitative single case study of the Facebook presence of the municipality and city of Karlstad, Sweden, one of the most prominent local governments on Facebook in the country. Facebook page data were collected between May 2015 and July 2015. A content analysis was performed on the data to explore new and existing categories that drive the analysis. Findings The paper identifies 11 content categories for municipality posts and 13 content categories for user posts (citizen or organization). The frequency for each content category reveals that the page owner is first of all using its Facebook page to promote different happenings in the municipality while the page user is asking questions to the municipality or other users. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to one municipality, but achieves analytical generalizability in its findings. In other words, the categories and mode of communication are a finding in and of itself that in future research may be validated in terms of commonality on a national scale. Practical implications Management concerns about opening up a municipality Facebook page for user posting may be exaggerated: positive posts are as common as complaints. If an organization wants to use the Facebook page for increased user participation and collaboration, it seems that users, both citizens and organizations, welcome such opportunities. However, such posts are not likely to receive many comments or shares from other users. Originality/value The paper is one of the first that uses content analysis to categorize both page owner posts and user posts on a local government Facebook page. The content categories identified in the paper provide novel and detailed insights on what types of information exchange occur on social media between a local government and citizens but also highlight the need to distinguish organizations from citizens among the visitors to the government Facebook page. Different types of user will post different types of content. The identified content categories can serve as a basis for future empirical research within e-government research.

scholarly journals Understanding Users Attitude to Social Endorsement Advertising of Embarrassing Product

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Chien Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Behavior ◽  
User Attitudes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Social Media Advertising ◽  
Social Endorsement ◽  
Marketing Tool ◽  
Social Advertising

Users on social media have increased rapidly in recent years, social media advertising has become a popular marketing tool for companies to promote their products. A feature of social media advertising is that marketers can use customers' online behavior to create customized advertisements, which are also known as targeting ads. In this study, we conducted experimental testing 2 (advertising type) X2 (product type) to see if increased knowledge of social advertising would influence users' attitudes towards ads. We separated two different types of advertising on Facebook, namely remarketing and social support, and two different types of products, which advertised general products and ads about embarrassing products. The results of this study are that the increase in advertising knowledge is able to (1) affect the perceived value of advertisements from different types of products and (2) different types of advertisements do not affect user attitudes towards advertisements. For future research, we recommend focusing primarily on the demographic and environmental variables of digital advertising users about embarrassing products.

scholarly journals Organizational and Corporate Identity on Social Media: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Stefano Di Lauro ◽  
Aizhan Tursunbayeva ◽  
Gilda Antonelli ◽  
Marcello Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Corporate Identity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Published Research

Social media have created a multitude of ways for organizations to develop and disseminate their corporate and organizational identity. However, little is still known about how identity can be observed on social media. To address this research gap, we conducted a scoping review that collected, analyzed and synthesized the corpus of published research on organizational and corporate identity and social media. The analysis presented in this paper provides a description of the state-of-the-art on this topic that we hope can help future scholars to understand the various methodological approaches and types of data most pertinent to the exploration of organizational and corporate identity on social media, even though, overall, it reveals that there are relatively few studies with a reliable and universal method for measuring these concepts. This guarantees that future research will be necessary. Practitioners may also wish to draw on our findings to design more tailored ways of strengthening their organizational and corporate identity.

scholarly journals $#*! Sociologists Say: e-Public Sociology on Twitter

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-99
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Public Sociology ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Social Media Site ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Published Research

This paper explores how individuals who self-identify on Twitter as sociologists holding teaching posts at institutions of higher education use the popular micro-blogging social media site. A total of 152,977 tweets from profiles of 130 sociologists were collected and examined using qualitative media analysis. What emerged from these data was an empirical case for an expanded conceptualization of Burawoy’s vision of public sociology. Building upon published research (Schneider and Simonetto 2016), the purpose of this conceptually informed paper is to further empirically develop e-public sociology – a form of public sociology that emerges through use of social media whereby the sociologist can simultaneously be the generator and interlocutor of dialogue with multiple publics. Suggestions for future research are noted.

Strategizing with organizational videoblogs: sensegiving, self-branding or spectacle?

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaela Krohn
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Media Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scant Attention

Purpose Despite the increased interest in video methods and the role of visuality in organizations and management, the use of video in organizations has received scant attention. The purpose of this paper is to explore organizational videoblogs as a phenomenon, and discuss avenues that open up for qualitative research. The paper examines the affordances of organizational videoblogs in a strategy context by contrasting them with more conventional corporate videos, in order to discuss how spectacularization and social media style communication is influencing social practices in organizations. Design/methodology/approach First, this paper introduces the phenomenon of organizational videoblogging and its implications for research. Second, it engages in a theoretical discussion on videoblogs as a strategizing activity, through three different analytical lenses: strategic sensegiving, strategic self-branding and strategy as spectacle. Illustrative empirical examples are used to support the theoretical discussion. Findings The paper argues that organizational videoblogging is a phenomenon that changes social practices in organizations by injecting a visual, social media type communication. Organizational videoblogs emphasize authenticity and provide new affordances for sensegiving and self-branding in strategizing, but ultimately lead us to ask whether they risk turning strategizing into an infotainment-like spectacle. Originality/value The value of this paper lies in conceptualizing how and why organizational videoblogs can be studied in organizations. The paper provides future research with vocabulary and characteristics to distinguish different types of video in organizations.

scholarly journals The role of social media marketing in consumer behaviour

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 04022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayabek Ziyadin ◽  
Raigul Doszhan ◽  
Alex Borodin ◽  
Aizhan Omarova ◽  
Aigerim Ilyas
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mobile Environments ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Consumer Experience ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Research

This article looks at recently published research on social media consumers. Five topics are highlighted: consumer digital culture, responses to digital advertising, the impact of social media on consumer behavior, mobile environments, and online rumors (WOM). The articles examines how consumers experience, are influenced and are influenced by the digital environment they are in as part of their daily lives. Much remains to be understood, and existing knowledge tends to focus disproportionately on WOM, which is only part of the digital consumer experience. Several avenues for future research have been proposed to encourage researchers to consider a wider range of phenomena.

Change of Attitude, Technology and Practice: Identifying the Change for Increased Value Creation with Customer Co-creation

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-82
Author(s):  
Soumi Paul ◽  
Paola Peretti ◽  
Saroj Kumar Datta
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Customer Relationships ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Competencies ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Prime Concern

Building customer relationships and customer equity is the prime concern in today’s business decisions. The emergence of internet, especially social media like Facebook and Twitter, changed traditional marketing thought to a great extent. The importance of customer orientation is reflected in the axiom, “The customer is the king”. A good number of organizations are engaging customers in their new product development activities via social media platforms. Co-creation, a new perspective in which customers are active co-creators of the products they buy and use, is currently challenging the traditional paradigm. The concept of co-creation involving the customer’s knowledge, creativity and judgment to generate value is considered not only an upcoming trend that introduces new products or services but also fitting their need and increasing value for money. Knowledge and innovation are inseparable. Knowledge management competencies and capacities are essential to any organization that aspires to be distinguished and innovative. The present work is an attempt to identify the change in value creation procedure along with one area of business, where co-creation can return significant dividends. It is on extending the brand or brand category through brand extension or line extension. This article, through an in depth literature review analysis, identifies the changes in every perspective of this paradigm shift and it presents a conceptual model of company-customer-brand-based co-creation activity via social media. The main objective is offering an agenda for future research of this emerging trend and ensuring the way to move from theory to practice. The paper acts as a proposal; it allows the organization to go for this change in a large scale and obtain early feedback on the idea presented. 

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