scholarly journals Dietary Lecithin Decreases Skeletal Muscle COL1A1 and COL3A1 Gene Expression in Finisher Gilts

Animals ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henny Akit ◽  
Cherie Collins ◽  
Fahri Fahri ◽  
Alex Hung ◽  
Daryl D’Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Col3a1 Gene

Gene expression of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle from insulin-resistant patients with obesity, IGT, GDM, and NIDDM

Diabetes ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. T. Garvey ◽  
L. Maianu ◽  
J. A. Hancock ◽  
A. M. Golichowski ◽  
A. Baron
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Resistant

PPAR-gamma gene expression is elevated in skeletal muscle of obese and type II diabetic subjects

Diabetes ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1230-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Park ◽  
T. P. Ciaraldi ◽  
L. Abrams-Carter ◽  
S. Mudaliar ◽  
S. E. Nikoulina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Ppar Gamma ◽  
Type Ii

Retinoic Acid Receptor Agonists Suppress Muscle Fatty Infiltration in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-339
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Shirasawa ◽  
Noboru Matsumura ◽  
Masaki Yoda ◽  
Kazumasa Okubo ◽  
Masayuki Shimoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Rotator Cuff Tear ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Retinoic Acid Receptor ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Cuff Tear

Background: The infiltration of fat tissue into skeletal muscle, a condition referred to as muscle fatty infiltration or fatty degeneration, is regarded as an irreversible event that significantly compromises the motor function of skeletal muscle. Purpose: To investigate the effect of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) agonists in suppressing the adipogenic differentiation of fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs) in vitro and fatty infiltration after rotator cuff tear in mice. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: FAPs isolated from mouse skeletal muscle were cultured in adipogenic differentiation medium in the presence or absence of an RAR agonist. At the end of cell culture, adipogenic differentiation was evaluated by gene expression analysis and oil red O staining. A mouse model of fatty infiltration—which includes the resection of the rotator cuff, removal of the humeral head, and denervation the supraspinatus muscle—was used to induce fatty infiltration in the supraspinatus muscle. The mice were orally or intramuscularly administered with an RAR agonist after the surgery. Muscle fatty infiltration was evaluated by histology and gene expression analysis. Results: RAR agonists effectively inhibited the adipogenic differentiation of FAPs in vitro. Oral and intramuscular administration of RAR agonists suppressed the development of muscle fatty infiltration in the mice after rotator cuff tear. In accordance, we found a significant decrease in the number of intramuscular fat cells and suppressed expression in adipogenic markers. RAR agonists also increased the expression of the transcripts for collagens; however, an accumulation of collagenous tissues was not histologically evident in the present model. Conclusion: Muscle fatty infiltration can be alleviated by RAR agonists through suppressing the adipogenic differentiation of FAPs. The results also suggest that RAR agonists are potential therapeutic agents for treating patients who are at risk of developing muscle fatty infiltration. The consequence of the increased expression of collagen transcripts by RAR agonists needs to be clarified. Clinical Relevance: RAR agonists can be used to prevent the development of muscle fatty infiltration after rotator cuff tear. Nevertheless, further studies are mandatory in a large animal model to examine the safety and efficacy of intramuscular injection of RAR agonists.

scholarly journals Optimizations for identifying reference genes in bone and cartilage bioengineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Xiong ◽  
Xiangyun Cheng ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Roland Manfred Klar ◽  
Tao He
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Reference Gene ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Reference Genes ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Cartilage

Abstract Background Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) remains one of the best-established techniques to assess gene expression patterns. However, appropriate reference gene(s) selection remains a critical and challenging subject in which inappropriate reference gene selction can distort results leading to false interpretations. To date, mixed opinions still exist in how to choose the most optimal reference gene sets in accodrance to the Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments (MIQE) guideline. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate which schemes were the most feasible for the identification of reference genes in a bone and cartilage bioengineering experimental setting. In this study, rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs), skeletal muscle tissue and adipose tissue were utilized, undergoing either chondrogenic or osteogenic induction, to investigate the optimal reference gene set identification scheme that would subsequently ensure stable and accurate interpretation of gene expression in bone and cartilage bioengineering. Results The stability and pairwise variance of eight candidate reference genes were analyzed using geNorm. The V0.15- vs. Vmin-based normalization scheme in rBMSCs had no significant effect on the eventual normalization of target genes. In terms of the muscle tissue, the results of the correlation of NF values between the V0.15 and Vmin schemes and the variance of target genes expression levels generated by these two schemes showed that different schemes do indeed have a significant effect on the eventual normalization of target genes. Three selection schemes were adopted in terms of the adipose tissue, including the three optimal reference genes (Opt3), V0.20 and Vmin schemes, and the analysis of NF values with eventual normalization of target genes showed that the different selection schemes also have a significant effect on the eventual normalization of target genes. Conclusions Based on these results, the proposed cut-off value of Vn/n + 1 under 0.15, according to the geNorm algorithm, should be considered with caution. For cell only experiments, at least rBMSCs, a Vn/n + 1 under 0.15 is sufficient in RT-qPCR studies. However, when using certain tissue types such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue the minimum Vn/n + 1 should be used instead as this provides a far superior mode of generating accurate gene expression results. We thus recommended that when the stability and variation of a candidate reference genes in a specific study is unclear the minimum Vn/n + 1 should always be used as this ensures the best and most accurate gene expression value is achieved during RT-qPCR assays.

scholarly journals Regulation of nuclear and mitochondrial gene expression by contractile activity in skeletal muscle.

1986 ◽  
Vol 261 (1) ◽  
pp. 376-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
R S Williams ◽  
S Salmons ◽  
E A Newsholme ◽  
R E Kaufman ◽  
J Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene Expression

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Differentially Expressed mRNA Related to Pigeon Muscle Development

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2311
Author(s):  
Hao Ding ◽  
Yueyue Lin ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Lan Chen ◽  
Genxi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Gene Expression And Regulation

The mechanisms behind the gene expression and regulation that modulate the development and growth of pigeon skeletal muscle remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed gene expression analysis on skeletal muscle samples at different developmental and growth stages using RNA sequencing (RNA−Seq). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using edgeR software. Weighted gene co−expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify the gene modules related to the growth and development of pigeon skeletal muscle based on DEGs. A total of 11,311 DEGs were identified. WGCNA aggregated 11,311 DEGs into 12 modules. Black and brown modules were significantly correlated with the 1st and 10th day of skeletal muscle growth, while turquoise and cyan modules were significantly correlated with the 8th and 13th days of skeletal muscle embryonic development. Four mRNA−mRNA regulatory networks corresponding to the four significant modules were constructed and visualised using Cytoscape software. Twenty candidate mRNAs were identified based on their connectivity degrees in the networks, including Abca8b, TCONS−00004461, VWF, OGDH, TGIF1, DKK3, Gfpt1 and RFC5, etc. A KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that many pathways were related to the growth and development of pigeon skeletal muscle, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, FAK, and thyroid hormone pathways. Five differentially expressed genes (LAST2, MYPN, DKK3, B4GALT6 and OGDH) in the network were selected, and their expression patterns were quantified by qRT−PCR. The results were consistent with our sequencing results. These findings could enhance our understanding of the gene expression and regulation in the development and growth of pigeon muscle.

scholarly journals Impact of Adenosine A2 Receptor Ligands on BCL2 Expression in Skeletal Muscle Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2272
Author(s):  
Mansour Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adenosine Receptors ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
A2a Receptor ◽  
Adenosine A2a ◽  
Bcl2 Expression ◽  
Bcl2 Gene

Background: Adenosine plays the role of regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis in various kinds of cells through the B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) pathway. Objectives: Since anti-apoptotic (BCL2) expression plays a role in controlling apoptosis in some cell lines, this study was designed to investigate whether adenosine analogue, NECA (non-selective adenosine receptors agonist), selective adenosine A2B receptor antagonist, PSB 603, and a selective adenosine A2A receptor agonist, CG21680, affect BCL2-gene expression in the skeletal muscle cells of rats. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that CG21680 treatment would significantly intensify BCL2 gene expression in rat skeletal muscle. Methods: Flasks measuring 25 cm2 were employed in culturing the rat L6 skeletal muscle cells. After treating these differential cells, the relative mRNA expression level for the BCL2 gene, at varying conditions of treatment, was measured using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: From the qRT-PCR analysis results, it was concluded that BCL2 expression was markedly amplified after selective adenosine A2A receptor agonist, CGS21680 (p < 0.01) treatment. More prospective validation for the adenosine receptors’ contribution in modulating apoptosis by NECA was delivered by the outcomes from the combined pre-treatment of the cells with NECA and PSB 603. These outcomes show that when starved skeletal muscle cells are treated with a combination of NECA and 100 nM PSB 603, there was a substantial decrease in comparison to either treatment used on its own. Conclusions: This study’s results showed, for the first time, an increase in BCL2 gene expression within skeletal muscle after CGS21680 treatment. Hence, the prospective escalation in BCL2 protein expression might have a protective role to play against apoptosis and avert damage to the skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Single-nucleus RNA-seq and FISH identify coordinated transcriptional activity in mammalian myofibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Dos Santos ◽  
Stéphanie Backer ◽  
Benjamin Saintpierre ◽  
Brigitte Izac ◽  
Muriel Andrieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Neuromuscular Junction ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Hybrid Fibers ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Single Nucleus

Abstract Skeletal muscle fibers are large syncytia but it is currently unknown whether gene expression is coordinately regulated in their numerous nuclei. Here we show by snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq that slow, fast, myotendinous and neuromuscular junction myonuclei each have different transcriptional programs, associated with distinct chromatin states and combinations of transcription factors. In adult mice, identified myofiber types predominantly express either a slow or one of the three fast isoforms of Myosin heavy chain (MYH) proteins, while a small number of hybrid fibers can express more than one MYH. By snRNA-seq and FISH, we show that the majority of myonuclei within a myofiber are synchronized, coordinately expressing only one fast Myh isoform with a preferential panel of muscle-specific genes. Importantly, this coordination of expression occurs early during post-natal development and depends on innervation. These findings highlight a previously undefined mechanism of coordination of gene expression in a syncytium.

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