scholarly journals Effect of Cellulase Enzyme Produced from Penicilliumchrysogenum on the Milk Production, Composition, Amino Acid, and Fatty Acid Profiles of Egyptian Buffaloes Fed a High-Forage Diet

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3066
Author(s):  
Hossam H. Azzaz ◽  
Ahmed M. Abd El Tawab ◽  
Mostafa S. A. Khattab ◽  
Małgorzata Szumacher-Strabel ◽  
Adam Cieślak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Cellulase Enzymes ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme ◽  
Lactating Buffaloes

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of supplementing a cellulase enzymes cocktail to lactating buffaloes’ diet, on the nutrient intake, nutrient digestibility, and milk production performance and composition. Twenty-four lactating Egyptian buffaloes were assigned into one of the following treatments: CON—control consisted of a total mixed ration, CENZ—the total mixed ration supplemented by a commercial source of cellulase enzyme, FENZ—the total mixed ration supplemented with cellulase enzyme cocktail produced in-farm. Supplementing the diet with the in-farm source of cellulase (FENZ) had a significantly higher impact on crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber digestibility. However, FENZ tended to increase the EE digestibility compared to CENZ. FENZ showed significantly higher nutrient digestibility percentages compared to other groups. Supplementing the diet with cellulase enzymes (CON vs. ENZ) significantly increased the daily milk yield and the fat correct milk yield; both yields were significantly higher with FENZ than all groups. Oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid concentration were significantly higher with cellulase enzymes supplementation (CON vs. ENZ) and the conjugated linoleic acid concentration. Supplementing fungal cellulase enzyme produced on a farm-scale has improved milk productivity, fat yield, and milk fat unsaturated fatty acids profile in lactating buffaloes.

scholarly journals Replacement of raw soybean with roasted soybean increased milk production in Holstein cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilson Sebastião Dias Júnior ◽  
Vítor Augusto Silveira ◽  
Ivan Júnior Ascari ◽  
Renata Apocalypse Nogueira Pereira ◽  
Marina de Arruda Camargo Danés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Improved Performance

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of total replacement of raw whole soybean (RAW) for roastedwhole soybean (ROS) on the production performance of Holstein cows. Two experiments were carried out usinga simple reversal design where RAW has been completely replaced by ROS. In experiment 1, 22 cows (175±60 days in milk)were used, and the dietary inclusion level of RAW or ROS was 3.7% of dry matter (DM). In experiment 2, 16 cows (130±50 days in milk)were used, and thedietary inclusion level of RAW or ROS was 11% of DM. In both experiments, ROS increased milk production by 1.1kgday-1 without changing fat and protein production. Dry matter intake or milk urea nitrogenwere not affected by dietary soy source. In experiment 2, plasma glucose concentration was decreased, and allantoin/creatinine ratio in urine tended to decreasein ROS. Experiment 2 also evaluated the nutrient digestibility and ruminal degradation kinetics of crude protein in two soybean sources. Roasting had no effect on the digestibility of DM, organic matter, and neutral detergent fiber. Roasted whole soybean hadgreater fraction B and lower protein degradation rate than did RAW; this showed that heat treatment was effective in increasing therumen undegradable amino acid flowto the animal, which suggesteda potential mechanism of action for improved performance observed in ROS.

scholarly journals Evaluation of feeding supply and forage cactus processing for lactation cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2744-2752
Author(s):  
Márcio da Silva Vilela ◽  
Marcelo de Andrade Ferreira ◽  
Marcílio de Azevedo ◽  
Iderval Farias ◽  
Luiz Carlos Leal Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Milk Urea

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the manner in which diet is supplied and spineless cactus forage is processed on intake, nutrient digestibility, milk production and composition, concentration of plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) in the milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and production of microbial protein in Holstein cows in lactation. Eight cows (453 ± 75.8 kg) yielding 14 kg milk/day were allotted to a factorial design, with two manners of cactus processing (knife-chopped or forage machine) and two diet supplies (separate concentrate or total mixed ration). Intakes of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber and total digestible nutrients were lower when cactus was knife-chopped. Digestibility, milk production and fat and protein yield did not change according to the manner diet was supplied neither by forage cactus processing. Average milk production was 14.8 kg/day for knife-chopped cactus and 14.6 kg/day for cactus chopped in forage machine and 14.8 kg/day when cactus was given in separate concentrate and 14.5 kg/day when it was given in total mixed ration. However, fat content was lower (36 g/kg) for knife-chopped cactus fed cows. Purine derivatives and concentrations of N-ureic were not influenced by the manner in which diet was supplied neither by the forage cactus processing. Means observed for efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (98.9 g/kg TDN), PUN concentrations (21.3 mg/dL) and MUN (18.2 mg/dL) were similar for cactus processing and for the manner in which diet was supplied. Forage-machine cactus processing improves dry matter intake and total mixed ration supply avoids selectivity.

scholarly journals Influence of reproductive qualities on dairy productivity of cows of the Simmental breed

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Maria Grinchuk ◽  
Yulia Nesterova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Levels

The aim of work is to explore influence of first fruitful insemination, service period and dry period to dairy productivity of Simmental cows. The research is aimed at studying the milk production of Simmental cows with different levels of reproductive qualities. The result of the research, a relation was established between the age of the first fruitful insemination, the duration of the service period, the duration of the dry period and milk production performance. It has been established that the age of the first fruitful insemination at 18-24 months has the most beneficial effect on subsequent milk production. The service period of 90-120 days has a positive effect to an increase in milk yield per 305 days of lactation, the longer service period negatively affects to the mass fraction of fat. With an increase in the duration of the dry period, the mass fraction of fat increases, but milk yield decreases. The influence of reproductive qualities to the milk protein is negligible. It was revealed that the age of the first insemination at 18-24 months is the most profitable for production. According to the results of the research, it can be judged that reproductive qualities, in combination with other factors, affect the milk productivity of Simmental cows.

Genetic Polymorphism in Prolactin Gene and its Effect on Test Day Milk Production Traits in Sahiwal Cattle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Karuthadurai ◽  
A.K. Chakravarty ◽  
A. Kumaresan ◽  
D.N. Das ◽  
A. Sakthivel Selvan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Prolactin Gene ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Sahiwal Cattle ◽  
Fat Yield

Background: The selection of genetically superior animals at an early stage of life, the molecular markers are used along with traditional selection. The study was carried out to identify the genetic polymorphism in the exon3 region of the Prolactin and enumerate its effect on milk production performance in Sahiwal cattle. Prolactin plays an imperative regulatory role in mammary gland development, milk emission and lactogenesis. Analysed the sequence of this gene to explore whether mutations in this sequence and it could be accountable for quantitative variations in milk production and its composition traits.Methods: Total DNA was isolated from the blood samples of 98 pedigreed Sahiwal population. Using PCR-RFLP method and direct sequencing, noticed a single-nucleotide polymorphism in exon3 region of the Prolactin gene in 156bp and also the effect of non- genetic factors on each trait was assessed by least-squares analysis for non-orthogonal data by a fixed model.Result: PCR-RFLP was done with RsaI restriction endonuclease for the identification of different genotypes. The frequency of G and A alleles of the Prolactin gene was evaluated as 0.575 and 0.425, whereas the frequencies of GG, GA and AA genotypes for the Prolactin gene were 0.45, 0.25 and 0.30, respectively. SNP (G55A) conferred an increase in test-day milk yield around 321.5g, in test day fat yield around 13.9g and in test day SNF yield increase was 19.4g, respectively. High correlation was perceived from test day (TD2) onwards between test day traits and lactation milk yield indicating that selection based on identified SNP in TD2 increased test day milk yield, fat yield and SNF yield by 1.1472 kg, 29.6gm and 45.4gm, respectively.

Effect of administration of rumen fungi on production performance of lactating buffaloes

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Saxena ◽  
J. Sehgal ◽  
A. Puniya ◽  
K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Group I ◽  
Lactating Buffaloes ◽  
Group Ii

Anaerobic fungi were orally dosed to lactating buffaloes to study their effect on the digestibility of a diet (composed of 50% wheat straw and 50% concentrate along with six kg maize green/animal/day), rumen fermentation patterns and milk production. Group I (control) was administered with fungus-free anaerobic broth, while group II and III were administered with Orpinomyces sp. C-14 or Piromyces sp. WNG-12 (250 ml; 3-5 days of growth/animal/ week), respectively. Milk production was higher in group II and III (8.42 and 8.48 kg/d) than in the control (8.03 kg/d) with virtually the same feed intake (i.e. 11.50 and 10.62 and 11.79 kg, respectively). There was an increase of 6% fat-corrected milk yield/animal/day in group II and III, respectively compared to the control. The milk fat was higher in the fungal culture administered groups than in the control group. The digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, cellulose and digestible energy also increased significantly in group II and III. The pH and ammonia nitrogen were lower, whereas total volatile fatty acids, total nitrogen, trichloroacid precipitable nitrogen and number of zoospores/ml of rumen liquor were higher in group II and III when compared to the control. Hence, it can be stated that rumen fungi can be used as a direct-fed microbial in lactating buffaloes, to enhance the digestibility of wheat straw based diets leading to higher production.

scholarly journals Effects of feeding ground versus pelleted total mixed ration on digestion, rumen function and milk production performance of dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongzhen Zhong ◽  
Chengzhen Zhao ◽  
Piao Feng ◽  
Yitong Wang ◽  
Xueli Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Feeding Ground

Production characteristics of the Jamaica Hope breed of dairy cattle

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Wellington ◽  
P. Mahadevan ◽  
K. L. Roache
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Tropical Environment ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Production Characteristics

SUMMARYThis study is the first comprehensive estimation of breed parameters for the Jamaica Hope breed of dairy cattle. It has shown that the breed has considerable potential for milk production undser good husbendry in a tropical environment. Improvements in reproductive performance may be achieved, without prejudice to production performance, by using milk yield per day of calving interval (which has a moderatoly high repestability) as a criterion for selection.

scholarly journals Effect of Varying Dietary Crude Protein Level on Feed Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Milk Production, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency by Lactating Holstein-Friesian Cows

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2439
Author(s):  
Constantine Bakyusa Katongole ◽  
Tianhai Yan
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Friesian Cows

The effect of dietary crude protein (CP) level on intake, digestibility, milk production, and nitrogen (N) use efficiency was studied. Twenty-four Holstein-Friesian cows (17 multiparous and seven primiparous) were grouped by parity, days in milk, milk yield, and live weight into six blocks of four, and randomly assigned to four total mixed ration (TMR) treatments, containing 141, 151, 177, or 210 g CP/kg dry matter (DM), over 28 day experimental periods. Apparent total-tract DM and fiber digestibilities and milk fat composition were similar across treatments. Milk protein and urea-N compositions, and urinary and manure N excretion increased linearly, while milk N efficiency (MNE) decreased linearly with increasing CP. DM intake was highest with the 177 diet, while CP intake increased linearly with increasing CP, peaking at 200 g/kg DM. Milk yield increased with CP intake for the three lower CP levels, peaking at 176 g CP/kg DM. The further increase in CP level from 177 to 210 g/kg DM did not result in improved milk yield, but resulted in decreased milk N secretion and increased urinary N excretion. In summary, milk protein composition increased linearly with increasing CP, accompanied by a linear decrease in MNE, resulting in a bell-shaped relationship between milk yield and dietary CP level.

scholarly journals Replacing Soybean Meal with Sesame Meal in the Diets of Lactating Awassi Ewes Suckling Single Lambs: Nutrient Digestibility, Milk Production, and Lamb Growth

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belal S. Obeidat ◽  
Rami T. Kridli ◽  
Kamel Z. Mahmoud ◽  
Mohammed D. Obeidat ◽  
Serhan G. Haddad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
N Balance ◽  
Sesame Meal ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Diet Cost ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Lamb Growth

Two experiments were conducted to assess the influence of sesame meal (SM) feeding on nutrient digestibility, N balance, milk production and composition, ewes’ body weight change, and growth performance of lambs. In experiment 1, 18 ewe lambs were randomly distributed into three diets to evaluate the effects of soybean meal replacement with SM on nutrient intake, digestibility, and N balance. Treatments were no SM (SM0), 7.5% SM (SM7.5), or 15% SM (SM15) of the dietary dry matter (DM). Aside from intake and digestibility of ether extract (EE), which was greater in the SM-containing diets compared with SM0, intake and digestibility of the remaining nutrients was similar among dietary treatments. In experiment 2, 30 ewes suckling single lambs were randomly assigned to the same diets used in experiment 1. Intakes of DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were unaffected by treatment. Milk yield was greater in SM diets than in the SM0 diet. Cost/kg of milk production decreased while feed efficiency improved in the SM-diets compared to the SM0 diet. In conclusion, results of the current studies demonstrate the possibility of replacing soybean meal with sesame meal in diets of lactating Awassi ewes.

scholarly journals Feeding effect of total mixed ration on milk yield, nutrient intake, digestibility and rumen environment in Red Chittagong Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Nathu Ram Sarker ◽  
Dilruba Yeasmin ◽  
Md Ahsan Habib ◽  
Farah Tabassum
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
T1 And T2

Efficient utilization of crop residues is an alternative way to overcome feed shortage for livestock feeding. Hence, an experiment was conducted to determine the effect on nutrient intake, milk yield, nutrient digestibility and rumen parameters of total mixed ration (TMR) as mash or block form in comparison to conventional feeding system for a period of 45 days. Accoding to CRD 18 RCC early milking cows (Bos indicus) having average daily milk yield of 3.20±0.14 L/d and divided into three treatment groups. Existing feeding practice at the farm was considered as control group (T0) fed Napier-3 adlib. and concentrate mixture. In another two groups, animals fed TMR, where one fed as block (T1) and another as mash form (T2) with the same roughage and concentrate combination (50:50). All diets contained 16% CP. To determine digestibility of supplied feed, a digestibility trial at the middle of the feeding trial was conducted and also to study the rumen environment (pH, TVFA, NH3-N), rumen liquors were collected at post feeding intervals of 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36h. Study revealed that fresh feed intakes were significantly (p<0.001) higher in T0. DMI and CPI were significantly (p<0.001) higher in T1 group. Significantly (p<0.05) highest milk yields were obtained in T1 (3.6 l/d) and T2 (3.49 l/d) and lowest in T0 (3.35l/d). Milk fat (p<0.001) and SNF (p<0.05) were significantly higher T1 and T2. Except ADF, digestibility for most of the nutrient was significantly higher in T1 and T2 than T0. Total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) were significantly (p<0.01) higher in T1 and T2 groups than that of T0 group. Finally, it may be concluded that TMR, either in block or mash form gives better results in terms of milk yield, milk composition, digestibility and concentration of TVFA and NH3-N. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2019, 5(1): 71-77

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