scholarly journals Dietary Yeast Cell Wall Improves Growth Performance and Prevents of Diarrhea of Weaned Pigs by Enhancing Gut Health and Anti-Inflammatory Immune Responses

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2269
Author(s):  
Jeong Jae Lee ◽  
Hyunjin Kyoung ◽  
Jin Ho Cho ◽  
Jeehwan Choe ◽  
Younghoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Yeast Cell Wall ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Tnf Α

Dietary yeast cell wall products (YCW) are recognized as a feed additive due to multifunctional benefits by the biological response modulators. Thus, this study was conducted to verify a potential advantage of YCW for improving growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune responses, and intestinal health and microbiota of weaned pigs. A total of 112 weaned pigs (7.99 ± 1.10 kg of body weight; 28 days old) were arbitrarily allocated to two experimental treatments with eight pigs (four barrows and four gilts) per pen and seven replicate pens per treatment in a completely randomized block design (block = BW and sex): (1) a basal diet based on corn and soybean meal (CON) and (2) CON + 0.05% YCW. The experimental period was for 4 weeks. There were no differences in final body weight, average daily feed intake, and gain-to-feed ratio between dietary treatments. In contrast, pigs fed YCW had higher average daily gain (p = 0.088) and apparent ileal digestibility of DM (p < 0.05) and energy (p = 0.052) and lower diarrhea frequency (p = 0.083) than those fed control diet (CON). Pigs fed YCW also had a higher (p < 0.05) ratio between villus height and crypt depth, villus width and area, and goblet cell counts in the duodenum and/or jejunum than those fed CON. Dietary YCW decreased (p < 0.05) serum TNF-α and IL–1β of weaned pigs on day 7 and 14, respectively, compared with CON. Furthermore, pigs fed YCW had higher (p < 0.05) ileal gene expression of claudin family, occludin, MUC1, INF-γ, and IL-6 and lower (p < 0.05) that of TNF-α than those fed CON. Lastly, there were no differences in the relative abundance of bacteria at the phylum level between CON and YCW. However, dietary YCW increased (p < 0.05) the relative abundance of genera Prevotella and Roseburia compared with CON. This study provided that dietary YCW improved growth rate, nutritional digestibility, and intestinal health and modified immune responses and intestinal microbiota of weaned pigs.

scholarly journals PSXIV-42 Late-Breaking: Effects of yeast cell wall product on growth performance, immune responses, and gene expression of tight junction proteins of weaned pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 333-334
Author(s):  
Hyunjin Kyoung ◽  
Myungwoo Cho ◽  
Hanbae Lee ◽  
Sangwoo Park ◽  
Joowon Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Tight Junction ◽  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Yeast Cell Wall ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract The study was conducted to investigate effects of yeast cell wall product on growth performance, immune responses, and gene expression of tight junction proteins of weaned pigs. A total of 112 weaned pigs (7.98 ± 0.43 kg BW) were randomly assigned to 2 dietary treatments (8 pigs/pen; 7 replicates/treatments) for 4 weeks in a randomized complete block design (block = BW). Dietary treatments were 1) a commercial basal nursery diet (CON) and 2) CON + 0.05% yeast cell wall product (YCW, EasyBio Inc., Seoul, Korea). Blood was collected from one randomly selected pig per pen on d 0, 7, and 14 after weaning. The randomly selected one pig per replicate was euthanized to collect ileum tissue samples at the end of the experimental period. Measurements were growth performance, number of white blood cells (WBC) by an automated hematology analyzer calibrated for porcine blood, cortisol, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by the ELISA, and gene expression of tight junction in ileum tissues. Data were analyzed using the PROC GLM procedure of SAS. The statistical model for every measurement included dietary effect and BW as a covariate. Pigs fed YCW had higher (P &lt; 0.10) ADG than those fed CON during overall experimental period. Pigs fed YCW had lower WBC on d 14 (P &lt; 0.10), TNF-α on d 7 (P &lt; 0.10), and decreased IL-1β on d 14 (P &lt; 0.05) than those fed CON. In addition, The YCW increased (P &lt; 0.05) expression of Claudin family, Occludin, Muc1, INF-α, and IL-6, but decreased (P &lt; 0.05) expression of TNF-α genes in the ileum tissues compared with CON. In conclusion, addition of yeast cell wall product in the nursery diet improved growth performance and gut health and modified immune responses of weaned pigs.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Efficacy of a Postbiotic Yeast Cell Wall-Based Blend on Newly-Weaned Pigs under a Dietary Challenge of Multiple Mycotoxins with Emphasis on Deoxynivalenol

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Debora Muratori Holanda ◽  
Alexandros Yiannikouris ◽  
Sung Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Yeast Cell Wall ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Two Factors

Pigs are highly susceptible to mycotoxins. This study investigated the effects of a postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW; Nicholasville, KY, USA) on growth and health of newly-weaned pigs under dietary challenge of multiple mycotoxins. Forty-eight newly-weaned pigs (21 d old) were individually allotted to four dietary treatments, based on a three phase-feeding, in a randomized complete block design (sex; initial BW) with two factors for 36 d. Two factors were dietary mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol: 2000 μg/kg supplemented in three phases; and aflatoxin: 200 μg/kg supplemented only in phase 3) and PYCW (0.2%). Growth performance (weekly), blood serum (d 34), and jejunal mucosa immune and oxidative stress markers (d 36) data were analyzed using MIXED procedure of SAS. Mycotoxins reduced (p < 0.05) average daily feed intake (ADFI) and average daily gain (ADG) during the entire period whereas PYCW did not affect growth performance. Mycotoxins reduced (p < 0.05) serum protein, albumin, creatinine, and alanine aminotransferase whereas PYCW decreased (p < 0.05) serum creatine phosphokinase. Neither mycotoxins nor PYCW affected pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage markers in the jejunal mucosa. No interaction was observed indicating that PYCW improved hepatic enzymes regardless of mycotoxin challenge. In conclusion, deoxynivalenol (2000 μg/kg, for 7 to 25 kg body weight) and aflatoxin B1 (200 μg/kg, for 16 to 25 kg body weight) impaired growth performance and nutrient digestibility of newly-weaned pigs, whereas PYCW could partially improve health of pigs regardless of mycotoxin challenge.

scholarly journals Dietary Glutamic Acid Modulates Immune Responses and Gut Health of Weaned Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Hyunjin Kyoung ◽  
Jeong Jae Lee ◽  
Jin Ho Cho ◽  
Jeehwan Choe ◽  
Joowon Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Tnf Α

Dietary glutamic acid (GLU) is used as a feed additive because of its functional characteristics that may affect the growth performance and health of pigs. This study was carried out to determine the effects of dietary GLU on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune responses, and intestinal health of weaned pigs. A total of ninety-six weaned pigs (8.07 ± 1.17 kg of body weight; 28 days of age) were assigned to two dietary treatments (8 pigs/pen; 6 replicates/treatment) in a randomized complete block design (block: body weight): (1) a typical weaner diet (CON) and (2) CON supplemented with 0.5% GLU. The experimental period was for 4 weeks. All data and sample collections were performed at the specific time points during the experimental period. Pigs fed GLU had higher average daily gain and average daily feed intake for the first two weeks and nutrient digestibility than pigs fed CON. In addition, dietary GLU increased villus height to crypt depth ratio, number of goblet cells, and ileal gene expression of claudin family and occludin compared with CON, but decreased serum TNF-α and IL-6 and ileal gene expression of TNF-α. Moreover, pigs fed GLU had increased relative composition of bacterial communities of genus Prevotella and Anaerovibrio and decreased genus Clostridium and Terrisporobacter compared with those fed CON. This study suggests that dietary GLU influences growth performance and health of weaned pigs by modulating nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, ileal gene expression of tight junction proteins and cytokines, immune responses, and microbial community in the gut.

scholarly journals 366 Efficacy of mycotoxin deactivators on health and growth of newly weaned pigs under chronic dietary challenges of deoxynivalenol

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 130-132
Author(s):  
D M Holanda ◽  
S W Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Lower Serum

Abstract The efficacy of mycotoxin deactivators on health and growth performance of newly weaned pigs (27 d-old) fed diets naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol was investigated. Sixty pigs were housed individually and assigned to 5 treatments for 34 d subdivided into 3 phases: NC (no added deoxynivalenol); PC (deoxynivalenol at 2 mg/kg); CYC (PC + clay/yeast culture based product, 0.2%); CYE (PC + clay/yeast cell wall/plant extracts/antioxidants based product, 0.2%); and CYB (PC + clay/inactivated yeast/botanicals/antioxidants based product, 0.2%). Blood was taken at d 14 and 34. Intestinal mucosa was taken at d 34. Data were analyzed using Proc Mixed of SAS with pre-planned contrasts. Deoxynivalenol reduced (P &lt; 0.05) ADG in P3. Pigs fed CYC had greater (P &lt; 0.05) ADG during overall period, ADFI during P3, and gain/feed during P2 than PC. At d 14, deoxynivalenol reduced (P &lt; 0.05) BUN/creatinine and tended to reduce (P = 0.088) BUN. Pigs fed CYB tended to have greater (P = 0.059) AST than PC. At d 34, pigs fed CYC (P = 0.083) and CYB (P = 0.068) tended to have lower serum CPK than PC. Pigs fed CYE had lower (P &lt; 0.05) BUN/creatinine than PC. Deoxynivalenol tended to increase (P = 0.068) malondialdehydes and decrease (P = 0.072) glutathione in jejunal mucosa. Pigs fed CYE and CYB had lower (P &lt; 0.05) malondialdehydes, whereas pigs fed CYB had greater (P &lt; 0.05) glutathione and tended to have lower (P = 0.079) jejunal IgA than PC. Pigs fed CYC (P = 0.066) and CYE (P = 0.099) tended to have lower jejunal IL8 than PC. In conclusion, deoxynivalenol compromised growth performance and intestinal health. The mycotoxin deactivators could enhance intestinal health of pigs fed diets with deoxynivalenol without affecting liver function.

scholarly journals Dietary seaweed-derived polysaccharides improve growth performance of weaned pigs through maintaining intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbial populations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiande Zou ◽  
Jin Yang ◽  
Xiaobo Guo ◽  
Qin He ◽  
Zirui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
G Ratio

Abstract Background: Seaweed-derived polysaccharides (SDP) represent an attractive source of prebiotic nutraceuticals for the food and animal husbandry industry. However, the mechanism by which SDP from Enteromorpha mediates pig growth are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate how SDP supplementation influences the growth performance and intestinal health in weaned pigs.Results: In Exp. 1, 240 weaned pigs were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments and fed with a basal diet or a basal diet containing 200, 400 or 800 mg/kg SDP, respectively, in a 21-d trial. Pigs on the 400 or 800 mg/kg SDP-supplemented group had greater ADG and lower F/G ratio than those on the control group (P＜0.05). In Exp. 2, 20 male weaned pigs were randomly assigned to two treatments and fed with a basal diet (CON group) or a basal diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg SDP (the optimum does from Exp. 1), in a 21-d trial. Pigs fed the SDP diet had greater ADG, the concentrations of serum IL-6 and TNF-α and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase (P＜0.05), and lower F/G, diarrhea rate, as well as serum D-lactate concentrations and diamine oxidase activity (P＜0.05). Moreover, dietary SDP supplementation enhanced secretory immunoglobulin A content, villus height and villous height: crypt depth ratio in small intestine, as well as the lactase and maltase activities in jejunum mucosa (P＜0.05). SDP supplementation elevated the mRNA levels of inflammatory response-related genes (IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4, TLR6 and MyD88), and the mRNA and protein levels of ZO-1, Claudin-1 and Occludin in jejunum mucosa (P＜0.05). Importantly, SDP not only increased the Lactobacillus population but also reduced the Escherichia coli population in cecum (P＜0.05). Furthermore, SDP increased acetic acid and butyric acid concentrations in cecum (P＜0.05).Conclusions: These results not only suggest a beneficial effect of SDP on growth performance and intestinal barrier functions, but also offer potential mechanisms behind SDP-facilitated intestinal health in weaned pigs.

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