scholarly journals Effects of Concentrate and Bypass Fat Supplementations on Growth Performance, Blood Profile, and Rearing Cost of Feedlot Buffaloes

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2105
Author(s):  
Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi ◽  
Hafandi Ahmad ◽  
Norhariani Mohd Nor ◽  
Goh Yong Meng ◽  
Mohd Zamri Saad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Water Buffaloes ◽  
Bypass Fat

This study investigates the effects of supplementation of the basal diet with concentrate and rumen bypass fat on the dry matter intake (DMI), growth performance, blood metabolites and hormonal changes, and the feeding cost of feedlot water buffaloes. Thirty-six healthy, three- to four-month-old male Murrah crossbred (n = 18) and Swamp (n = 18) buffaloes with a similar average initial body weight of 98.64 ± 1.93 kg were each randomly allocated into three dietary experimental groups. Buffaloes were fed with Diet A, which consisted of 100% Brachiaria decumbens, Diet B, consisting of 70% Brachiaria decumbens and 30% concentrate, and Diet C, consisting of 70% Brachiaria decumbens, 26% concentrate, and 4% rumen bypass fat for a period of 730 days. Feed intake was measured daily, while blood samples were collected for every eight months. Furthermore, body scores were noted prior to and at the end of the experimental period. The results showed that the average daily gain for buffaloes fed with Diet C was the highest. The DMI, BCS, FI, and FCR for the three groups showed significant (p < 0.05) differences, in the following order: Diet C > Diet B > Diet A. At the end of the two-year feeding trial, buffaloes fed with Diet B had significantly (p < 0.05) higher cholesterol levels than Diet A and Diet C. In addition, buffaloes fed with Diet C had significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of serum total protein, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-I hormone compared to Diet A and Diet B. On the other hand, buffaloes fed with Diet B and Diet C showed significant (p < 0.05) decrease in glucose levels. Supplemented diet improved the buffalos’ weight gain to achieve the market weight in a shorter period of time, thus, giving farmers a greater return. In conclusion, concentrate and bypass fat supplementations in the diet of water buffaloes improved the growth performance without adverse effect on the blood metabolites, which enabled better farmer profitability.

scholarly journals Impact of yeast hydrolysate (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microflora, noxious gas emission, blood profile, and meat quality of finishing pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vetriselvi Sampath ◽  
Kyudong Han ◽  
S SureshKumar ◽  
In Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Drip Loss ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Yeast Hydrolysate ◽  
Gross Energy

A total of 90 finishing pigs (52 ±1.46kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments as: TRT1- (CON (basal diet)), TRT-2 (CON + 0.05% yeast hydrolysate (YH)), TRT3 – (CON + 0.1% YH) for 8 weeks trial. Each treatment had 6 replications and 5 (3 gilts and 2 barrow) pigs pen. In weeks 4 and 8, YH supplement linearly increased (P < 0.05) body weight. Moreover, average daily gain was also linearly increased (P < 0.05) with YH supplementation in week 4 and the overall trial period. At the end of the trial, apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, and gross energy was linearly increased in pigs fed YH supplementation. In addition, fecal lactobacillus counts, IGF-1 concentration, and the lean meat percentage was linearly increased by YH supplementation. Also, YH supplementation elicited a linear reduction on drip loss during days 3, 5, and 7. In summary, dietary yeast hydrolysate supplement positively enhanced the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, lactobacillus count and reduce the drip loss traits of finishing pig. Thus, we infer that the application 0.1% S. cerevisiae yeast hydrolysate can enhance the growth efficiency of finishing pigs.

216 Effect of Dietary L-valine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Microbial Metabolites in Weaned Pigs Raised in Varying Sanitary Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 113-114
Author(s):  
Bonjin Koo ◽  
Martin Nyachoti
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Microbial Metabolites ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

Abstract This study investigated the effects of dietary L-valine supplementation and sanitary conditions on growth performance, immune response, and microbial metabolites in weaned pigs. Thirty-two weaned pigs (6.98 ± 0.47 kg) were randomly assigned to treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement based on dietary Val level and sanitary condition (clean or unclean). The pigs were fed either a basal diet containing the standard levels of Val suggested by NRC (2012) or the basal diet with an additional 0.1% of L-Val. A room designated as the clean room was washed weekly, whereas the designated unclean room was not washed throughout the experiment and 5 kg of manure from the nursery pig barn was spread on the pen floors on day 1. All data were analyzed using a mixed procedure of SAS, with the individual pen as the experimental unit. The pigs raised in unsanitary conditions exhibited a lower average daily gain and average daily feed intake and a higher incidence of diarrhea than those raised in sanitary conditions during the 14-day experimental period (P &lt; 0.05). The pigs in the unclean group also had a lower concentration of butyrate in the jejunum and a higher concentration of ammonia-N in the colon than those in the clean group (P &lt; 0.05). Dietary valine supplementation reduced plasma interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-1 receptor antagonist concentrations as well as isovalerate and ammonia-N concentrations in the colon (P &lt; 0.05). Interactions between dietary Val supplementation and sanitary conditions were observed in the abundance of mRNA-encoding β-defensins 113, 125, and 129 (P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, dietary Val supplementation beneficially modulates inflammatory response and microbial metabolites regardless of sanitary condition, while transcriptional levels of β-defensins are regulated by dietary Val supplementation in a manner dependent on housing hygiene conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of Replacement of Wheat Straw with Corn Stover Based TMR on Growth Performance, Behavioural Characteristics, selected Blood Metabolites and Nutrient Digestibility in Beetal Bucks.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Majeed ◽  
Saeed Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Afzal Rashid ◽  
Muhammad Qamer Shahid ◽  
Imran Mohsin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract An experiment was executed to determine the effects of replacing wheat straw with corn stover on growth performance, behavioural characteristics, blood metabolites and nutrient digestibility in Beetal bucks. A total of twenty four Beetal bucks were assigned randomly to one of three treatment groups, having eight animals each, for 15 weeks experimental period. The dietary treatments included conventional (25% wheat straw and 75% concentrate), corn stover 50 (Fifty percent of wheat straw (12.5%) was replaced with corn stover, and corn stover 100 (Wheat straw was completely replaced with corn stover). Dietary replacement of wheat straw with corn stover has resulted in an increased dry matter intake and average daily gain by 10 and 26%, respectively in the bucks. Rumen pH and fecal score, however, remained unaffected by dietary replacement of wheat straw with corn stover in the bucks. The replacement of wheat straw with corn stover has resulted in an increased feeding and rumination time, improved lying time and length and decreased number of bouts in the bucks. Blood glucose, urea, bilirubin and calcium levels were remained unaffected by replacing wheat straw with corn stover. The blood phosphorous level, however, was decreased in bucks fed corn stover based ration. The bucks fed corn stover based ration has resulted in an increased digestibility of nutrients including organic matter, crude protein, neutral and acid detergent fiber compared to those fed wheat straw based total mixed ration.

scholarly journals Effects of microencapsulated complex of organic acids and essential oils on growth performance, nutrient retention, blood profiles, fecal microflora, and lean meat percentage in weaning to finishing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Jin Oh ◽  
In Ho Kim ◽  
Min Ho Song ◽  
Woo Gi Kwak ◽  
Won Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Fecal Microflora

A total of 90 pigs (6.47 ± 0.27 kg; 21 d of age) were used in this 22 wk feeding trial to evaluate the effect of microencapsulated complex of organic acids and essential oils (MOE) on growth performance, nutrient retention, blood profile, fecal microflora, and lean meat percentage in pigs. Pigs were randomly distributed to one of three treatment groups (six replicate pens per treatment, five pigs per pen). Dietary treatments were CON, basal diet; MOE1, basal + 0.1% MOE; and MOE2, basal diet + 0.2% MOE. The average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed efficiency ratio were significantly different among treatments (P < 0.05). The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter was linearly increased (P < 0.05) by MOE2. Red blood cells and immunoglobulin G were significantly different in pigs fed MOE (P < 0.05). The Lactobacillus concentration linearly increased (P < 0.05) in MOE2 treatments compared with other treatments. The meat color (a*, redness) and drip loss decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing level of MOE. In conclusion, MOE supplementation could improve growth performance, nutrient retention, blood profile, fecal microflora, and meat quality in weaning to finishing pigs.

scholarly journals Influence of Treated Rapeseed Meal on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Blood Profile in Growing Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukáš Bujňák ◽  
Pavel Naď ◽  
Iveta Maskaľová ◽  
František Zigo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Blood Profile

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of replacing part of soybean meal (SBM) with 15% treated rapeseed meal (tRSM) on growth performance, blood parametres and nutrient digestibility in young growing pigs. A total of 12 crossbred growing pigs (Slovakian White x Landrace) with an average initial body weight of 15.70 ± 1.83 kg were divided into two dietary treatments according to their body weight and sex (six pigs in each group). The experiment lasted 34 days. The rapeseed meal was treated with the product that neutralizes the negative effects of glucosinolates contained in rapeseed by-products for pigs feeding. In our study, we did not observe negative effects of tRSM on body weight, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio. In blood profile, serum urea, albumin, glucose and total chlosterol were not influenced by dietary tRSM treatment. Concentration of total proteins was decreased at the end of the experimental period in the experimental group (P<0.01). For apparent total tract digestibility acid-insoluble ash was used as marker. Partially replacing of SBM with tRSM had no significant negative effects on the apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and crude fat. Finally, the inclusion of 15% of treated RSM in growing pig diets had no negative effects on growth performance, nutrients digestibility and selected blood characteristics.

210 A Longer Adaptation Period to a Functional Amino Acid-supplemented Diet Improves Growth Performance and Attenuates Acute-phase Response in Salmonella Typhimurium-challenged Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 85-85
Author(s):  
Lucas Rodrigues ◽  
Michael O Wellington ◽  
J Caroline González-Vega ◽  
John K Htoo ◽  
Andrew G Van Kessel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation

Abstract Functional amino acid supplementation during disease challenge enhances growth performance and immune status. The present study investigated the effect of duration of adaptation period to a functional amino acid (FAA)-supplemented diet on growth performance and immune status during a subsequent Salmonella challenge in pigs. Thirty-two mixed-sex weanling pigs (8 pigs/treatment; 11.6 ± 0.34 kg initial body weight) received either a basal diet without FAA supplementation throughout the experimental period (FAA-) or a diet containing a supplemented FAA profile (Thr, Met, and Trp at 120% of requirements) fed for either 0 (FAA+0), 1 (FAA+1) or 2 (FAA+2) wk pre- and 1 wk post-inoculation with Salmonella Typhimurium (ST). Pigs were orally inoculated with saline containing ST after the 2 wk pre-inoculation period and monitored for 1 wk post-inoculation. Pigs had ad libitum access to diets throughout the experiment. Performance parameters [average daily gain (ADG), feed intake, and gain:feed (GF)] were measured in the pre- and post-inoculation periods. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 4, and 7 post-inoculation for serum haptoglobin and albumin analysis. There was no effect of diet on pre-inoculation performance (P &gt; 0.05). Post-inoculation, FAA+2 pigs had the highest ADG (0.46 kg/d) and GF (0.63 kg/kg), FAA- the lowest (0.21 kg/d; 0.29 kg/kg), with FAA+0 (0.33 kg/d; 0.46 kg/kg) and FAA+1 (0.40 kg/d; 0.53 kg/kg) being intermediate (ADG, P &lt; 0.05, SEM=0.059; GF, P &lt; 0.05, SEM=0.099). Overall, albumin was higher in FAA+2 (35.25 g/L) and FAA+1 (34.63 g/L) pigs compared to FAA+0 (30.38 g/L) and FAA- (29.67 g/L) pigs (P &lt; 0.05, SEM=0.717). Furthermore, FAA+2 pigs had the lowest overall haptoglobin (0.90 g/L), FAA- the highest (1.54 g/L), with FAA+0 (1.32 g/L) and FAA+1 (1.06 g/L) being intermediate (P &lt; 0.05, SEM=0.111). In conclusion, a longer adaptation period to FAA supplementation improved performance and attenuated the immune response of pigs when exposed to an enteric disease challenge.

PSXVI-1 Effect of dietary poppy seed meal supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbiota, and blood profile in growing-finishing pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 417-419
Author(s):  
Koo Deokho ◽  
Serge Muhizi ◽  
Seok wooJung ◽  
Gao Shanshui ◽  
Song Junho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Meat Sample ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Yeast Hydrolysate

Abstract Yeast products are extensively used as additives in livestock feed to improve their growth performance and intestinal health. A total of 90 crossbred finishing pigs were allocated to one of three treatments according to their BW and sex (2 barrows and 2 gilts) with 6 replicates per treatment and 5 pigs per pen for eight weeks. The dietary treatments were CON -basal diet, CON + 0.05% yeast hydrolysate (YH), CON + 0.1% YH. The yeast hydrolysate supplement used in this study was commercially prepared in the name of CALMORIN. The active ingredients of YH were 40% of crude protein, 3.5% of nucleotides, 23% of β-glucans,4.9% glutamic acid, and 15% of mannan-oligosaccharides. Data were subjected to the statistical analysis as a complete randomized design using the GLM procedures of SAS and the pen was used as the experimental unit. Linear and quadratic polynomial contrasts were performed to determine the effects yeast in the diet with P &lt; 0.05 indicating significance. Dietary inclusion of YH supplement linearly increased (P &lt; 0.05) body weight and average daily gain of pigs at wk 4,8, and overall trail period (respectively). Moreover, apparent total digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, and energy showed linear (P &lt; 0.05) improvement in pigs fed graded level of YH supplementation. Also, the inclusion of YH supplementation linearly increased (P &lt; 0.05) the fecal microbial lactobacillus population. Furthermore, during the end of the trial, pigs fed YH tended to linearly increase (P &lt; 0.05) backfat thickness and lean meat percentage and linearly reduce drip loss (P &gt; 0.05) from meat sample on day 3 and 5 of storage. In conclusion the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, lactobacillus count, and meat quality of finishing pigs were positively enhanced by yeast hydrolysate supplement in the diet.

scholarly journals Effects of providing artificial shade to pregnant grazing beef heifers on vaginal temperature, growth, activity, and behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gleise M Silva ◽  
Lautaro R Cangiano ◽  
Thiago F. Fabris ◽  
Victoria R Merenda ◽  
Ricardo C Chebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Shade Treatment ◽  
Growth Activity ◽  
Gps Devices ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Vaginal Temperature

Abstract This experiment evaluated the effects of providing artificial shade during summer on activity, behavior, and growth performance of pregnant grazing beef heifers. Thirty-six black-hided Angus and Angus crossbred pregnant heifers [418 ± 9 kg body weight (BW); approximately 90 d of gestation] were stratified by breed, blocked by BW, and allocated to 12 ‘Pensacola’ bahiagrass pastures (Paspalum notatum Flüggé; 1.3 ha, n = 3 heifers/pasture) with or without access to artificial shade (SHADE vs. NO SHADE; 6 pastures each) for 7 wk during summer. The shade structures were composed of shade cloth (11 × 7.3 m length, 2.4 m height: 26.8 m 2 of shade per heifer). Shrunk BW was recorded on enrollment (d 0) and wk 7 (d 47), whereas full BW was obtained on wk 2 (d 14), 4 (d 28), and 6 (d 42) to assess average daily gain (ADG). Vaginal temperature was recorded for five consecutive days during wk 1, 3, 5, and 7 using an intravaginal digital thermo-logger, and individual GPS devices were used to quantify the use of shade for an 8-h period. Activity was monitored using automated monitoring devices (HR-LDn tags SCR Engineers Ltd., Netanya, Israel) through the experimental period. Vaginal temperature was lower (P &lt; 0.01) for heifers in the SHADE compared with heifers in the NO SHADE treatment from 1200 to 1600 h and 1100 to 1900 h for wk 1 and 3, respectively. Heifers in the SHADE treatment spent 70% of the 8-h period evaluated under the shaded structure. Provision of shade increased (P &lt; 0.01) daily lying time (11.4 ± 0.2 vs. 10.3 ± 0.2 h/d) and standing bouts per day (P &lt; 0.01; 12.6 ± 0.4 vs. 10.8 ± 0.4 bouts/d), whereas it reduced (P &lt; 0.01) standing bout duration (61.6 ± 3.0 vs. 82.9 ± 3.0 min/bout) relative to heifers without access to shade. The interaction between treatment and hour affected (P &lt; 0.01) daily rumination time because heifers with access to SHADE had greater rumination between 1000 and 1200 h. Although ADG tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for the heifers in the SHADE treatment (0.20 vs. -0.02 kg, respectively), the access to shade did not (P = 0.79) affect the final BW. In conclusion, providing artificial shade during summer to pregnant grazing beef heifers was effective in reducing vaginal temperatures and exerted changes in heifer behaviors that translated into slight improvements in growth performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Supplementation of gEGF on the Growth Performance and Immunity of Broilers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1394
Author(s):  
Jianyong Zhou ◽  
Jingyi Yao ◽  
Luhong Bai ◽  
Chuansong Sun ◽  
Jianjun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Growth Of Animals

EGF has been shown to stimulate the growth of animals. In this study, the content of EGF in chicken embryos (gallus EGF, gEGF) aged from 1 to 20 days of incubation were determined by ELISA kit, and the 5-day-old chicken embryos with the highest content of 5593 pg/g were selected to make gEGF crude extracts. A total of 1500 1-day-old Xianju chickens were randomly divided into five groups with six replicates of 50 chickens each. The control group was fed a basal diet, and other treatment diets were supplemented with 4, 8, 16 and 32 ng/kg gEGF crude extract, respectively. The experiment lasted for 30 days. Chicks were harvested at the end of the experiment, and liver, spleen, thymus, bursa and serum samples were collected. Results showed that average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of 16 ng/kg group were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The serum uric acid (UA) of the 16 ng/kg group was reduced (p < 0.01), and the serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) of the 16 ng/kg group increased (p < 0.01). The gEGF extract also increased chick’s antioxidant capacity, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased catalase (CAT) in the liver and serum of 16 ng/kg groups in compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, immunity was improved by the addition of gEGF to broiler diets. The serum immunoglobin A (IgA) content of 8 and 16 ng/kg groups and the serum immunoglobin M (IgM) content of 4 and 8 ng/kg groups were increased (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. The bursa index of each experimental group was higher than the control group (p < 0.01). These findings demonstrate that the crude extract of gEGF prepared in this experiment could improve the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity of broilers.

PSVI-14 Blend of Additives in Nursery Pig Diets as an Antibiotics Substitute Increases the Growth Performance and Intestinal Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 201-201
Author(s):  
Sudario Roberto Silva Junior ◽  
Rhuan F Chaves ◽  
Maíra Resende ◽  
Ygor Henrique De Paula ◽  
Kenio De Gouvêa Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence

Abstract Antibiotics growth promoting (AGP) in animal feed has been restricted. With this, several additives have been tested in order to replace AGP and ensure intestinal health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a blend of additives on growth performance, diarrhea incidence and cecal content microbiota of nursery pigs. A total of 576 weaned pigs (6.21 ± 1.16 kg) were assigned into 4 treatments (12 replicates) in randomized block design: basal diet without additives (NC); basal diet with 120 ppm of halquinol (PC); NC + 0,05% blend of lactic acid (3,5%), benzoic acid (2,5%), flavonoids (3,5%) (B5); NC+ 0,1% of same blend (B10). The pigs were weighed 0 and 42 days into the experiment. On day 10, one animal per pen (10 replicates) was euthanized for microbiota analyses. The diarrhea incidence was calculated by the percentage of visual pens with diarrhea, by day, in the period. The growth performance was analyzed by GLIMMIX procedure and the means were compared with Tukey test (P &lt; 0.050) (SAS, 2009). Diarrhea incidence was analyzed by GENMOD procedure (SAS, 2009). The Kruskal Wallis test was used to compare microbial biodiversity (P &lt; 0.050) by statistical program STAMP. The final weight (P = 0.010) and average daily gain (P = 0.001) of B10 and PC were higher than NC. Regarding diarrhea, it was observed that the B5 and B10 had lower incidence when compared to other groups in the total period. In the microbiome analyses, it was observed that the B5, B10, and PC groups had lower (P = 0.021) biodiversity when compared to the NC piglets. However, the B5 and B10 group had higher biodiversity when compared to the PC group. In conclusion, the supplementation with 0,1% blend of additives can be a substitute for AGP.

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