scholarly journals Good to Know: Baseline Data on Feed Intake, Fecal Pellet Output and Intestinal Transit Time in Guinea Pig as a Frequently Used Model in Gastrointestinal Research

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1593
Author(s):  
Kristin Elfers ◽  
Yvonne Armbrecht ◽  
Gemma Mazzuoli-Weber
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Fecal Pellet ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Intestinal Transit Time

Guinea pigs are a traditional and frequently used species in gastrointestinal research. Comprehensive knowledge of basic parameters connected with their intestinal function, such as feed intake, fecal pellet output and gastrointestinal transit time, is important for evaluating results from basic gastrointestinal research that may be applied to practical problems in human and veterinary medicine, for example, when establishing diagnostic tools. Our study revealed that over a 24-h period, single-housed guinea pigs showed a continual but day-accentuated feeding activity, consuming 57% of the total feed during the light period, with pronounced peaks of feed intake during the beginning and end of the light period. This was mirrored by fecal pellet output during the light period and almost no defecation during the dark period, while potential coprophagy not measured in this study needs to be considered. A highly comparable feeding activity was recorded in pair-housed guinea pigs, with 60% of overall feed intake within the light period, indicating that such differences in housing conditions did not influence guinea pigs’ feeding behavior. Intestinal transit time was successfully recorded by oral administration of carmine red and counted 5 h on average. Hence, this study provides important information on the basic functional parameters of guinea pigs’ gastrointestinal tract physiology.

Postanaesthetic effects of ketamine–midazolam and ketamine–medetomidine on gastrointestinal transit time in rabbits anaesthetised with isoflurane

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (8) ◽  
pp. 249-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Botman ◽  
Fanny Hontoir ◽  
Pascal Gustin ◽  
Carole Cambier ◽  
Fabien Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Intestinal Transit Time ◽  
Small Intestinal Transit ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit Time ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stasis ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundGastrointestinal stasis is a common perianaesthetic complication in rabbits. The objective of this study was to assess the impact on gastrointestinal transit time of ketamine–midazolam (KMZ) versus ketamine–medetomidine (later antagonised by atipamezole) (KMT-A) in rabbits anaesthetised with isoflurane.MethodsThis was a cross-over, randomised, single-blinded, controlled, experimental trial. Seven healthy adult New Zealand White rabbits were used. Gastrointestinal transit time was assessed by contrast radiography in awake rabbits. Presence of contrast medium in the small intestine (gastric transit time), in the caecum (small intestinal transit time) and in faeces in the colon was assessed. One week later, 55 minutes isoflurane anaesthesia was induced with ketamine (15 mg/kg) and either midazolam (3 mg/kg) or medetomidine (0.25 mg/kg) by intramuscular injection. Thirty minutes after discontinuation of isoflurane, atipamezole (0.5 mg/kg) was administered only to rabbits in KMT-A treatment. Gastrointestinal transit time was then assessed in both treatment groups, beginning 30 minutes after cessation of isoflurane administration. Two weeks later, the treatment groups were interchanged.ResultsGastric and small intestinal transit times were significantly longer with KMT-A (92±109 minutes and 214±119 minutes, respectively) than with KMZ (1±0 minutes and 103±6 minutes, respectively) and in the awake state (7±7 minutes and 94±32 minutes, respectively).ConclusionClinicians should therefore be aware of the potential gastrointestinal side effects of KMT-A, particularly in rabbits at risk for gastrointestinal stasis.

scholarly journals Donor metabolic characteristics drive effects of faecal microbiota transplantation on recipient insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure and intestinal transit time

Gut ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter de Groot ◽  
Torsten Scheithauer ◽  
Guido J Bakker ◽  
Andrei Prodan ◽  
Evgeni Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Transit Time ◽  
Insulin Resistant

ObjectiveBariatric surgery improves glucose metabolism. Recent data suggest that faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using faeces from postbariatric surgery diet-induced obese mice in germ-free mice improves glucose metabolism and intestinal homeostasis. We here investigated whether allogenic FMT using faeces from post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass donors (RYGB-D) compared with using faeces from metabolic syndrome donors (METS-D) has short-term effects on glucose metabolism, intestinal transit time and adipose tissue inflammation in treatment-naïve, obese, insulin-resistant male subjects.DesignSubjects with metabolic syndrome (n=22) received allogenic FMT either from RYGB-D or METS-D. Hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity as well as lipolysis were measured at baseline and 2 weeks after FMT by hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic stable isotope (2H2-glucose and 2H5-glycerol) clamp. Secondary outcome parameters were changes in resting energy expenditure, intestinal transit time, faecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and bile acids, and inflammatory markers in subcutaneous adipose tissue related to intestinal microbiota composition. Faecal SCFA, bile acids, glycaemic control and inflammatory parameters were also evaluated at 8 weeks.ResultsWe observed a significant decrease in insulin sensitivity 2 weeks after allogenic METS-D FMT (median rate of glucose disappearance: from 40.6 to 34.0 µmol/kg/min; p<0.01). Moreover, a trend (p=0.052) towards faster intestinal transit time following RYGB-D FMT was seen. Finally, we observed changes in faecal bile acids (increased lithocholic, deoxycholic and (iso)lithocholic acid after METS-D FMT), inflammatory markers (decreased adipose tissue chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) gene expression and plasma CCL2 after RYGB-D FMT) and changes in several intestinal microbiota taxa.ConclusionAllogenic FMT using METS-D decreases insulin sensitivity in metabolic syndrome recipients when compared with using post-RYGB-D. Further research is needed to delineate the role of donor characteristics in FMT efficacy in human insulin-resistant subjects.Trial registration numberNTR4327.

Sleeve Gastrectomy Increases Intestinal Transit Time and Gut Permeability in a Murine Model of Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 227 (4) ◽  
pp. S26-S27
Author(s):  
Keith Wirth ◽  
Scott Kizy ◽  
Cyrus Jahansouz ◽  
Daniel B. Leslie ◽  
Sayeed Ikramuddin
Keyword(s):  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Gut Permeability ◽  
Intestinal Transit Time
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