scholarly journals Calibrating Accelerometer Tags with Oxygen Consumption Rate of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Their Use in Aquaculture Facility: A Case Study

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1496
Author(s):  
Walter Zupa ◽  
Sébastien Alfonso ◽  
Francesco Gai ◽  
Laura Gasco ◽  
Maria Teresa Spedicato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Energetic Costs ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Metabolic rates are linked to the energetic costs of different activities of an animal’s life. However, measuring the metabolic rate in free-swimming fish remains challenging due to the lack of possibilities to perform these direct measurements in the field. Thus, the calibration of acoustic transmitters with the oxygen consumption rate (MO2) could be promising to counter these limitations. In this study, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792; n = 40) were challenged in a critical swimming test (Ucrit) to (1) obtain insights about the aerobic and anaerobic metabolism throughout electromyograms; and (2) calibrate acoustic transmitters’ signal with the MO2 to be later used as a proxy of energetic costs. After this calibration, the fish (n = 12) were implanted with the transmitter and were followed during ~50 days in an aquaculture facility, as a case study, to evaluate the potential of such calibration. Accelerometer data gathered from tags over a long time period were converted to estimate the MO2. The MO2 values indicated that all fish were reared under conditions that did not impact their health and welfare. In addition, a diurnal pattern with higher MO2 was observed for the majority of implanted trout. In conclusion, this study provides (1) biological information about the muscular activation pattern of both red and white muscle; and (2) useful tools to estimate the energetic costs in free-ranging rainbow trout. The use of acoustic transmitters calibrated with MO2, as a proxy of energy expenditure, could be promising for welfare assessment in the aquaculture industry.

Influence of low temperature acclimation on fate of metabolic fuels in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hearts

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 2167-2173 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Bailey ◽  
William R. Driedzic
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Intracellular Lipids ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Precipitate Protein ◽  
Fuel Source

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were acclimated to 5 and 20 °C. Oxygen consumption of isolated perfused hearts was measured at 5 or 15 °C with either glucose or palmitate as the exogenous fuel source. With glucose as the fuel there was no significant difference in oxygen consumption of hearts from either acclimation group at either temperature. With palmitate as the fuel source, hearts from fish acclimated to and tested at 5 °C had significantly higher oxygen consumption than hearts from fish acclimated to 20 °C and tested at either 5 or 15 °C. Hearts from fish both acclimated to and tested at 5 °C had a higher oxygen consumption with palmitate than when glucose was supplied. This reflects the preference for fatty acid fuels found in cold acclimated muscle tissue, and consequently the amount of oxygen required to utilize fats. Under all experimental conditions, 14CO2 production from either (6-14C)glucose or (1-14C)palmitate could account for less than 0.5% of oxygen consumption. Tissue chemical analysis showed that most of the label from (6-14C)glucose appeared in acid-soluble (glycolytic intermediates, citric acid cycle intermediates, amino acids, etc.) and lipid fractions while most of the label from (1-14C)palmitate appeared in lipid- or acid-soluble or acid precipitate (protein material) fractions. This indicates considerable dilution of exogenous fuels in endogenous pools, which could account for the discrepancy in measured O2 consumption and 14CO2 production. Glucose catabolism was little affected by either acute or chronic changes in temperature other than an increase in glucose incorporation into the glycogen pool. Hearts from fish both acclimated to and tested at 5 °C showed an increased handling of exogenous fatty acids as reflected by elevated rates of catabolism and incorporation into intracellular lipids.

scholarly journals Normoxic limitation of maximal oxygen consumption rate, aerobic scope and cardiac performance in exhaustively exercised rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.J. McArley ◽  
D. Morgenroth ◽  
L.A. Zena ◽  
A.E. Ekström ◽  
E. Sandblom
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cardiac Contractility ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Scope ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
O2 Supply

In fish, maximum O2 consumption rate (MO2max) and aerobic scope can be expanded following exhaustive exercise in hyperoxia; however, the mechanisms explaining this are yet to be identified. Here, in exhaustively exercised rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), we assessed the influence of hyperoxia on MO2max, aerobic scope, cardiac function and blood parameters to address this knowledge gap. Relative to normoxia, MO2max was 33% higher under hyperoxia, and this drove a similar increase in aerobic scope. Cardiac output, due to increased stroke volume, was significantly elevated under hyperoxia at MO2max indicating hyperoxia released a constraint on cardiac contractility apparent with normoxia. Thus, hyperoxia improved maximal cardiac performance, thereby enhancing tissue O2 delivery and allowing a higher MO2max. Venous blood O2 partial pressure (PvO2) was elevated in hyperoxia at MO2max, suggesting a contribution of improved luminal O2 supply in enhanced cardiac contractility. Additionally, despite reduced haemoglobin and higher PvO2, hyperoxia treated fish retained a higher arterio-venous O2 content difference at MO2max. This may have been possible due to hyperoxia offsetting declines in arterial oxygenation known to occur following exhaustive exercise in normoxia. If this occurs, increased contractility at MO2max with hyperoxia may also relate to an improved O2 supply to the compact myocardium via the coronary artery. Our findings show MO2max and aerobic scope may be limited in normoxia following exhaustive exercise due to constrained maximal cardiac performance and highlight the need to further examine whether or not exhaustive exercise protocols are suitable for eliciting MO2max and estimating aerobic scope in rainbow trout.

Metabolic effects of the expression of a phosphoglucomutase locus in the liver of rainbow trout

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1499-1504
Author(s):  
Moira M. Ferguson ◽  
Roy G. Danzmann ◽  
Fred W. Allendorf ◽  
Kathy L. Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
White Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Parallel Analysis ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Sib Families

We examined the lengths, weights, condition factors, and hepatosomatic indices of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from four full-sib families, each segregating at the temporal regulatory locus Pgm1-t, and the concentrations of RNA, DNA, and protein in their livers and white muscle. In three families, fish with phosphoglucomutase-1 (PGM1) activity in liver (Pgm1-t(b) fish) are significantly longer than their full-sibs lacking activity for liver PGM1 (Pgm1-t(a) fish). Hepatosomatic indices tend to be higher in the Pgm1-t(b) fish than in their Pgm1-t(a) siblings. RNA/DNA ratios in the liver of Pgm1-t(b) fish are significantly higher than those of Pgm1-t(a) fish in two families and marginal in a third. However, no significant differences were detected in a parallel analysis of nucleic acids and protein in white muscle, where PGM1 is expressed in all fish. In a separate experiment, Pgm1-t(b) fish were significantly heavier in all five families, had significantly higher condition factors in two families, and had marginally lower standardized oxygen consumption rates in three families.

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