scholarly journals Does Bacteria Colonization of Canine Newborns Start in the Uterus?

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1415
Author(s):  
Ada Rota ◽  
Andrea Del Carro ◽  
Alessia Bertero ◽  
Angela Del Carro ◽  
Alessandro Starvaggi Cucuzza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Successful Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnant Uterus ◽  
Healthy Pregnancy ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp

The assumption that requires the uterus to be a sterile environment to sustain a successful pregnancy has been recently challenged in humans, and is still under debate. The aim of this study was to assess whether bacteria can be isolated from the pregnant uterus and from amniotic fluid and meconium of healthy canine fetuses at term, delivered through cesarean section. Fifteen dams of different breed, age and parity, undergoing either elective (n = 10) or emergency (n = 5) cesarean section after a healthy pregnancy, were included in the study. Swabs for bacterial culture were collected from the uterus, and from amniotic fluid and meconium. Bacteria were isolated from all the sampled sites and materials, irrespective of cesarean type. In most cases, different bacteria were isolated from the different sites. Acinetobacter spp., coagulase-negative Staphylococci and Bacillus spp. were frequently found while Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus spp., Moraxella spp., Macrococcus spp., Glutamicibacter spp., Stenotrophomonas spp. and Psychrobacter spp. were only occasionally identified. Our data show that uterus and fetuses may not be sterile in healthy term canine pregnancies.

The Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from Intensive Care Unit Patient Samples in a University Affiliated Hospital in Romania

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1778-1783
Author(s):  
Andreea-Loredana Golli ◽  
Floarea Mimi Nitu ◽  
Maria Balasoiu ◽  
Marina Alina Lungu ◽  
Cristiana Cerasella Dragomirescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

To determine the resistance pattern of bacterial pathogens involved in infections of the patients aged between 18-64 years, admitted in a ICU from a 1518-bed university-affiliated hospital. A retrospective study of bacterial pathogens was carried out on 351 patients aged between 18-64 years admitted to the ICU, from January to December 2017. In this study there were analysed 469 samples from 351 patients (18-64 years). A total of 566 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 120 strains of Klebsiella spp. (35.39%%), followed by Nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli, other than Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter (NFB) (75- 22.12%), Acinetobacter spp. (53 - 15.63%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus (51 - 15.04%), and Escherichia coli (49 - 14.45%). The most common isolates were from respiratory tract (394 isolates � 69.61%). High rates of MDR were found for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (64.70%), MRSA (62.65%) and Klebsiella spp. (53.33%), while almost all of the isolated NFB strains were MDR (97.33%). There was statistic difference between the drug resistance rate of Klebsiella and E. coli strains to ceftazidime and ceftriaxone (p[0.001), cefuroxime (p[0.01) and to cefepime (p[0.01). The study revealed an alarming pattern of antibiotic resistance in the majority of ICU isolates.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF AMNIOTIC FLUID VISCOSITY TO RESPIRATORY DISTRESS IN LAMBS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 858-864
Author(s):  
Arthur J. Moss ◽  
Ovidio Rettori ◽  
Norman S. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Lung Expansion ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Length Of Gestation

The viscosity of amniotic fluid was measured in 52 ewes and the results correlated with the postnatal course of the lambs delivered by cesarean section. Viscosity was not related to length of gestation or to the immediate prepartum condition of the ewe, but a definite relationship was found between amniotic fluid viscosity (AFV) and the postnatal course of the fetus. Of 22 lambs considered viable, 9 failed to survive. In 10 of the 13 survivors, AFV was less than 1.6; whereas in the nonsurvivors, AFV varied between 1.6 and 4.4. All of the nonsurvivors experienced respiratory difficulty associated with copious amounts of extremely viscous secretions in the mouth and oropharynx. The substance responsible for the high AFV was a mucoprotein and was detectable in all samples with a viscosity of 1.24 or more but in none with a viscosity below 1.24. The data suggest the possibility that fetal distress may induce qualitative or quantitative alterations of fetal mucous secretions in utero which subsequently could impede lung expansion at birth.

scholarly journals Contaminación con bacterias patógenas de estetoscopios del personal médico en un hospital de nivel III en Lima, Perú

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Enrique Oliva-Menacho ◽  
Marco Antonio García-Hjarles ◽  
José Arturo Oliva-Candela ◽  
Hugo Saturnino De la Cruz-Roca
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Macconkey Agar ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Hospital General

Objetivos: Determinar el grado de contaminación bacteriana con bacterias patógenas de los estetoscopios del personal médico en un hospital general de Lima, Perú. Material y métodos: Estudio de tipo observacional, descriptivo y transversal, realizado en el Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, entre los meses de enero y juniodel 2013. Se estudiaron 124 muestras de estetoscopios del personal médico en las siguientes áreas: UCI 20; neonatología 13; quemados 3; medicina 52; emergencia 36. Se recolectaron las muestras con hisopos humedecidos, en condiciones estériles (En presencia de un mechero de vidrio para alcohol) y luego fueron introducidos en tuboscon preparado de caldo BHI (Infusión cerebro corazón) para ser incubados por 24 horas a 37°C; se cultivó en Agar sangre, Agar MacConkey, Agar manitol y Agar cetrimidepara su posterior determinación de bacterias patógenas por procedimientos bioquímicos ,luego se identificó la susceptibilidad bacteriana con la técnica de Kirby- Bauer. Resultados: De los 124 estetoscopios estudiados; 114 (91,9%) estuvieron contaminados; se aislaron 123 cepasbacterianas: Staphylococcus spp coagulasa negativa 106(86,1%), Staphylococcus aureus 5(4,0%), Enterobacter aerogenes 4 (3,2%), Acinetobacter spp 2(1,6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4(3,2%), Klebsiella Pneumoniae 1(0,8%) y Escherichia coli 1(0,8%). Conclusiones: El aislamiento de bacterias patógenas sugiere que el estetoscopio debe ser considerado como un vector de la infección nosocomial.

Endocrine and metabolic adaptations to pregnancy; impact of obesity

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Hauguel-de Mouzon ◽  
Luciana Lassance
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Metabolic Homeostasis ◽  
Insulin Production ◽  
Successful Pregnancy ◽  
Healthy Pregnancy ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractAdaptations of maternal endocrine and metabolic homeostasis are central to successful pregnancy. They insure that an adequate and continuous supply of metabolic fuels is available for the growing fetus. Healthy pregnancy is classically described as a mild diabetogenic state with significant adjustments in both insulin production and sensitivity. The placenta contributes to the endocrine adaptations to pregnancy through the synthesis of various hormones which may impact insulin action. Obesity has the highest prevalence among metabolic disease in pregnancy. This article summarizes the literature addressing the endocrine and metabolic adaptations implemented during normal pregnancy. Mechanisms of regulation are further examined in the context of maternal obesity.

scholarly journals Assessment of fetal lung maturity using analysis of amniotic fluid from ewes that gave birth prematurely and at term

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1039-1047
Author(s):  
Natália Cristina de Souza ◽  
Fernanda Bovino ◽  
Larissa Gabriella Avilla ◽  
Maurício Deschk ◽  
Jefferson F. Alcindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Lamellar Body ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Lung Maturity

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the lung maturity of premature and full-term lambs by analyzing amniotic fluid using the following methods: Clements test, Nile blue cytology test, hematoxylin-Shorr stain, lamellar body count, and radiographic tests. The use of these methods is intended to identify high-risk newborns and provide immediate clinical intervention after birth. Altogether, 56 animals (24 ewes and 32 lambs) were included in the study and divided into 3 groups. Group I consisted of 8 ewes that were at approximately 145 days of gestation; this group delivered 10 lambs naturally. Group II consisted of 8 ewes that were at 138 days’ gestation; this group delivered 11 lambs by cesarean section. Group III consisted of 8 ewes at 138 days’ gestation; this group was administered intramuscular dexamethasone (16mg/animal) 36 hours prior to a cesarean section. Group III delivered11 lambs. Cytological tests were performed using a microscope with a maximum magnification of 1000x, while the Clements test was visually observed by one of the researchers. Amnioticfluid lamellar body counts were measured using transmission electron microscopy. Among the staining methods, hematoxylin-Shorr was reliable, and Group III had a greater number of orangeophilic cells when compared to Group II, probably due to corticoid administration. The Clements test showed pulmonary maturity in approximately 20% of Group I lambs and Group II showed 9.1% of bubbles; however, Group III had the highest pulmonary maturity percentage (36.4%). The lamellar bodies were measured, and all groups had sizes between 0.019 and 0.590μm. Radiographic evaluation revealed that the majority of lambs presented some level of pulmonary radiodensity, indicating an acinar pattern at birth. These results are in line with the expectations of each group. We found that the normal group showed greater pulmonary maturity, whereas Group II presented pulmonary immaturity, which is expected because this group comprised lambs born prematurely and Group III showed pulmonary maturity almost comparable to the normal delivery group (Group I). This is due to the fact that although these animals are premature, the use of dexamethasone helped in pulmonary maturation. Therefore, these pulmonary maturity tests are considered effective when more than one technique is used and can be used routinely in the care of a pregnant ewe in labor, where a simple collection of amniotic fluid can predict a high-risk pregnancy and alert the veterinarian if the newborn needs intensive supportive treatment.

scholarly journals Role of single and mixed culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia ficaria in utilization of petroleum wastes of Dora- refineries.

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-548
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Agitated Culture ◽  
Growth Of Bacteria ◽  
Better Than

The ability of single and mixed bacterial culture to utilize Dora-refineries petroleum wastes was compared. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia ficaria mixed culture consumed the wastes better than the single bacterial cultures. The highest log. number of viable cells in mixed culture was 6.842 , while in single bacterial cultures it was 6.683 and 5.631, respectively. after 3 days in API medium containing the refinery wastes. The effect of some environmental conditions on the degradation of petroleum wastes was studied included aeration , NaCl concentration , pH and temperature. The growth of bacteria in the agitated culture was higher than stagnant culture the log. of cell no. was 6.021 in the first culture. The highest log. of cell no. stagnant culture was 5.771. Pseudomonas aeruginosa AA22 and Serratia ficaria AA39 were able to grow in medium containing 5 , 7 % NaCl , they favorite pH 7. The mixed culture of the two bacteria grew well of 45 oC.

scholarly journals Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: Descripción de un agente altamente infeccioso

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-118
Author(s):  
Adriana Lisette Daza Hernández ◽  
Héctor Manuel Prado Calleros ◽  
Angélica Contreras Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia es una bacteria oportunista que causa diversos tipos de infecciones asociadas a la atención sanitaria en pacientes debilitados, especialmente en aquellos que previamente han recibido antimicrobianos de amplio espectro. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia se posiciona hoy en día como un patógeno nosocomial de ámbito general, añadiéndose a otros multirresistentes como Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter spp. y Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Presentamos este caso dado que es el primero que encontramos en nuestro servicio, simulando una infección recurrente por micobacterias, con el objetivo de demostrar el protocolo utilizado para diagnóstico y tratamiento; Este germen es poco frecuentemente reportado, siendo todos en inmunosuprimidos o con tratamiento antibiótico prolongado. Este agente infeccioso debe considerarse e incluirse entre los diagnósticos diferenciales de conglomerados ganglionares abscedados. En pacientes con inmunosupresión sospechada o conocida es necesario descartar la presencia de microorganismos oportunistas, para poder proveerle un adecuado diagnóstico y tratamiento específico

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance profiles of microorganisms isolated from hospitalized patients in Dominican Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
David de Luna ◽  
José Javier Sánchez ◽  
Miguel Peguero ◽  
Wilmary García ◽  
Sylmari Liciaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp

Objective. To define the antimicrobial resistance profiles of the microorganisms most commonly isolated from hospitalized adult patients in Dominican Republic (DR). Methods. A retrospective, cross-sectional study of phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility patterns was conducted using data from 3 802 clinical microbiology reports specifying positive bacterial cultures in samples collected from patients admitted to the clinical, surgery, and intensive care units (ICU) at three tertiary-level care hospitals in the city of Santiago de los Caballeros from 1 January 2016 – 31 December 2017. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test (P ≤ 0.05) were used to analyze the qualitative variables. Results. At the three hospitals, there were 932, 1 090, and 1 780 microbiology reports analyzed. Of the total, 1274 were from the ICU, 1 042 from the surgery unit, and 1 486 from the clinical unit. Methicillin resistance was found in 57.3% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates and 75.3% of the coagulase-negative staphylococci. Third-generation cephalosporin resistance was detected in 54.4% of isolates identified as members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, 67.3% of the Acinetobacter spp., and 91.7% of the Pseudomonas, while carbapenem resistance was shown by 8.0%, 23.8%, and 51.0% of these, respectively. Most of the resistant Acinetobacter spp. isolates were found in just one hospital and the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae resistant to carbapenems was highest in the ICU. Conclusion. Antimicrobial resistance levels are high among hospitalized patients in Dominican Republic and may cause enhanced risk factors that impact clinical outcomes. Urgent measures are needed to address antimicrobial resistance in DR.

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