scholarly journals Constant Rate Infusion of Lidocaine, Tumescent Anesthesia and Their Combination in Dogs Undergoing Unilateral Mastectomy

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1280
Author(s):  
Cecilia Vullo ◽  
Adolfo Maria Tambella ◽  
Annastella Falcone ◽  
Gabriele Marino ◽  
Giuseppe Catone
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Constant Rate Infusion ◽  
Analgesic Requirement ◽  
Tumescent Anesthesia ◽  
Ringer’S Solution ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Lactated Ringer's Solution ◽  
Unilateral Mastectomy ◽  
Rate Infusion

Tumescent anesthesia (TUM) is a technique that was initially used to perform liposuction under local anesthesia, which consists of the injection of such large volumes of local anesthetic until to produce swelling and firmness (tumescence) of the surgical area. The aim of this study was to compare the intraoperative analgesic efficacy of lidocaine (LID) constant rate infusion (CRI), of TUM, or their combination (LID/TUM) and the postoperative pain and analgesic requirement in dogs undergoing unilateral mastectomy. Twenty-four dogs were premedicated with dexmedetomidine (3 μg/kg) and methadone (0.2 mg/kg) intravenously (IV). After induction with propofol IV to effect, dogs were randomly allocated to receive a loading dose of lidocaine (2 mg/kg) followed by a CRI of 100 μg/kg/min (Group LID) in addition to an equivalent volume of lactated Ringer’s solution instead of local TUM; a loading dose of lactated Ringer’s solution followed by a CRI of Ringer’s solution in addition to TUM (Group TUM); a loading dose of lidocaine (2 mg/kg) followed by a CRI of 100 μg/kg/min in addition to TUM (Group LID/TUM). Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Postoperative pain scores were assessed once the dogs had fully recovered from the sedative effects, and following 15, 30, 45 and 60 min. The results of the current study allow us to assert that all three treatments provided satisfactory intraoperative antinociceptive effects but administration of LID/TUM induced greater inhibition on sympathetic stimulating effect up to 60 min from recovery, thus, providing better early postoperative pain relief in dogs undergoing mastectomy.

scholarly journals Sedative and analgesic potentials of dexmedetomidine gluconate using constant rate infusion technique in rabbit

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
E. A. O. Sogebi
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Constant Rate Infusion ◽  
Moderate Sedation ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Lactated Ringer's Solution ◽  
Infusion Technique ◽  
Rate Infusion

Rabbits are easily stressed. Stress can be caused by pain, disease, unfamiliar surroundings, transport, rough handling or proximity of potential predators. Thus, this study was conceived to evaluate the effective sedative and analgesic doses of dexmedetomide gluconate in rabbits using the constant rate infusion (CRI) technique. Eight healthy adult New Zealand White rabbits with an average weight of 1.93 ± 0.33kg were used for the study. They were starved of feed for three hours before the experiment but were supplied water sufficiently. The CRI infusion was prepared by adding 1mcgkg-1 into 500mL bags of lactated ringer's solution. Each rabbit received an initial dose of 20mcgkg-1 dexmedetomidine® intramuscularly at the thigh muscle. Venous access was secured fifteen minutes later and the fluid prepared for CRI was connected to the cannular, the fluid was set to flow at daily fluid maintenance rate of 90mlkgday-1 for one hour. The procedure was repeated replacing 20mcgkg-1 with 40mcgkg-1. Neither sedation nor analgesia was achieved with 20mcgkg-1 dexmedetomidine® while 40mcgkg-1 gave mild to moderate sedation, however, no analgesic effect was observed with the two dose regimes. In conclusion, sedation was achieved with 40mcgkg-1 but no analgesic effect was achieved in both doses used.

The effects of a loading dose followed by constant rate infusion of xylazine compared with romifidine on sedation, ataxia and response to stimuli in horses

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone K Ringer ◽  
Karine Portier ◽  
Paul R Torgerson ◽  
Rachel Castagno ◽  
Regula Bettschart-Wolfensberger
Keyword(s):  
Loading Dose ◽  
Constant Rate Infusion ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Rate Infusion

Comparison of cardiopulmonary effects of dexmedetomidine administered as a constant rate infusion without loading dose in sheep and goats anaesthetised with sevoflurane

2007 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine B.R. Kästner ◽  
Jolanda Boller ◽  
Annette P.N. Kutter ◽  
S. Maarit Pakarinen ◽  
Meri P. Ramela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loading Dose ◽  
Constant Rate Infusion ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Rate Infusion

Counterregulation of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in primary hypothyroidism

1986 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-521
Author(s):  
Nina Clausen ◽  
Per-Eric Lins ◽  
Ulf Adamson ◽  
Bertil Hamberger ◽  
Suad Efendić
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Constant Rate Infusion ◽  
Counterregulatory Hormones ◽  
Insulin Metabolism ◽  
Hormonal Responses ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Rate Infusion

Abstract. Hypothyroidism has been alleged to modulate insulin action and influence the secretion of growth hormone and catecholamines. We recently investigated the influence of hypothyroidism on glucose counterregulatory capacity and the hormonal responses to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in 6 patients with primary hypothyroidism (age 32–52 years, TSH-values 66–200 mU/l). Hypoglycaemia was induced in the hypothyroid state and again when the subjects were euthyroid. After an overnight fast a constant rate infusion of insulin (2.4 U/h) was given for 4 h. Glucose was measured every 15 min and insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol every 30 min for 5 h. During insulin infusion somewhat higher concentrations of the hormone were obtained in the hypothyroid state and simultaneously glucose levels were 0.5 mmol/l lower. As expected, basal norepinephrine levels were higher in hypothyroidism. However, no increase in circulating norepinephrine during hypoglycaemia was registered in the two experiments. The responses of counterregulatory hormones showed an enhanced response of cortisol, similar responses of growth hormone and epinephrine while the glucagon response was paradoxically impaired. Our findings suggest that hypothyroidism alters insulin metabolism, and that the glucagon response to hypoglycaemia is impaired in this condition.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a constant rate infusion of fentanyl (5 μg/kg/h) in awake cats

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 716-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Ambros ◽  
Jane Alcorn ◽  
Tanya Duke-Novakovski ◽  
Alexander Livingston ◽  
Patricia M. Dowling
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽  
Constant Rate Infusion ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Awake Cats ◽  
Rate Infusion

Anaesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of a constant-rate infusion of alfaxalone in desflurane-anaesthetised sheep

2012 ◽  
Vol 171 (5) ◽  
pp. 125-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. del Mar Granados ◽  
J. Manuel Domínguez ◽  
A. Fernández-Sarmiento ◽  
F. Javier Funes ◽  
J. Morgaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constant Rate Infusion ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Rate Infusion
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