scholarly journals Humane Slaughter of Edible Decapod Crustaceans

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1089
Author(s):  
Francesca Conte ◽  
Eva Voslarova ◽  
Vladimir Vecerek ◽  
Robert William Elwood ◽  
Paolo Coluccio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
The Public ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Increasing Demand

Vast numbers of crustaceans are produced by aquaculture and caught in fisheries to meet the increasing demand for seafood and freshwater crustaceans. Simultaneously, the public is increasingly concerned about current methods employed in their handling and killing. Recent evidence has shown that decapod crustaceans probably have the capacity to suffer because they show responses consistent with pain and have a relatively complex cognitive capacity. For these reasons, they should receive protection. Despite the large numbers of crustaceans transported and slaughtered, legislation protecting their welfare, by using agreed, standardized methods, is lacking. We review various stunning and killing systems proposed for crustaceans, and assess welfare concerns. We suggest the use of methods least likely to cause suffering and call for the implementation of welfare guidelines covering the slaughter of these economically important animals.

Trends Shaping Public Sector Transformation: Knowledge Management, E-Government and Enterprise Architecture

2009 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. McNabb ◽  
J. Thad Barnowe
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Enterprise Architecture ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
The Public ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Government Workers

This paper examines three converging trends in the public sector in the early years of the 21st century: the loss of critical knowledge due to large numbers of retiring government workers, the increasing demand for information and communications technology needed to maintain growth in the scale and scope of e-government, and the requirement to parlay investments in enterprise architecture into effective knowledge management and service delivery efficiency. It includes brief historical reviews of each of these trends, their implementation, and how they are being integrated into initiatives for transforming governments from reactive, bureaucratic systems to visionary, proactive, market-oriented learning organisations. The paper concludes with a discussion of the role played by changes in public sector organisational cultures in successfully addressing these three trends and achieving goals of transformation.

scholarly journals The potential dangers of not understanding COVID-19 public health restrictions in dementia: “It’s a groundhog day – every single day she does not understand why she can’t go out for a walk”

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa Giebel ◽  
Kerry Hanna ◽  
Manoj Rajagopal ◽  
Aravind Komuravelli ◽  
Jacqueline Cannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Third Sector Organisations ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Second Wave

Abstract Background Sudden public health restrictions can be difficult to comprehend for people with cognitive deficits. However, these are even more important for them to adhere to due to their increased levels of vulnerability, particularly to COVID-19. With a lack of previous evidence, we explored the understanding and changes in adherence to COVID-19 public health restrictions over time in people living with dementia (PLWD). Methods Unpaid carers and PLWD were interviewed over the phone in April 2020, shortly after the nationwide UK lockdown, with a proportion followed up from 24th June to 10th July. Participants were recruited via social care and third sector organisations across the UK, and via social media. Findings A total of 70 interviews (50 baseline, 20 follow-up) were completed with unpaid carers and PLWD. Five themes emerged: Confusion and limited comprehension; Frustration and burden; Putting oneself in danger; Adherence to restrictions in wider society; (Un) changed perceptions. Most carers reported limited to no understanding of the public health measures in PLWD, causing distress and frustration for both the carer and the PLWD. Due to the lack of understanding, some PLWD put themselves in dangerous situations without adhering to the restrictions. PLWD with cognitive capacity who participated understood the measures and adhered to these. Discussion In light of the new second wave of the pandemic, public health measures need to be simpler for PLWD to avoid unwilful non-adherence. Society also needs to be more adaptive to the needs of people with cognitive disabilities more widely, as blanket rules cause distress to the lives of those affected by dementia.

RELIGIOUS CHANGE AND THE TIMING OF BAPTISM IN ENGLAND, 1538–1750

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. KITSON
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Religious Change ◽  
Public Performance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Medieval Church ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Common Prayer

ABSTRACTThe religious reforms of the sixteenth century exerted a profound impact upon the liturgy of baptism in England. While historians' attention has been drawn to the theological debates concerning the making of the sign of the cross, the new baptism liturgy contained within the Book of common prayer also placed an innovative importance on the public performance of the rite in the presence of the whole congregation on Sundays and other holy days. Both religious radicals and conservatives contested this stress on ceremony and publicity throughout the early modern period. Through the collection of large numbers of baptism dates from parish registers, it is possible to measure adherence to these new requirements across both space and time. Before the introduction of the first prayer book in 1549, there was considerable uniformity among communities in terms of the timing of baptism, and the observed patterns are suggestive of conformity to the requirements of the late medieval church. After the mid-sixteenth century, parishes exhibited a range of responses, ranging from enthusiastic adoption by many communities to complete disregard in religiously conservative parts of Lancashire and Cheshire. Additionally, the popularity of saints' festivals as popular days for baptism fell markedly after 1660, suggesting a decline in the observance of these feasts.

scholarly journals Ageing well in public housing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie Faulkner ◽  
Julia Verdouw ◽  
Peta Cook ◽  
Selina Tually ◽  
Edgar Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Increasing Demand

This research examines the policy and practice issues raised by increasing demand for public housing among older Australians, and how public housing authorities can support older tenants to age well. People aged 55 years and over now comprise 35 per cent of public housing tenants nationally, in the coming years it is expected the demand on the public housing system from lower income older households will increase significantly.

Financial Access to Care Does Not Guarantee Better Care for Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-508
Author(s):  
Arthur F. Kohrman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Health Care Reform ◽  
Vulnerable Children ◽  
Financial Access ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Care System

The thoughtful and cautionary pieces by Newacheck et al1 and Perrin et al2 remind us of how much we have achieved in piecing together care for vulnerable children, how far there is yet to go, and how the transition to the long-overdue health care reform might worsen, rather than improve our present arrangements. In the absence of a rational, planned care system for children, especially for those who are poor or who require extensive services, pediatricians and child advocates in both the public and private sectors have managed to cobble together at least the possibility of decent services for large numbers of children, with some payment to those who provide those services.

scholarly journals Religious Community Responses to the Public Policy of the Indonesian Government Related to the covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 273-283
Author(s):  
Amos Sukamto ◽  
S. Panca Parulian
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Holy Communion ◽  
The Public ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Pentecostal Churches

Abstract The purpose of this article is to analyze religious responses to the policy of Indonesian government in dealing with the covid-19 pandemic. Article 4 of Government Regulation (PP) No. 21/2020 mentions restrictions on religious activities. The response of the religious community to this government policy was varied. The Council of Indonesian Ulama, Majelis Ulama Indonesia (mui), issued several fatwas containing a ban on worship involving large numbers of people. A small group of fanatic Muslims initially opposed the policy, but eventually followed it. Among Protestants, the mainstream and Pentecostal churches under the Communion of Churches in Indonesia (pgi) are highly coordinated with government regulations. Some Pentecostal churches attempted to continue holding worship together for reasons of holy communion, but eventually they followed government regulations. The Catholic church followed government regulations consistently.

Crowdsourcing Investigations

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea H. Tapia ◽  
Nicolas J. LaLone
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Social Approval ◽  
Online Groups ◽  
The Public ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Boston Marathon Bombing ◽  
Boston Marathon

In this paper the authors illustrate the ethical dilemmas that arise when large public investigations in a crisis are crowdsourced. The authors focus the variations in public opinion concerning the actions of two online groups during the immediate aftermath of the Boston Marathon Bombing. These groups collected and organized relief for victims, collected photos and videos taken of the bombing scene and created online mechanisms for the sharing and analysis of images collected online. They also used their large numbers and the affordances of the Internet to produce an answer to the question, “who was the perpetrator, and what kind of bomb was used?” The authors view their actions through public opinion, through sampling Twitter and applying a sentiment analysis to this data. They use this tool to pinpoint moments during the crisis investigation when the public became either more positively or negatively inclined toward the actions of the online publics. The authors use this as a surrogate, or proxy, for social approval or disapproval of their actions, which exposes large swings in public emotion as ethical lines are crossed by online publics.

Swiss HLw Research Programme: Key Research Areas

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. McCombie
Keyword(s):  
Research Programme ◽  
Geologic Repository ◽  
Safe Disposal ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Technical Community ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Research Programmes

The increased emphasis put upon disposal of HLW in recent years led to the growth of large numbers of research programmes in many countries. Many results of this research have flowed into projects developing and analysing geologic repository concepts; the basic feasibility of implementing safe disposal facilities is now generally accepted by the technical community (though not always by the public!)

Fear and loathing in the community: sexual offenders and desistance in a climate of risk and ‘extreme othering’

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacky Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Sex Offender ◽  
The Public ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Master Status ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mainstream Society

This chapter focuses attention on sex offenders who, perhaps more than any other 'type' of offender, have been systematically vilified, demonised, and ostracised from mainstream society. The author argues that, for once, the public, the media, the government, and – worryingly – large numbers of professionals seem to be in agreement that such 'othering' is entirely right and proper in what are seen to be the larger interests of public protection. The author explores the implications of this deeply entrenched culture for ‘would-be desisters’ and suggests ways forward that offer individuals opportunities to uncouple from the ‘master status’ of sex offender and to build positive social networks.

Health reform seeks broad improvements in Chile

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Reform ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Systems ◽  
Sick People ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Improve Access

Subject Health reform in Chile. Significance On April 22, President Sebastian Pinera announced two initiatives to reform Chile’s private and public health systems. The first would end years of discrimination and spiralling costs for affiliates of private health insurers, known as ISAPREs. The second aims to improve access and coverage for users of the national health service by strengthening the role of FONASA, the institution which finances the public health system. Impacts Greater competition may deepen the controversial concern that ISAPREs “cannot afford to incorporate sick people”. Fiscal revenues will fall if affiliates leave FONASA in large numbers, as expected. The delay for new ISAPRE members to access all benefits has been called discriminatory and will be a focus of debate in Congress.

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