scholarly journals Usefulness of Maternal and Fetal Parameters for the Prediction of Parturition Date in Dogs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Giulia Siena ◽  
Chiara Milani
Keyword(s):  
Lung Development ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Breeding Date ◽  
Fetal Lung Development ◽  
Fetal Maturity ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Parturition Date ◽  
Professional Assistance ◽  
Ultrasonographic Assessment ◽  
Selection Of

An accurate parturition timing is of key importance for breeders and veterinarians in order to give professional assistance to parturition in dogs. However, pregnancy length calculated from the breeding date has a wide variability. Different parameters and formulas have been described and calculated, as well as their accuracy which is affected by various factors: stage of pregnancy, litter and maternal size. Therefore, the selection of the most appropriate parameter panel poses the challenge of weighing their influences and impact on the overall accuracy. The aim of this review is to analyze the parameters useful for parturition timing, especially their accuracy, and to propose the addition of fetal maturity and criteria for its evaluation to detect readiness for parturition. Parameters, as described in literature, are classified as: (i) maternal parameters, (ii) fetal parameters, (iii) ultrasonographic assessment of maternal and fetal heart rate and blood flow, (iv) parameters indicating fetal maturity. A focus on recently described parameters—such as fetal gastrointestinal motility and fetal lung development detected by quantitative ultrasound—is reported. Currently, the most accurate way to predict parturition day is represented by a prepartum progesterone drop, but the identification of a panel of ultrasonographic parameters combining their significance and their accuracy throughout pregnancy is still needed.

Fetal lung development via quantitative biomarkers from diffusion MRI and histological validation in rhesus macaques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nara S. Higano ◽  
Xuefeng Cao ◽  
Jinbang Guo ◽  
Xiaojie Wang ◽  
Christopher D. Kroenke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Development ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Fetal Lung Development ◽  
Histological Validation

scholarly journals In utero administration of GABA promotes fetal lung development

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendranath Reddy Chintagari ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Dong Xi ◽  
Lin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Development ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Fetal Lung Development

scholarly journals MicroRNA-127 modulates fetal lung development

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Bhaskaran ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Honghao Zhang ◽  
Tingting Weng ◽  
Pradyumna Baviskar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Lung Development ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Mirna Microarray ◽  
Mirna Expression Pattern ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Fetal Lung Development ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Lung Organ Culture

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous RNAs and are widely regarded as one of the most important regulators of gene expression in both plants and animals. To define the roles of miRNAs in fetal lung development, we profiled the miRNA expression pattern during lung development with a miRNA microarray. We identified 21 miRNAs that showed significant changes in expression during lung development. These miRNAs were grouped into four distinct clusters based on their expression pattern. Cluster 1 contained miRNAs whose expression increased as development progressed, while clusters 2 and 3 showed the opposite trend of expression. miRNAs in cluster 4 including miRNA-127 (miR-127) had the highest expression at the late stage of fetal lung development. Quantitative real-time PCR validated the microarray results of six selected miRNAs. In situ hybridization demonstrated that miR-127 expression gradually shifted from mesenchymal cells to epithelial cells as development progressed. Overexpression of miR-127 in fetal lung organ culture significantly decreased the terminal bud count, increased terminal and internal bud sizes, and caused unevenness in bud sizes, indicating improper development. These findings suggest that miR-127 may have an important role in fetal lung development.

Glucocorticoids upregulate tropoelastin expression during late stages of fetal lung development

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (3) ◽  
pp. L491-L500 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Pierce ◽  
W. I. Mariencheck ◽  
S. Sandefur ◽  
E. C. Crouch ◽  
W. C. Parks
Keyword(s):  
Lung Development ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Protein ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Fetal Lung Development ◽  
Chloramphenicol Acetyl Transferase Activity

The production of elastin, an essential extracellular matrix protein of terminal airway interstitium, occurs mostly during early development. Because glucocorticoids influence airway maturation, we studied the effect of dexamethasone (Dex) on tropoelastin expression during fetal lung development. Timed-pregnant rats were treated with Dex (1 mg/kg daily), and fetal lungs were collected 3 days later at 17, 19, and 21 days of gestation. Dex treatment resulted in about a threefold increase in tropoelastin mRNA levels at 19 days concomitant with accelerated airway development. By in situ hybridization, Dex treatment increased the number of tropoelastin-expressing cells and the level of tropoelastin mRNA per cell. In organ culture, Dex increased lung tropoelastin expression and augmented cortisol stimulation of tropoelastin expression. In fetal pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, 10(-8) M Dex upregulated tropoelastin mRNA expression and increased tropoelastin promoter-chloramphenicol acetyl transferase activity in transient transfections. These data indicate that pharmacologically administered glucocorticoids transcriptionally upregulate fetal lung tropoelastin expression and suggest that steroid hormones may be important regulators of elastin production in vivo.

The Biochemistry of Fetal Lung Development

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell J. Kresch ◽  
Ian Gross
Keyword(s):  
Lung Development ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Fetal Lung Development
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