scholarly journals Honey Bee Proteolytic System and Behavior Parameters under the Influence of an Electric Field at 50 Hz and Variable Intensities for a Long Exposure Time

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 863
Author(s):  
Paweł Migdał ◽  
Agnieszka Murawska ◽  
Aneta Strachecka ◽  
Paweł Bieńkowski ◽  
Adam Roman
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Behavioral Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alkaline Proteases ◽  
Proteolytic System ◽  
Wing Movement ◽  
And Behavior

The effect of an artificial electromagnetic field on organisms is a subject of extensive public debate and growing numbers of studies. Our study aimed to show the effect of an electromagnetic field at 50 Hz and variable intensities on honey bee proteolytic systems and behavior parameters after 12 h of exposure. Newly emerged worker bees were put into cages and exposed to a 50 Hz E-field with an intensity of 5.0 kV/m, 11.5 kV/m, 23.0 kV/m, or 34.5 kV/m. After 12 h of exposure, hemolymph samples were taken for protease analysis, and the bees were recorded for behavioral analysis. Six behaviors were chosen for observation: walking, flying, self-grooming, contact between individuals, stillness, and wing movement. Bees in the control group demonstrated the highest number of all behavior occurrences, except flying, and had the lowest protease activity. Bees in the experimental groups showed a lower number of occurrences of walking, self-grooming, and contacts between individuals than the control bees and had significantly higher protease activity than the control bees (except that of alkaline proteases in the 23.0 kV/m group).

TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE OF “BIOSOLBI” DRUG

1970 ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
E. K. Rakhmatullin ◽  
O. D. Sklyarov
Keyword(s):  
Drug Toxicity ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Water Ingestion ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Purebred Dogs

The article presents the results of a study of the "Bisolbi" drug toxicity (powder of light ash color, poorly soluble in water). When it is mixed with water it forms a suspension of particles that settle rapidly. Values of acute drug toxicity were determined on rats. We studied groups of six animals of the same sex, as well as similar control ones. The "Bisolbi" drug was injected to white rats intragastrically, males weighing 310 ... 320 g in doses of 2500 and 2740 mg / kg. Each dose was used in six animals; distilled water (3 ml) was used for the controls. The LD50 was calculated by the probit analysis method proposed by Litchfield and Wilcoxon modified by Z. Roth. When administered orally, an atraumatic metal probe was immersed in the stomach. Within 14 days monitored the overall health status and behavior of animals, the manifestation or absence of symptoms of intoxication; noted the features of feed and water ingestion, assessed the condition of the coat, physiological functions. Then groups of experimental rats were euthanized and pathomorphologically examined. We studied the effect of "Bisolbi" with repeated introduction and on not purebred dogs. Two groups of 3-4 years of age were completed with an average initial body weight of 13.63 ... 15.11 kg. Before use, the additive was thoroughly mixed with feed. The drug was injected during 31 days at a dose of 0.5 g / kg. Dogs of the control group (three) were fed wheat flour. After 15 and 31 days in laboratory animals in order to characterize the general condition in the blood, the amount of protein, urea, glucose, creatinine, cholesterol were determined. Based on studies it was found that the drug daily application by animals, is low toxic and safe, does not provoke the development of pathological reactions. According to the Hodge and Sterner classification "Bisolbi" can be attributed to the 6th class of toxicity - relatively harmless. Accordingto GOST 12.1.007-76 LD50 of the drug is more than 151 mg / kg, but less than 5000 mg / kg it is the 3rd hazard class (moderately hazardous).

scholarly journals Cannabis Extract Has a Positive–Immunostimulating Effect through Proteolytic System and Metabolic Compounds of Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera) Workers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2190
Author(s):  
Patrycja Skowronek ◽  
Łukasz Wójcik ◽  
Aneta Strachecka
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Proteolytic System ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Administration Method ◽  
Cannabis Extract ◽  
Compound Concentration ◽  
Experimental Group

In the study, we assessed the effect of hemp extract on activities of resistance parameters and the metabolic compound concentration in adult workers’ hemolymph. Bees were divided into the following groups: (1) control group fed with mixture of sugar and water-glycerine solution, (2) experimental group with pure sugar syrup and inside with cotton strips soaked with hemp extract, (3) experimental group with a mixture of sugar syrup with hemp extract. Hemp extracts caused an increase in the protein concentrations and reduced the protease activities regardless of the administration method. The protease inhibitor activities were decreased only in the group that received hemp extract on the strips. The biomarker activities (ALP, ALT, AST) increased from the control group and workers feeding extract in syrup and decreased in workers supplemented with the extract on strips. In young, 2-day-old workers, the glucose concentration was higher in the groups feeding with the extract than in the control. Hemp extract influenced an increase in urea concentrations in workers’ hemolymph in comparison with the control. The hemp supplementation positively influences the immune system of workers, and the appropriate method of administration may be adapted to the health problems of bees.

scholarly journals Sublethal concentrations of clothianidin affect honey bee colony growth and hive CO2 concentration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Meikle ◽  
John J. Adamczyk ◽  
Milagra Weiss ◽  
Janie Ross ◽  
Chris Werle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Brood Production ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bee Colonies

AbstractThe effects of agricultural pesticide exposure upon honey bee colonies is of increasing interest to beekeepers and researchers, and the impact of neonicotinoid pesticides in particular has come under intense scrutiny. To explore potential colony-level effects of a neonicotinoid pesticide at field-relevant concentrations, honey bee colonies were fed 5- and 20-ppb concentrations of clothianidin in sugar syrup while control colonies were fed unadulterated syrup. Two experiments were conducted in successive years at the same site in southern Arizona, and one in the high rainfall environment of Mississippi. Across all three experiments, adult bee masses were about 21% lower among colonies fed 20-ppb clothianidin than the untreated control group, but no effects of treatment on brood production were observed. Average daily hive weight losses per day in the 5-ppb clothianidin colonies were about 39% lower post-treatment than in the 20-ppb clothianidin colonies, indicating lower consumption and/or better foraging, but the dry weights of newly-emerged adult bees were on average 6–7% lower in the 5-ppb group compared to the other groups, suggesting a nutritional problem in the 5-ppb group. Internal hive CO2 concentration was higher on average in colonies fed 20-ppb clothianidin, which could have resulted from greater CO2 production and/or reduced ventilating activity. Hive temperature average and daily variability were not affected by clothianidin exposure but did differ significantly among trials. Clothianidin was found to be, like imidacloprid, highly stable in honey in the hive environment over several months.

Cervicogenic Headache: Lack of Influence of Pregnancy

Cephalalgia ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 667-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Sjaastad ◽  
TA Fredriksen
Keyword(s):  
International Headache Society ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
International Study ◽  
Cervicogenic Headache ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Head Pain ◽  
International Study Group ◽  
A Minor

The influence of pregnancy upon the head pain of cervicogenic headache (CEH) has been studied in 14 patients (number of pregnancies 25). Migraine was used as control group ( n = 49; number of pregnancies 116). CEH was diagnosed according to The Cervicogenic Headache International Study Group guidelines. Migraine was diagnosed according to International Headache Society (IHS) guidelines; a further requirement was that at least eight of nine solitary IHS diagnostic requirements of migraine were present. In 79%—or more—of CEH patients, attacks seemed to appear just as usual during pregnancy; in one patient, attacks stopped completely, and in two there may have been a minor reduction of attacks. A significantly lower number of migraine patients (up to 18%) were more or less uninfluenced by pregnancy (CEH vs. migraine P < 0.0001, X2 test). The lack of response to pregnancy may be a sort of biological marker in CEH. It may also help in clinically distinguishing CEH from migraine when CEH starts early in life, i.e. prior to pregnancies.

Celebrity Endorsements and Voter Emotions: Evidence From Two Experiments

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Nownes
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Control Group ◽  
General Notion ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Hillary Clinton ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
Celebrity Endorsements ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Presidential Election Campaign

Here, I report the results of two randomized, posttest only, control group, survey experiments in which respondents were exposed to factual information about celebrity support for Hillary Clinton during the 2016 presidential election campaign. Based on previous research, I hypothesize that celebrity endorsements will affect the emotions of enthusiasm, anger, and anxiety vis-à-vis Secretary Clinton. My results provide support for the general notion that celebrity endorsements can affect voter emotions. Specifically, I find that celebrity endorsements profoundly decreased the negative emotions of anger and anxiety vis-à-vis Secretary Clinton. My research suggests that a broad range of stimuli may affect voter emotions, which in turn affect political attitudes and behavior.

Effects of 900 MHz electromagnetic field emitted by cellular phones on electrocardiograms of guinea pigs

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Meral ◽  
Y Tekintangac ◽  
H Demir
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cellular Phones ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Direct Writing ◽  
Separate Room ◽  
Chart Speed ◽  
Cardiovascular Functions

This study was carried out to determine the effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by cellular phones (CPs) on electrocardiograms (ECGs) of guinea pigs. A total of 30 healthy guinea pigs weighing 500–800 g were used. After 1 week of adaptation period, animals were randomly divided into two groups: control group ( n = 10) and EMF-exposed group ( n = 20). Control guinea pigs were housed in a separate room without exposing them to EMFs of CPs. Animals in second group were exposed to 890–915 MHz EMF (217 Hz of pulse rate, 2 W of maximum peak power and 0.95 wt kg−1 of specific absorption rate) for 12 h day−1 (11 h 45 min stand-by and 15 min speaking mode) for 30 days. ECGs of guinea pigs in both the groups were recorded by a direct writing electrocardiograph at the beginning and 10th, 20th and 30th days of the experiment. All ECGs were standardized at 1 mV = 10 mm and with a chart speed of 50 mm sec−1. Leads I, II, III, lead augmented vector right (aVR), lead augmented vector left (aVL) and lead augmented vector foot (aVF) were recorded. The durations and amplitudes of waves on the trace were measured in lead II. The data were expressed as mean with SEM. It was found that 12 h day−1 EMF exposure for 30 days did not have any significant effects on ECG findings of guinea pigs. However, this issue needed to be further investigated in a variety of perspectives, such as longer duration of exposure to be able to elucidate the effects of mobile phone-induced EMFs on cardiovascular functions.

Evaluation of an Educational Intervention upon Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior concerning Drinking/Drugged Driving

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Kooler ◽  
William H. Bruvold
Keyword(s):  
Educational Program ◽  
Program Assessment ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Driving Under The Influence ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Drugged Driving ◽  
Offense Severity ◽  
Risky Alcohol ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

The Contra Costa County educational program for juveniles found guilty of driving under the influence (DUI) was evaluated. Over 600 juveniles convicted of DUI from 1983 to 1988 formed the study group for this research and of these over 100 participated in the educational program. Assessment of program participants was conducted for knowledge, attitudes and behavior. Participants demonstrated increased knowledge, stronger attitudes against driving under the influence, and less risky alcohol and automobile related behaviors. County juvenile records analyzed by the logit procedure showed that class participants had a significantly lower number of repeat offenses compared to non-program participants that could not be explained by race, offense severity, age or gender.

The Influence of the Research-based Monograph Book to Improve Pre-Service Teachers’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-302
Author(s):  
S. D. Suryani ◽  
M. Amin ◽  
F. Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Literacy ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Knowledge Domain ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Literacy Knowledge ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This study intends to analyze the influence of the research-based monograph book as a learning resource to improve pre-service teachers’ knowledge, attitudes, and behavior towards the environment. This study is a quasi-experimental study using the Nonequivalent Control Group design. The research sample is 67 pre-service biology teachers using Cluster Sampling. Data were collected using environmental literacy instruments and analyzed descriptively and using the ANCOVA test. The results of the ANCOVA test showed that there was a significant effect on the use of the monograph book on environmental literacy. Knowledge domain obtained 0.047, attitude domain 0.186, and behavioral field 0.986 This research concludes that using the monograph book in learning affects aspects of ecological and environmental knowledge. Nevertheless, it has not had a significant effect on parts of attitude and behavior.

Hostility, Impulsivity, and Behavior Inhibition Among Women with PMDD

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-Yu Yen ◽  
Cheng-Chung Chen ◽  
Shun-Jen Chang ◽  
Chih-Hung Ko ◽  
Cheng-Sheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dysfunctional Impulsivity ◽  
Behavior Inhibition System ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Behavior Inhibition

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to compare hostility, impulsivity, and behavior inhibition between women with and without premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) during both luteal and follicular phases and to examine whether these variables contribute to irritability and daily functional impairment of PMDD.MethodsPMDD was screened via the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool. A diagnosis of PMDD was confirmed by psychiatric interviewing without 2-month prospective confirmation. Sixty women in the PMDD group and 60 women in the control group completed the Chinese Version of the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory-Short Form, Dickman's Impulsivity Inventory, and the Behavior Inhibition System Scale during the luteal and follicular phases.ResultsWe found that the PMDD group had significantly higher levels of hostility, dysfunctional impulsivity, and behavioral inhibition than the control group in both luteal and follicular phases. The PMDD group also had more premenstrual aggravation on total hostility, hostility affect, and suppressive hostility than the control group. Higher hostility, dysfunctional impulsivity, and behavior inhibition were associated with more severe irritability and functional impairment of PMDD.DiscussionHostility, impulsivity, and behavior inhibition might contribute to irritability and functional impairment in women with PMDD.ConclusionAssessment and interventions based on these factors should be provided for women with PMDD, especially in the luteal phase.

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