scholarly journals Immunocastration in Gilts: A Preliminary Study of the Effect of the Second Dose Administration Time on Growth, Reproductive Tract Development, and Carcass and Meat Quality

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Leticia Pérez-Ciria ◽  
Giuseppe Carcò ◽  
Francisco Javier Miana-Mena ◽  
Olga Mitjana ◽  
María Victoria Falceto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Large White ◽  
Dose Administration ◽  
Dry Cured Ham ◽  
Administration Time ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Optimum Application

Increasing fatness and avoiding puberty are desirable in gilts intended for high-quality dry-cured ham production. A total of 48 Duroc x (Landrace x Large White) females of 26.5 ± 3.70 kg body weight (BW) were used to evaluate the impact of immunocastration and to find the optimum application time of the second dose for immunocastration on growth; sex hormones; reproductive tract development; and carcass, meat, and fat quality. Gilts were allocated to four experimental treatments (n = 12): control (entire gilts, EG) and immunocastrated gilts (IG), providing the second dose at 12, 9, or 7 weeks before slaughter (with approximately 60, 75, or 90 kg BW, respectively). Mean slaughter BW was 125 kg. Immunocastrated gilts had lighter reproductive tracts and greater fat thickness than EG. Fat from IG was more saturated and less polyunsaturated than that from EG. Numerically, gilts immunocastrated 9 and 12 weeks before slaughter presented higher fatness than those immunocastrated 7 weeks before slaughter. In conclusion, immunocastration is a good strategy to improve the fatness of gilts destined to dry-cured ham elaboration, with the optimum time for the second dose application seemingly between 9 and 12 weeks before slaughter.

A comparison of female and castrate pigs slaughtered at weights above and below 120 kg on carcass traits, intramuscular fat and fatty acid composition of carcasses intended for dry-cured ham and shoulder production

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1923 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Latorre ◽  
A. Olivares ◽  
A. Callejo ◽  
A. I. Rey ◽  
L. Pérez-Ciria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Large White ◽  
Growth Coefficient ◽  
Dry Cured Ham ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intramuscular Fat Content

The objective of this trial was to study the impact of slaughter weight (SW) class: heavy (≥120 kg) or light (<120 kg) on carcass fatness, development of main lean cuts and fat composition in barrows and gilts intended for dry-cured ham and shoulder elaboration. A total of 181 Duroc × (Landrace × Large White) pigs was used, being 94 barrows and 87 gilts. Carcasses from barrows had lower ham compactness but higher shoulder:ham weight ratio than those from gilts. The allometric growth coefficient of ham was higher in gilts whereas those for shoulder, loin and shoulder/ham were higher in barrows. An interaction sex × SW class was found for carcass fatness; the increase of fat thickness was higher in barrows than in gilts in light SW class but higher in gilts than in barrows in heavy SW class. In addition, the allometric growth coefficients for ham, loin and shoulder:ham ratio were higher in light than in heavy pigs. Percentage of rejected carcasses at slaughterhouse, due to lack of fat thickness, was higher for females than for barrows and for light than for heavy pigs. Sex and SW class had no effect on intramuscular fat content. However, more saturation was found in fat (intramuscular) from barrows and in that (subcutaneous) from light pigs. It can be concluded that carcasses from barrows are commercially more suitable than those from gilts and heavy SW might be more interesting when animals are intended for Teruel dry-cured ham and shoulder production.

scholarly journals Variation of traits of fatteners under the impact of various factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gogic ◽  
M. Petrovic ◽  
C. Radovic ◽  
B. Zivkovic ◽  
D. Radojkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Large White ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Offspring Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sire Breed ◽  
Fattening Pigs

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the sire breed, sire within sire breed, genotype of fatteners, gender of fatteners, gender within sire breed, season of birth of fatteners and mass of warm carcass side on the following traits: back fat thickness - middle of the back (DSL), back fat thickness - lower back (DSK), meat yield of carcass sides (JUSKG) and percentage/share of meat in carcass sides (JUSPRO). The research was conducted in the experimental slaughterhouse and laboratory of the Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, and included females and castrated male animals. Sires of fatteners were pure breeds: Swedish Landrace (SL, n = 10), Large White (LW, n = 3) and Pietrain (P, n = 3), while the offspring belonged to the following genotypes: pure breed - Swedish Landrace (SL, n=252), and crosses of Large White ? Swedish Landrace (LW ? SL) (n=170), Pietrain ? Swedish Landrace (P ? SL) (n=13), [Pietrain ? (Large White ? Swedish Landrace)] P ? (LW ? SL) (n=35), [Swedish Landrace ? (Large White ? Swedish Landrace)] SL ? (LW ? SL) (n=33) and [Large White ? (Large White ? Swedish Landrace)] LW ? (LW ? SL) (n=33). The study included total 536 offspring of which 276 are male castrated and 260 female animals. In the winter 24 piglets were born, in the spring 95, in the summer 148 and autumn 269 piglets. It was established that the sire within sire breed Pietrain (S:P) does not affect the variation of the studied traits of fattening pigs (P>0.05); sire within sire breed Swedish Landrace (S:SL) does not affect the varying of the trait JUSPRO (P>0.05); season of birth within the Model 1 does not affect the traits yield and share of meat (P>0.05); the offspring gender within genotype (Gender : Genotype) does not affect the variation of fat thickness at the centre of the back (P>0.05). All other factors (sire breed, sire within the sire breed - Large White, gender and genotype of fattening pigs, gender within sire breed, the mass of warm carcass side, and also birth season of fattening pigs in the Model 2) included in the models showed statistically significant impact on the variability of traits of fattening pigs (P<0.05; P<0.01 and P<0.001).

scholarly journals The Effect of Crossing the Native Złotnicka Spott Ed Pigs with Other Breeds on Slaughter Value of Fatt Eners and Quality of Dry-Cured Meat Products

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-299
Author(s):  
Piotr Janiszewski ◽  
Eugenia Grześkowiak ◽  
Karolina Szulc ◽  
Karol Borzuta ◽  
Dariusz Lisiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
Large White ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Dry Cured Ham ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Chemical Traits

Abstract The dry-cured necks and hams produced from the meat of Złotnicka Spotted (ZS) pigs and their crossbreds with Duroc and Polish Large White, were tested. The slaughter value of the fatteners was determined (lean meat content, backfat thickness, area of the loin cross-section). The water, fat, protein and NaCl content was established in the final products. The meat colour (L* a* b*) and pH were measured. The final products were subjected to sensory evaluation and ranked on the scale of 1-5 points. Crossing the Złotnicka Spotted with the PLW resulted in higher lean meat content by approx. 4 percentage points (p.p.) and in thinner back fat thickness by 0.6 cm. Dry-cured ham produced from the meat of different fattener groups did not differ significantly in terms of physico-chemical traits as well as sensory traits. The sensory characteristics of both ham and neck received high scores (on average above 4.5 points). It was found that the tested products differed in terms of chemical content. The dry-cured necks contained approx. 19.45% of fat in the group of the ZS × PLW crossbreds whereas in other groups this figure was 2 to 6 p.p. higher. The dry-cured ham that was produced was based on the meat of purebred pigs containing 3 to 4.6 p.p. less fat compared to the crossbreds with the Duroc. The research proved that crossing the ZS with PLW and Duroc did not make the quality of the dry-cured products deteriorate.

COMPERATIVE STUDY OF THE REGULATIES OF FAT DEPOSIT IN THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF TRUNK OF YOUNG PIGS OF THE LARGE WHITE AND MYRGOROD BREEDS

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
I. V. Khatko ◽  
A. O. Onyshchenko ◽  
V. O. Vovk ◽  
T. M. Konks
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Thoracic Vertebra ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Parts

The modern state of social-economic processes development demands increasing the level of food safety of the state, especially providing population by the high quality foods of domestic production, specifically by pork. One of criteria for estimating pigs' meatness is determining the fat thickness in different points of a trunk. The informative content of measuring in different parts of a trunk is different and it needs detailed study. The fat thickness is the most common as trait for pigs' meatness in the practice of pig breeding because it has high correlation with meat yield in carcasses. The aim of our research was the comparative study of fat deposition regularities in different parts of a trunk of Large White and Mirgorod pigs in different age periods. For conducting researches 24 pigs of both breeds with average live weight about 40 kg and at age not more 4 months were selected. The fat thickness was measured at live animals using ultrasonic device Draminski in such points: on withers, the level of the 6-7th thoracic vertebra, the level of the 1st-2nd loins vertebra and sacrum. Measuring the fat thickness was carried out at the age of 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 months. During researches it was carried out the statistical processing of obtained material. Reliability of obtained indexes of productivity was determined. Regularities of formatting fat thickness and fat deposition rate depending on the age were studied. For the results of researches it has been studied and compared economically valuable traits of the most spread domestic pigs of Large White and Mirgorod breeds. By comparative study of growth and development of young pigs of experimental and control groups it has been found that animals of Large White breed differed by lesser fat deposits in all points of measuring. Thus, at 6-months’ age they had lesser thickness of fat in all parts of a trunk. More expressed tendency was at withers and the level of the 6-7th thoracic vertebra, at that in the first case the difference between groups was reliable (p < 0.01). The fat deposition rate in young pigs of both breeds was not the same in different points of measuring along a trunk. Above mentioned tendencies were intensified with the age. Purebred animals of intrabreed type LW-1 at 7-months’ age had reliable less thickness of fat in comparison with the control group: on withers (p < 0.01), at the level of the 6-7th thoracic vertebra, the level of the 1st-2nd loins vertebra (p < 0.05) and on sacrum (p < 0.01). In future, according to economic and scientific expediency, the animals of Mirgorod breed were excluded from the experiment. Concerning Large White breed, the researches were finished when animals were at 8 months’ age. The process of fat deposition in Large White pigs was less intensive in comparison to Mirgorod breed. The highest relative rate of fat thickness increase in both breeds was observed at the level of the 1st-2nd loins vertebra. By statistical processing of the obtained materials it has been found that the difference of average arithmetical indexes (as absolute and relative) between the experimental and control groups during growth and development had distinct tendency to increasing in all points of measuring. The reliability of the difference between the averages in groups with the age of animals increased. A higher reliability of data was obtained at measuring of the front parts of a trunk of pigs at the level of the 6th-7th thoracic vertebra and on withers. The carried out researches at all points of measuring give the reason to confirm that the fat deposits of Large White pigs are less comparing to Mirgorod breed. Conclusions. 1. Carcasses of animals of intrabreed type ULW-1 are comparatively more technologically suitable and economically beneficial for agricultural proceeding industry. 2. Animals of intrabreed type ULW-1 at 7-months’ age had reliable less thickness of fat in comparison with the control group: on withers, at the level of the 6-7th thoracic vertebra, the level of the 1st-2nd loins vertebra and on sacrum. 3. The process of fat deposition in Large White pigs was less intensive in comparison to Mirgorod breed.

Preliminary Study of the Impact of Critical Success Factors on Project Success in Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aqeel Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Sehail Younis
Keyword(s):  
Critical Success Factors ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Project Success ◽  
Workforce Planning ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Past Performance ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Impact

This preliminary study attempts to link among the critical success factors on overall project success in public sector organizations in Pakistan.  In this study it’s reflected that major critical success factors (soundness of Business & workforce, planning & control, quality performance and past performance) can enhance the success of the project in Pakistan.  The purpose of this preliminary study was to verify the reliability of the survey instrument which has been used in European countries. It was found that the planning & control was the highest Cronbach Alpha value, while the ranged for each constructs in the present study from 0.68 to 0.88.  Therefore, based on the Cronbach alpha value score, the proposed survey instrument has fulfilled the basic requirement of a valid instrument.

A First Step towards a Tribological Approach to Investigate Cutting Tool Wear

2014 ◽  
Vol 611-612 ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovenco Axel ◽  
Frédéric Valiorgue ◽  
Cédric Courbon ◽  
Joël Rech ◽  
Ugo Masciantonio
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
304L Stainless Steel ◽  
Fe Modelling ◽  
Wear Model ◽  
Cutting Tool Wear ◽  
The Will ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Macroscopic Parameters

The present work is motivated by the will to improve Finite Element (FE) Modelling of cutting tool wear. As a first step, the characterisation of wear mechanisms and identification of a wear model appear to be fundamental. The key idea of this work consists in using a dedicated tribometer, able to simulate relevant tribological conditions encountered in cutting (pressure, velocity). The tribometer can be used to estimate the evolution of wear versus time for various tribological conditions (pressure, velocity, temperature). Based on this design of experiments, it becomes possible to identify analytically a wear model. As a preliminary study this paper will be focused on the impact of sliding speed at the contact interface between 304L stainless steel and tungsten carbide (WC) coated with titanium nitride (TiN) pin. This experiment enables to observe a modification of wear phenomena between sliding speeds of 60 m/min and 180 m/min. Finally, the impact on macroscopic parameters has been observed.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on revenues of visitor attractions: An exploratory and preliminary study in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 135481662110278
Author(s):  
Ling-en Wang ◽  
Bing Tian ◽  
Viachaslau Filimonau ◽  
Zhizhong Ning ◽  
Xuechun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
National Market ◽  
Revenue Estimates ◽  
Financial Consequences ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Detrimental Impact ◽  
Visitor Attractions

The COVID-19 pandemic has made a detrimental impact on various tourism subsectors. The financial consequences of this impact should be carefully evaluated to set benchmarks for industry recovery. This study assessed the financial impact of the pandemic on the tourism subsector of visitor attractions in China; 4222 A-grade visitor attractions accounting for over one-third of the national market were surveyed. Data triangulation was subsequently applied to undertake a comprehensive assessment of potential revenue loss. Triangulation was based upon the (1) lost revenue estimates made by tourist attractions’ administrations, (2) reverse estimation of past macroeconomic data, and (3) expert opinion estimates. The assessment results demonstrated that A-grade visitor attractions in China may have lost up to 140 billion RMB (circa US$21 billion) due to COVID-19, with up to 65% of all losses incurred in the first quarter of 2020. The scale of revenue loss varied significantly depending on visitor attraction’s grade, type, and location. Potential strategies for industry recovery are discussed.

Abstract P850: Four C’s Are Vital in Improving Door to Thrombolytic Administration

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty A McGee ◽  
Melissa Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Administration Time ◽  
System Data ◽  
The Impact

Background and Purpose: Thrombolytic therapy is a key link in the stroke chain of survival. Data suggests that four components are vital in decreasing door to thrombolytic administration in acute stroke patients eligible for treatment. Analysis of system data, pre and post implementation of a Door to Needle Project, afforded the opportunity to assess. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that commitment, collaboration, communication, and consistency (referred to as Four C’s) are vital in improving door to thrombolytic administration time in ischemic stroke patients. Methods: In this quantitative study, we utilized case data collected by a quality improvement team serving five emergency departments within a healthcare system. We retrospectively reviewed times of thrombolytic administration from admission to the emergency department in acute ischemic stroke patients. Cases were included based on eligibility criteria from American Heart Association’s Get With the Guidelines. Times from 2019 were compared with times through April 2020, before and after implementation of the project, which had multidisciplinary process interventions that reinforced the Four C’s. Results: The data revealed a 13.5 % reduction in median administration time. Cases assessed from 2019 had a median time of 52 minutes from door to thrombolytic administration, 95% CI [47.0, 59.0], n = 52. Cases assessed through April 2020 had a median time of 45 minutes from door to thrombolytic administration, 95% CI [39.0, 57.5], n = 18. Comparing cases through April 2020 to those of 2019, there were improvements of 38.1% fewer cases for administration in greater than 60 minutes and 27.8% fewer cases for administration in greater than 45 minutes. Conclusion: The hypothesis that Four C’s are vital in improving door to thrombolytic administration was validated by a decrease in median administration time as well as a reduction in cases exceeding targeted administration times. The impact to clinical outcomes is significant as improving administration time directly impacts the amount of tissue saved. Ongoing initiatives encompassing the Four C’s, within a Cerebrovascular System of Care, are essential in optimizing outcomes in acute stroke patients.

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