scholarly journals Programming Effect of the Parental Obesity on the Skeletal System of Offspring at Weaning Day

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 424
Author(s):  
Radoslaw Piotr Radzki ◽  
Marek Bienko ◽  
Dariusz Wolski ◽  
Monika Ostapiuk ◽  
Pawel Polak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Trabecular Thickness

Our study aimed to verify the hypothesis of the existence of a programming effect of parental obesity on the growth, development and mineralization of the skeletal system in female and male rat offspring on the day of weaning. The study began with the induction of obesity in female and male rats of the parental generation, using a high-energy diet (group F). Females and males of the control group received the standard diet (group S). After 90 days of dietary-induced obesity, the diet in group F was changed into the standard. Rats from groups F and S were mated to obtain offspring which stayed with their mothers until 21 days of age. Tibia was tested using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), micro-computed tomography (µCT) and mechanical strength using the three-point bending test. Biochemical analysis of blood serum bone metabolism markers was performed. DXA analysis showed higher tibia bone mineral content (BMC) and area. pQCT measurements of cortical and trabecular tissue documented the increase of the volumetric bone mineral density and BMC of both bone compartments in offspring from the F group, while µCT of the trabecular tissue showed an increase in trabecular thickness and a decrease of its separation. Parental obesity, hence, exerts a programming influence on the development of the skeletal system of the offspring on the day of the weaning, which was reflected in the intensification of mineralization and increased bone strength.

scholarly journals Allicin Reversed the Process of Frailty in Aging Male Fischer 344 Rats With Osteoporosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 821-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Meigui You ◽  
Jianwei Shen ◽  
Yaping Xu ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Aging Male ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Fischer 344

Abstract The research and development of pharmaceutical intervention is insufficient for the frail older adults, especially in preclinical stage for the frail individuals with osteoporosis. Garlic exerts an antiosteoporotic effect and its vital component allicin could protect organisms against aging. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of long-term intragastric administration of allicin (low dose of 4 mg·kg−1·d−1; middle dose of 8 mg·kg−1·d−1; high dose of 16 mg·kg−1·d−1) on frailty with osteoporosis in aging male Fischer 344 rats. Frailty was assessed with a 27-item frailty index based on quantifying health-related deficits in adult male rats varied from 13 to 21 months and in control rats from 6 to 9 months. Osteoporosis was appraised by bone mineral density detected by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, biomechanical properties measured by a three-point bending test, and bone metabolic analysis using ELISA. Allicin could attenuate frailty index scores by reducing the accumulation of health deficits in aging male Fischer 344 rats. Meanwhile, allicin could protect against senile osteoporosis, and the underlying mechanism may involve in increasing low bone turnover through elevation of both bone formation and bone resorption, and subsequently lead to increase of bone mineral density, contributing to reversing deleterious bone biomechanical features associated with aging. The present study reveals firstly that long-term oral administration with allicin attenuated frailty with osteoporosis during the process of aging, which provides a preclinical evidence for intervention of frailty.

scholarly journals Bone Structural, Biomechanical and Histomorphometric Characteristics of the Postcranial Skeleton of the Marsh Rice Rat (Oryzomys palustris)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Castillo ◽  
S. Croft ◽  
J.M Jiron ◽  
J.I. Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Postcranial Skeleton ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation Rate ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Oryzomys Palustris

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) is a non-conventional laboratory rodent species used to model some human bone disorders. However, no studies have been conducted to characterize the postcranial skeleton. Therefore, we aimed to investigate age- and gender-related features of the appendicular skeleton of this species.METHODSWe used femurs and tibiae from 94 rats of both genders aged 4-28 wks. Bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and biomechanical properties were determined in femurs. In addition, bone histomorphometry of tibiae was conducted to assess bone cells activities and bone turnover over time.RESULTSBodyweight, bone length, total metaphysis BMC/BMD, cortical BMC/BMD, cortical thickness, and cortical area progressively augmented with age. Whereas the increase in these parameters plateaued at age 16-22 wks in female rats, they continued to rise to age 28 wks in male rats. Furthermore, bone strength parameters increased with age, with few differences between genders. We also observed a rapid decrease in longitudinal growth between ages 4-16 wks. Whereas young rats had a greater bone formation rate and bone turnover, older rice rats had greater bone volume and trabecular thickness, with no differences between genders.CONCLUSIONS1) Sexual dimorphism in the rice rat becomes grossly evident at age 16 wks; 2) the age-related increases in bone mass, structural cortical parameters, and in some biomechanical property parameters plateau at an older age in male than in female rats; and 3) bone growth and remodeling significantly decreased with age indistinctive of the gender.

scholarly journals Effect of Dexrazoxane and Amifostine on the Vertebral Bone Quality of Doxorubicin Treated Male Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Mwale ◽  
G Marguier ◽  
J.A Ouellet ◽  
A Petit ◽  
L.M Epure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Bone Damage ◽  
Hematological Cancers ◽  
Trabecular Number

Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used in combination cocktails for treatment of childhood hematological cancers and solid tumors. A major factor limiting DOX usage is DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. However, it is not known whether protectants like dexrazoxane (DXR) and amifostine (AMF) can prevent DOX-mediated bone damage. The present study investigated whether administration of AMF alone or in combination with DXR would prevent any DOX-mediated bone damage. Male rat pups were treated with DOX, DXR, AMF, and their combinations. On neonate day 38, the bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and the micro-architecture of the lumbar vertebrae were analyzed. We have shown that when male rats are treated with DOX, DXR, DOX+DXR, AMF, DOX+AMF or DOX+DXR+AMF, there is a decrease in lumbar vertebral BMD (p<0.05). Furthermore, the relative bone volume (BV/TV) was decreased by DXR, DOX+DXR, and DOX+AMF treatments. Interestingly, DOX+AMF significantly increased BV/TV when compared to DXR treatment (p<0.04). The trabecular number (Tb.N) decreased with DXR and DOX+DXR and increased with DOX+AMF treatments. This information will be useful in designing better cancer combination therapies that do not lead to vertebrae deterioration.

scholarly journals Chronic Lead Exposure Alters Mineral Properties in Alveolar Bone

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 642
Author(s):  
Pedro Álvarez-Lloret ◽  
Cristina Benavides-Reyes ◽  
Ching-Ming Lee ◽  
María Pilar Martínez ◽  
María Inés Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Chronic Lead Exposure

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of chronic lead exposure on the mineral properties of alveolar bone. For this purpose, female Wistar rats (n = 8) were exposed to 1000 ppm lead acetate in drinking water for 90 days, while the control group (n = 5) was treated with sodium acetate. The alveolar bone structure and chemical composition of the dissected mandibles were examined using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques to determine possible alterations in alveolar bone due to lead exposure. In addition, changes in bone mechanical properties were analysed using a three-point bending test. Exposure to lead induced notable changes in bone mineralization and properties, specifically a reduction of the trabecular thickness and bone mineral density. Furthermore, there was a reduction in carbonate content and an increase in bone mineral crystallinity. These changes in bone mineralization could be explained by an alteration in bone turnover due to lead exposure. Three-point bending showed a trend of decreased displacement at failure in the mandibles of lead-exposed rats, which could compromise the mechanical stability and normal development of the dentition.

scholarly journals Bone microstructural changes revealed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography imaging and elevated DKK1 and MIP-1α levels in patients with MGUS

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (25) ◽  
pp. 6529-6534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin C. Ng ◽  
Sundeep Khosla ◽  
Natthinee Charatcharoenwitthaya ◽  
Shaji K. Kumar ◽  
Sara J. Achenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Areal Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Recent population-based studies demonstrate an increased fracture risk with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The etiology of this increased risk remains unclear, however, because areal bone mineral density (aBMD) measurements by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry cannot assess bone microstructural properties critical to determining bone quality and strength. To better define the skeletal effects of MGUS, we performed aBMD and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) measurements in 50 MGUS patients (20 females, 30 males; mean ± SEM age, 70.5 ± 1.4 years) and 100 matched control subjects. Relative to controls, MGUS patients had decreased aBMD at the femoral neck (P = .05) and total femur (P < .05) but no differences at other sites. In contrast, high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography showed markedly diminished cortical thickness (P < .05) and increased endocortical area (P < .01). Average vBMD (P < .01), cortical vBMD (P < .001), and trabecular thickness (P < .01) were all significantly decreased in MGUS patients, suggestive of impaired bone formation. Serum levels of the Wnt pathway inhibitor Dickkopf-related protein 1 (P < .001) and osteoclast-activating factor MIP-1α (P < .05) also were significantly elevated in MGUS patients. Our data provide the first evidence of altered bone microstructure in MGUS and suggest that cytokines elevated in osteolytic myeloma also may be associated with bone loss in MGUS.

Effects of short-term glucocorticoid administration on bone mineral density, biomechanics and microstructure in rats’ femur

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Chen ◽  
L Huang ◽  
J Zhu ◽  
K Wu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Trabecular Thickness

The effects of short-term use of oral glucocorticoid (GC) on the skeleton are not well defined. To address this gap, the influences of 7 days, 21 days of GC administration on femurs of intact rats were investigated. Forty 4-month-old female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (Cont) and prednisone-treated group (Pre) and administered either distilled water or prednisone acetate at doses of 3.5 mg/kg/day for 0, 7 and 21 days, respectively. All the femurs were harvested for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan, biomechanical testing and micro computed tomography scan. The whole body weight, femur bone mineral density (BMD), all three-point bending test parameters, microstructural parameters increased or improved significantly in Cont at day 21 when compared to day 0. The whole body weight, distal femur BMD, Young’s modulus, bending stiffness, density of tissue volume and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) decreased, while structure model index and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) increased significantly in Pre at day 21 when compared to age-matched control but had no significant differences between day 7 and day 21. Our data demonstrate that 7-day use of prednisone does not influence on rats’ femur, and 21-day use of prednisone slows in rate of whole body weight gain, decreases femur metaphysis BMD and bone stiffness which mainly due to the deteriorated bone microstructure.

scholarly journals The Effect of Chronic Alcohol Administration on Bone Mineral Content and Bone Strength in Male Rats

2010 ◽  
pp. 599-604
Author(s):  
PD Broulík ◽  
J Rosenkrancová ◽  
P Růžička ◽  
R Sedláček ◽  
T Zíma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
And Control

Alcohol use has been identified as a risk factor for the development of osteoporosis. Eight male Wistar rats at two months of age were alcoho-fed (7.6 g 95 % ethanol/kg b.w. per day) to evaluate the effects of long-term administration (three months) of alcohol in drinking water. We have used a dose which is considered to be comparable to a dose of 1 liter of wine or 2.5 liters of 12° beer used in male adults daily. The bones were tested mechanically by a three-point bending test in a Mini Bionix (MTS) testing system. The bones from alcohol-fed rats were characterized by a reduction in bone density as well as in ash, calcium and phosphate content. In alcohol-fed rats the reduction in bone mineral density (10 %) was reflected by about 12 % reduction of mechanical strength of femur (158±5.5 vs. 178±3.2 N/mm2 ). Alcohol significantly altered femoral cortical thickness. In our experiment alcohol itself did not exert any antiandrogenic effect and it did not produce changes in the weight of seminal vesicles. Liver function test (GGT, ALP, AST) did not differ between alcohol-fed rats and control rats. Alcohol-induced bone loss is associated with increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation. These results document the efficacy of alcohol at the dose of 7.6 g 95 % ethanol/kg b.w. to cause bone loss and loss of bone mechanical strength in intact rats. The results of the present study may be interpreted as supporting the hypothesis of alcohol as a risk factor for osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of association of fragility fracture and bone mineral density in Nepalese population

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
Md. Farid Amanullah ◽  
BP Shrestha ◽  
GP Khanal ◽  
NK Karna ◽  
S Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fragility Fracture ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Study Results

Background: Fragility fractures are one of the major health problems. Many factors are associated with it some of which are modifiable and some are not. If we know the value of T-score at which fragility fracture occurs and associated factors responsible for fragility fracture than we will be able to control this burden to the society. The objective of this study is to determine association between fragility fracture and bone mineral density (BMD) using bone densitometry and to know the value of T-score at which fragility fracture occurs. Methods: Patients presenting to B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences with fragility fracture of distal end of radius, fracture around hip and vertebral fractures were included in the study to know the value of T-score at which fragility fracture occurs and their associated risk factor. Patients less than 50 years of age, high energy trauma fracture and pathological fractures were excluded from the study. Results: We found that being multipara, smoking, alcohol consumption, post-hysterectomized patients and steroid intake had significant association with fragility fracture. There was no association with religion, geographic location, associated medical illness, age, sex, associated injury and site of injury. Conclusion: The patients with risk factor for fragility fracture like smoking, alcohol consumption, multipara women, post-hysterectomized women and those who are on long term steroid therapy should undergo BMD test and the value at -3.254 are prone to fragility fracture and should be treated accordingly. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences | Volume 02 | Number 02 | July-December 2013 | Page 130-134 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v2i2.8956

scholarly journals Conditional disruption of IGF-I gene in type 1α collagen-expressing cells shows an essential role of IGF-I in skeletal anabolic response to loading

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (6) ◽  
pp. E1191-E1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasekhar Kesavan ◽  
Jon E. Wergedal ◽  
K.-H. William Lau ◽  
Subburaman Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Bone Size ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Igf I ◽  
I Gene

To establish a causal role for locally produced IGF-I in the mechanical strain response in the bone, we have generated mice with conditional disruption of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I gene in type 1α2 collagen-expressing cells using the Cre-loxP approach. At 10 wk of age, loads adjusted to account for bone size difference were applied via four-point bending or axial loading (AL) in mice. Two wk of bending and AL produced significant increases in bone mineral density and bone size at the middiaphysis of wild-type (WT), but not knockout (KO), mice. In addition, AL produced an 8–25% increase in trabecular parameters (bone volume-tissue volume ratio, trabecular thickness, and trabecular bone mineral density) at the secondary spongiosa of WT, but not KO, mice. Histomorphometric analysis at the trabecular site revealed that AL increased osteoid width by 60% and decreased tartrate-resistance acidic phosphatase-labeled surface by 50% in the WT, but not KO, mice. Consistent with the in vivo data, blockade of IGF-I action with inhibitory IGF-binding protein (IGFBP4) in vitro completely abolished the fluid flow stress-induced MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation. One-way ANOVA revealed that expression levels of EFNB1, EFNB2, EFNA2, EphB2, and NR4a3 were different in the loaded bones of WT vs. KO mice and may, in part, be responsible for the increase in bone response to loading in the WT mice. In conclusion, IGF-I expressed in type 1 collagen-producing bone cells is critical for converting mechanical signal to anabolic signal in bone, and other growth factors cannot compensate for the loss of local IGF-I.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document