scholarly journals The Age-Related Cryptosporidium Species Distribution in Asymptomatic Cattle from North-Western Spain

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Pablo Díaz ◽  
Esther Navarro ◽  
Susana Remesar ◽  
David García-Dios ◽  
Néstor Martínez-Calabuig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Cryptosporidium Species ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Distribution ◽  
Western Spain ◽  
North Western ◽  
Related Pattern

An age-related distribution of Cryptosporidium species has been reported in cattle, with C. parvum being predominant in suckling calves, C. bovis and C. ryanae being predominant in post-weaned calves and C. andersoni being predominant in adults. However, variants to this pattern have recently been reported. Thus, fecal samples (n = 594) from asymptomatic cattle were collected in north-western Spain. Animals were classified as <1 month (G1), 1–2 months (G2), 2–12 months (G3), 12–24 months (G4) and >2 years (G5). Cryptosporidium detection and species identification were performed by SSU rRNA PCR. Individual Cryptosporidium prevalence was 16.7%; it significantly decreased with age. Cryptosporidium parvum was predominant in G1 and C. bovis was predominant in the rest of the age classes; C. bovis and C. ryanae were especially prevalent in G2 and G3. Cryptosporidium occultus was not found in suckling calves. Finally, C. andersoni and C. xiaoi were occasionally detected in G5. The presence of C. parvum in all age classes implies significant animal and public health concerns. The predominance of C. bovis in cattle older than 1 month supports the idea that the age-related pattern of Cryptosporidium species described in cattle is not fully consistent, and thus further studies are still needed to identify those factors determining the species distribution.

Cryptosporidium species and subtype analysis in diarrhoeic pre-weaned lambs and goat kids from north-western Spain

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 4099-4105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Díaz ◽  
Joaquín Quílez ◽  
Alberto Prieto ◽  
Esther Navarro ◽  
Ana Pérez-Creo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Species ◽  
Western Spain ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals Age and sex-related topography of carious lesions and oral conditions among Prehispanic coastal Mayas

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Andrea Cucina ◽  
Oriana Chiappa ◽  
Thelma Sierra Sosa
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Coastal Site ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Maya Site ◽  
Oral Conditions ◽  
Starchy Foods ◽  
Related Pattern

Objectives: The objective is to assess topographic distribution of carious lesions (crown and CEJ) by sex and age class and relate it to food intake; Materials and methods: Sixty-eight males and 45 females aged 15 years and older from the Prehispanic Classic period Maya site of Xcambó (AD 250-700) were selected and organized into 15-30 yrs, 31-45 yrs and 46+years age classes. Caries were scored on all permanent teeth based on their location on the crown, interstitial CEJ as well as buccal and lingual CEJ. Results: Caries affected 14.6% of the permanent teeth in males and 27.7% in females. About half of all the lesions were located at the mesial and distal CEJ edge of the teeth (50% in males and 46.6% in females), while 12.9% and 17.1% (respectively for males and females) affected the buccal and lingual CEJ edge. Multiple caries interested 19.7% of teeth in males and 24.9% in females. Last AMTL was recorded in 16.4% of sockets in males and in 27.4% in females. The overall frequencies of caries and AMTL increase with age at death, and differences by sex are statistically significant; on the contrary, interstitial CEJ, buccal and lingual CEJ and multiple caries do not follow an age-related pattern of distribution, and do not show statistically significant differences between males and females. Discussion and conclusions: The coastal site of Xcambó shows one of the highest frequencies of caries in the region. The high socioeconomic status of the site suggests that caries were not due to a diet based on maize, but that also sugary (honey and various fruits) and starchy foods were ingested on a daily base. Cariogenic sticky foodstuff, which likely triggered caries at the buccal and lingual CEJ edges of the teeth, were ingested by all the members of the society regardless of sex and age.

scholarly journals High Diversity of Cryptosporidium Species and Subtypes Identified in Cryptosporidiosis Acquired in Sweden and Abroad

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Marianne Lebbad ◽  
Jadwiga Winiecka-Krusnell ◽  
Christen Rune Stensvold ◽  
Jessica Beser
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Cryptosporidium Species ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Glycoprotein Gene ◽  
High Diversity

The intestinal protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium is an important cause of diarrheal disease worldwide. The aim of this study was to expand the knowledge on the molecular epidemiology of human cryptosporidiosis in Sweden to better understand transmission patterns and potential zoonotic sources. Cryptosporidium-positive fecal samples were collected between January 2013 and December 2014 from 12 regional clinical microbiology laboratories in Sweden. Species and subtype determination was achieved using small subunit ribosomal RNA and 60 kDa glycoprotein gene analysis. Samples were available for 398 patients, of whom 250 (63%) and 138 (35%) had acquired the infection in Sweden and abroad, respectively. Species identification was successful for 95% (379/398) of the samples, revealing 12 species/genotypes: Cryptosporidium parvum (n = 299), C. hominis (n = 49), C. meleagridis (n = 8), C. cuniculus (n = 5), Cryptosporidium chipmunk genotype I (n = 5), C. felis (n = 4), C. erinacei (n = 2), C. ubiquitum (n = 2), and one each of C. suis, C. viatorum, C. ditrichi, and Cryptosporidium horse genotype. One patient was co-infected with C. parvum and C. hominis. Subtyping was successful for all species/genotypes, except for C. ditrichi, and revealed large diversity, with 29 subtype families (including 4 novel ones: C. parvum IIr, IIs, IIt, and Cryptosporidium horse genotype VIc) and 81 different subtypes. The most common subtype families were IIa (n = 164) and IId (n = 118) for C. parvum and Ib (n = 26) and Ia (n = 12) for C. hominis. Infections caused by the zoonotic C. parvum subtype families IIa and IId dominated both in patients infected in Sweden and abroad, while most C. hominis cases were travel-related. Infections caused by non-hominis and non-parvum species were quite common (8%) and equally represented in cases infected in Sweden and abroad.

Pollens of honeys from north-western Spain

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M V Jato ◽  
A Sala-Llinares ◽  
M I Iglesias ◽  
M Suarez-Cervera
Keyword(s):  
Western Spain ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals Lack of detectable genetic isolation in the cyclic rodent Microtus arvalis despite large landscape fragmentation owing to transportation infrastructures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio C. Dominguez ◽  
María Calero-Riestra ◽  
Pedro P. Olea ◽  
Juan E. Malo ◽  
Christopher P. Burridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Landscape Fragmentation ◽  
Microtus Arvalis ◽  
Density Peaks ◽  
Genetic Patterns ◽  
Large Fluctuations ◽  
Genetic Impact ◽  
Western Spain ◽  
North Western

AbstractAlthough roads are widely seen as dispersal barriers, their genetic consequences for animals that experience large fluctuations in population density are poorly documented. We developed a spatially paired experimental design to assess the genetic impacts of roads on cyclic voles (Microtus arvalis) during a high-density phase in North-Western Spain. We compared genetic patterns from 15 paired plots bisected by three different barrier types, using linear mixed models and computing effect sizes to assess the importance of each type, and the influence of road features like width or the age of the infrastructure. Evidence of effects by roads on genetic diversity and differentiation were lacking. We speculate that the recurrent (each 3–5 generations) episodes of massive dispersal associated with population density peaks can homogenize populations and mitigate the possible genetic impact of landscape fragmentation by roads. This study highlights the importance of developing spatially replicated experimental designs that allow us to consider the large natural spatial variation in genetic parameters. More generally, these results contribute to our understanding of the not well explored effects of habitat fragmentation on dispersal in species showing “boom-bust” dynamics.

AGE-RELATED FEATURES OF THE DYNAMICS OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY, LOCALIZATION AND HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURES OF RECTAL CANCER (POPULATION STUDY)

2021 ◽  
pp. 900-907
Author(s):  
В. М. Мерабишвили ◽  
Д. М. Дубовиченко ◽  
М. Ю. Вальков ◽  
А. М. Щербаков ◽  
Э. Н. Мерабишвили
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
The North ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
North Western

Рак прямой кишки (РПК) - это злокачественная опухоль дистального отдела толстой кишки эпителиального происхождения. Ежегодно в России регистрируется более 30 тыс. (30 969 в 2018 г.) новых случаев РПК и 16 тыс. (16 151) случаев смерти. Индекс достоверности учета (отношение числа умерших к заболевшим) составляет 0,52 %. РПК относится к локализациям со средним уровнем летальности. В Северо-Западном Федеральном округе зарегистрировано более 3 тыс. первичных случаев РПК (3 285 в 2018 г.). Государственная статистика РПК представляет данные о заболеваемости и смертности населения по трем рубрикам МКБ-10 вместе (С19-21). Детальная разработка данных не только отдельно по каждой рубрике МКБ-10, но и по четвертому знаку возможна только по материалам баз данных раковых регистров. Созданный нами Популяционный раковый регистр Северо-Западного Федерального округа насчитывал на 01.01.2019 г. более 1 млн (1 067 661) случаев злокачественных новообразований (ЗНО), в том числе РПК - 50 745 случаев, или 4,8 %. Удельный вес РПК близок к среднероссийскому - 4,9 %. В работе представлена детальная структура онкологической патологии по РПК. Ведущая роль из трех указанных рубрик принадлежит ЗНО прямой кишки (С20) - 75,4 %; 19,8 % приходится на ЗНО ректосигмоидного отдела (С19) и только 4,7 % на С21 - ЗНО ануса и анального канала. По всем этим рубрикам представлена динамика структуры, которая оказалась достаточно устойчивой. Rectal cancer is a malignant tumor of the distal colon of epithelial origin. Every year, more than 30,000 (30 969 - 2018) new cases of Rectal cancer and 16,000 deaths (16 151) are registered in Russia. The index of reliability of accounting (the ratio of the number of dead to sick) is 0,52 %. Rectal cancer refers to localities with an average mortality rate. In the North-Western Federal district, more than 3 thousand primary cases of Rectal cancer were registered (3285 - 2018). The state statistics of the Rectal cancer provides data on morbidity and mortality in three categories of ICD-10 together (C19-21). Detailed development of data not only separately for each category of ICD-10, but also for the fourth sign is possible only from the data bases of cancer registers. As of 01.01.2019, the Population cancer register of the North-Western Federal district created by us totaled more than 1 million cases of malignant tumors (1 067 661), including Rectal cancer - 50 745 cases, or 4,8 %. The share of the Rectal cancer is close to the national average - 4,9 %. The article presents a detailed structure of cancer pathology in Rectal cancer. The leading role of the 3 specified categories belongs to the rectal malignant tumors (C20) - 75,4 %, 19,8 % falls on the malignant tumors of the rectosigmoid department (C19) and only 4,7 % on the C21 - malignant tumors of the anus and anal canal. For all these categories, the dynamics of the structure is presented, which proved to be quite stable.

Spatial associations among tree species in a temperate forest community in North-western Spain

2010 ◽  
Vol 260 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Martínez ◽  
Thorsten Wiegand ◽  
Fernando González-Taboada ◽  
José Ramón Obeso
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Spatial Associations ◽  
Western Spain ◽  
North Western
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