scholarly journals Effects of Birth Weight on Animal Performance, Fattening Traits and Meat Quality of Lambs

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2364
Author(s):  
Sonia Andrés ◽  
Carmen Valdés ◽  
Alba Santos ◽  
Javier Mateo ◽  
Francisco Javier Giráldez
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Fattening Period

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a key developmental programming factor which might impair both the feed efficiency of lambs and meat quality, since it deeply impacts skeletal muscle and adipose tissue development. To determine the effect of birth weight on the growth performance, ruminal parameters, digestibility, non-carcass components, carcass traits, physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid profile of meat, two experimental groups (six animals in each group) of male Merino lambs with different body weights (BW) at birth (low BW (LW; 3.88 ± 0.281 kg) and high BW (HW; 5.80 ± 0.647 kg)) were used. The lambs were penned with their corresponding ewe during the natural suckling period, being weaned at 15 kg. Then, the lambs were penned individually and offered a complete pelleted diet during the fattening period. All the animals were slaughtered when they reached 27 kg of BW. After weaning, both daily dry matter intake (578 vs. 615 g/day; p = 0.021) and average daily gain (141 vs. 190 g/day; p = 0.004) were significantly lower in LW lambs, and a higher feed:gain ratio was recorded for this group (3.98 vs. 3.45; p = 0.008). Carcass traits did not show differences (p > 0.05) between both groups of lambs, except for higher chilling losses for the LW group (3.29 vs. 2.69%; p = 0.012). Additionally, higher amounts of kidney knob and channel fat were observed for LW lambs (85.4 vs. 152 g; p = 0.028). Apart from a higher hardness of meat in LW lambs (152 vs. 189 Newtons, p = 0.040), no other differences (p > 0.05) were observed in the physicochemical traits of this product; however, the meat of LW lambs tended (p = 0.057) to contain more total fatty acid content with a higher (p = 0.041) proportion of saturated fatty acids than the meat of HW lambs. In conclusion, under the conditions of the present study, a low body weight at birth increased the deposition of fat in carcass and non-carcass components during the fattening period of lambs, thus reducing animal performance and worsening the nutritional indexes of the meat. Accordingly, it seems reasonable to try to identify these animals during early life, to be sold as suckling lambs in the meat market instead of being fattened.

scholarly journals Meat Quality, Fatty Acid Content and NMR Metabolic Profile of Dorper Sheep Supplemented with Bypass Fats

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1133
Author(s):  
Atique Ahmed Behan ◽  
Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar ◽  
Teck Chwen Loh ◽  
Sharida Fakurazi ◽  
Ubedullah Kaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dorper Sheep

The supplementation of rumen bypass fat (RBF) has remained one of the preferred approaches used to decrease undesirable saturated fatty acids (FA) and increase beneficial unsaturated FA in the meat. This study was planned to evaluate the influences of rumen bypass fats on meat quality, fatty acid and metabolic profiles in male Dorper sheep (n = 36) with 24.66 ± 0.76 kg (mean ± standard error) initial body weight. Treatment comprised a basal diet (30:70 rice straw to concentrate) with no added RBF as a control (CON), basal diet with prilled fat (PF), basal diet with prilled fat plus lecithin (PFL) and basal diet with calcium soap of palm fatty acids (CaS). The findings revealed that cooking loss, drip loss and shear force in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were not affected by RBF supplementation, while meat pH was significantly higher in the CaS on aging day 1. However, the diet supplemented with prilled fat and lecithin modified the meat’s fatty acid profile significantly by increasing unsaturated fatty acids and decreasing saturated fats. The relative quantification of the major differentiating metabolites found in LD muscle of sheep showed that total cholesterol, esterified cholesterol, choline, glycerophosphocholine and glycerophospholipids were significantly lower in CaS and PFL diets, while glycerol and sphingomyelin were significantly higher in CaS and PFL diets. Most of the metabolites in the liver did not show any significant difference. Based on our results, the supplementation of protected fats did not have a negative influence on meat quality and the meat from Dorper sheep fed prilled fat with lecithin contained more healthy fatty acids compared to other diets.

Fatty acid profile, carcass traits and meat quality of Nellore steers following supplementation with various lipid sources

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela P. C. Carvalho ◽  
Giovani Fiorentini ◽  
Josiane F. Lage ◽  
Juliana D. Messana ◽  
Roberta. C. Canesin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Practical Significance

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the fatty acid composition of meat and subcutaneous fat, carcass traits and meat quality of Nellore steers fed diets supplemented with various lipid sources. Forty-five young bulls, with average bodyweight of 441 ± 30 kg, were allotted into 10 paddocks, with five treatments, each consisting of two paddocks. The bulls were randomly assigned into one of the following five treatments, which consisted of four lipid sources: palm oil (PO), linseed oil, rumen protected fat (soybean-based oil), whole soybean, and a control (without additional fat). Trial duration was 120 days, which included 30 days of adaptation. Supplements were offered daily at 10 g/kg bodyweight per day. Dietary supplements for providing additional fat were formulated to consist of 10% ether extract. Lipid sources did not significantly affect the average daily gain (P = 0.797) or dressing percentage (P = 0.663). Supplementation with PO increased the concentrations of lauric acid (P = 0.036) and myristic acid (P < 0.001) in the muscle and subcutaneous fat. Animals supplemented with linseed oil had significantly higher concentrations of conjugated linolenic acid in the meat (P = 0.036) and fat (P = 0.049) than did control animals. In the present study, the use of various lipid sources in dietary supplements of grazing cattle during finishing period did not affect carcass traits or physical attributes of beef. This absence of statistical significance may be related to the minimum number of repeat paddocks (2) per treatment. Thus, differences that can have a practical significance were not evidenced by statistical analysis. The inclusion of PO and protected fatty acids derived from soybean oil (rumen-protected fat) is not recommended as a method to improve the lipid profile of meat and subcutaneous fat of Nellore cattle.

PSXIV-17 Meat quality and fatty acid composition of lambs reared under thermal stress in grazing conditions and slaughtered at two body weights

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 493-494
Author(s):  
Abner A Rodriguez ◽  
Aixa Rivera ◽  
Susan K Duckett ◽  
Alana Bayne
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Slaughter Weight

Abstract Interest in meat quality and its fatty acid composition stems mainly from the need to find ways to produce healthier meat. In Puerto Rico, no documented information is available on the nutritional profile in the meat of lambs raised under local conditions (crossbred animals raised in heat stress and grazing naturalized pastures, NP). The quality of meat and fatty acid composition was evaluated, of 12 lambs grazed NP &gt; 8h, tropical grass hay and water ad libitum, 150g of concentrate (12% CP), and mineral blocks. Six animals were slaughtered at two live weight of 22 (SW1) or 35 (SW2) kg to determine the meat quality given by pH, color, nutrient content, and the fatty acid composition in the Longissimus dorsi muscle. The data was analyzed using a completely randomized design with two treatments and six repetitions. SW1 and SW2 had similar pH (5.57 vs. 5.73), but lambs at SW1 displayed lower (P &lt; 0.01) a* value than those slaughtered at SW2 (11.18 vs 13.57), but L* (38.91 vs 37.56) and b* (10.72 vs 10.67) values were similar. On both slaughter weight moisture (75.63 vs 74.51), ash (4.10 vs 3.34), crude protein (24.36 vs 25.12), and crude fat (2.30 vs 2.01) percentage of the meat was similar. The total lipid content (0.953 vs 2.25), saturated fatty acids (34.68 vs 42.98), and monounsaturated fatty acid (28.36 vs 37.28) of lambs at SW1 was lower than those at SW2, but n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (18.74 vs 8.57and 6.61 vs 2.88, respectively) were higher (P &lt; 0.05). The n-6/n-3 ratio was similar for both SW groups (2.84 vs 2.96). Differences in individual fatty acid content due to the slaughter weight were observed. In conclusion, the meat quality and the fatty acid composition of the Longissimus dorsi were affected by slaughter weight of lambs grazing naturalized pastures.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Perilla Cake Supplementation in Growing Pig on Productive Performance, Meat Quality, and Fatty Acid Profiles

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3213
Author(s):  
Chaiwat Arjin ◽  
Chanmany Souphannavong ◽  
Rakkiat Norkeaw ◽  
Niraporn Chaiwang ◽  
Supamit Mekchay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Large White ◽  
Growing Pig

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of perilla cake (PC) supplementation in a growing pig diet on overall growing performance, meat quality, and fatty acid profile. A total of 24 barrow grower crossbred pigs (Large White × Landrace) × Duroc with an initial average body weight of 26.33 kg were fed with a basal diet supplemented with PC at 0%, 5%, and 10% in (PC0, PC5, and PC10, respectively) for 12 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, pigs were slaughtered to determine carcass traits and meat quality. Back fat, abdominal fat, and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were collected to investigate fatty acid composition. The results show that the average daily gain (ADG) in the PC10 significantly increased. However, PC supplementation did not influence carcass traits and meat quality except the color as described by lightness (L*). Dietary PC supplementation significantly increased the α-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3 cis-9, 12, 15), whereas n6/n3 ratio decreased significantly in all tissues investigated. Thus, it can be concluded that the supplementation of PC in growing pig diet is a potential way to increase the fatty acid composition to that required for healthier meat.

scholarly journals The Effect of Rearing Conditions on Carcass Traits, Meat Quality and the Compositions of Fatty Acid and Amino Acid of LTL in Heigai Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Jiaqi Liu ◽  
Shu Zhang ◽  
Jintang Xie ◽  
Tizhong Shan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Lipogenic Genes ◽  
Psoas Major Muscle ◽  
Rearing Conditions

The present study evaluates the influence of captivity and grazing rearing conditions on the carcass traits, meat quality and fatty acid profiles of Heigai pigs. Ten Heigai pigs with market weight were randomly selected from both the indoor feeding farm and outdoor grazing farm groups (FF and GF; five pigs per group) for measuring production performance. The results showed that the shear force of longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) in the GF group tended to increase (p = 0.06), and triglyceride and cholesterol contents in LTL and psoas major muscle (PMM) of the GF group significantly increased and decreased, respectively (p < 0.05). The proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the GF group. Meanwhile, the ratios of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and the content of flavor amino acid of the LTL in the GF group were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The GF upregulated the expression of MyHC-IIb and lipogenic genes, such as GLUT4 and LPL (p < 0.05), in LTL and PMM, but downregulated the expression of MyHC-I, MyHC-IIa, PPARγ and leptin (p < 0.05). In conclusion, these results suggested that the different rearing conditions can alter the meat qualities by mediating the muscle fiber type and lipid metabolism of Heigai pigs.

scholarly journals The Inclusion of Pea in Concentrates Had Minor Effects on the Meat Quality of Light Lambs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2385
Author(s):  
Mireia Blanco ◽  
Guillermo Ripoll ◽  
Sandra Lobón ◽  
Juan Ramón Bertolín ◽  
Isabel Casasús ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Total Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid Content

The use of pea (Pisum sativum) has been recommended to replace soybean meal in the diet of ruminants, but it may affect meat quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the proportion of pea (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) in fattening concentrates fed to light lambs for 41 days on carcass colour and on the meat quality. Pea inclusion affected neither the colour of the lamb carcasses nor affected most of the parameters of the meat quality. However, the inclusion of pea affected the cholesterol content, and the 20%pea concentrate yielded meat with greater cholesterol contents than the 30%pea concentrate did (p < 0.05). The inclusion of pea had minor effects on individual FAs but affected the total saturated fatty acids (p < 0.01) and the thrombogenicity index (p < 0.05). A greater total saturated fatty acid content was recorded for the 20%pea concentrate than for the rest of the concentrates, and a greater thrombogenicity index was recorded for the 20% concentrate than for the 10%pea concentrate. The results indicated the viability of the inclusion of pea in the fattening concentrate of light lambs without impairing meat quality, with the 30%pea concentrate being the most suitable to reduce the soya-dependency.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Olive Cake Supplementation on Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Meat Quality of Beef Cattle

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Chiofalo ◽  
Luigi Liotta ◽  
Vittorio Lo Presti ◽  
Fabio Gresta ◽  
Ambra Rita Di Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cooking Loss ◽  
Olive Cake

Dietary partially destoned olive cake supplementation on performance, carcass traits and meat quality of intensively finished bulls was evaluated. Forty-five Limousin bulls, divided into three homogenous groups, received a diet with no supplementation (Control-CTR), 7.5% (Low Olive Cake-LOC), and 15.0% of olive cake supplementation (High Olive Cake-HOC). The trial was realized for 150 days; all bulls were individually weighed at the beginning, middle, and end of the trial, to calculate the individual average daily gain (ADG). At slaughtering, on each carcass, hot weight was recorded and, after 7 days, the pH and temperature were measured. On Longissimus lumborum muscle, color, cooking loss, and shear force of the cooked sample were determined. The chemical composition and the fatty acid content of muscle were determined. Olive cake inclusions (7.5% and 15.0%) increased (p < 0.05) the body weight, ADG, slaughter traits and intramuscular fat content and influenced (p < 0.05) the quality indices. The 15.0% of the inclusion reduced (p < 0.05) the cooking loss and shear force, and increased the unsaturated fatty acid content. The olive cake can be considered as a functional component in beef production and, in substitution to a quote of cereals into the diet of bulls, could be an opportunity to improve agriculture sustainability.

Modifying egg fatty acid content by supplementation of laying hen diets with palm olein oil (POO)

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 212-212
Author(s):  
S J Hosseini Vashan ◽  
N Afzali ◽  
A Golian ◽  
M Malekaneh ◽  
A Allahressani
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Olein Oil

Palm oil is the most abundant of all oils produced globally. It is very high in saturated fatty acids specifically palmitic acid, but other fatty acids (monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated) are presented at low concentrations. In the processing plant some high amount of oleic acid with some other unsaturated fatty acids are extracted and marketed as Palm olein oil, and used to reduce blood or egg cholesterol (Rievelles et al., 1994). The objective of this study was to determine the optimum level of dietary palm olein oil required to enrich the mono-unsaturated fatty acid content of yolk, egg cholesterol and antibody titre.

Performance, carcass traits and meat quality of lambs fed with different roughage:concentrate ratios associated with variable physically effective neutral detergent fibre content

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
L. de O. Queiroz ◽  
A. M. Barbosa ◽  
G. B. Mourão ◽  
M. A. Fonseca ◽  
L. F. B. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Colour Parameter

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of roughage:concentrate (R:C) ratio associated with a variable particle size of physically effective neutral detergent fibre (peNDF8) in the forage (Tifton-85 hay) on the performance, carcass traits and meat quality of lambs. Seventy-two 4-month-old, non-castrated Santa Ines male lambs (23.5 ± 2.32 kg BW) were distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement [two peNDF8 hay particle sizes (13 and 6 mm) and two R:C ratios (700:300 and 500:500 g/kg DM total)]. DMI, DM, NFC and TDN digestibility's, N-intake and N-faecal excretion were affected by the R:C ratio (P < 0.05). However, the N-retained was not affected by the studied variables (P > 0.05). It was observed an interaction (P < 0.05) between the peNDF8 and R:C ratios for final BW, average daily gain (ADG), colour parameters and pH 24 h. The lower roughage ratio provided greater (P < 0.05) concentrations of C14:1, C16:1–cis9, C18:1–cis9, ΣMUFA, Σn–6:Σn–3 and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic index, enzymatic activity Δ9desaturase-C16 and -C18. Lambs fed a lower roughage diet had improved performance and feed efficiency, however, presented reduced polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) concentrations in the meat, especially Σn–3 family. Higher roughage diet and larger peNDF8 particle size improved the concentrations of PUFA while decreased Σn–6:Σn–3 ratio in meat. Larger peNDF8 particle size associated with higher roughage proportion, have reduced animal performance however, it increased protein concentration, a* and C* colour parameter without affecting fatty acids profile of Longissimus lumborum muscle.

scholarly journals Oncogenic H-Ras Expression Induces Fatty Acid Profile Changes in Human Fibroblasts and Extracellular Vesicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krizia Sagini ◽  
Lorena Urbanelli ◽  
Eva Costanzi ◽  
Nico Mitro ◽  
Donatella Caruso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Membrane Bilayer ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Profile Changes

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer surrounded particles that are considered an additional way to transmit signals outside the cell. Lipids have not only a structural role in the organization of EVs membrane bilayer, but they also represent a source of lipid mediators that may act on target cells. Senescent cells are characterized by a permanent arrest of cell proliferation, but they are still metabolically active and influence nearby tissue secreting specific signaling mediators, including those carried by EVs. Notably, cellular senescence is associated with increased EVs release. Here, we used gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to investigate the total fatty acid content of EVs released by fibroblasts undergoing H-RasV12-induced senescence and their parental cells. We find that H-RasV12 fibroblasts show increased level of monounsaturated and decreased level of saturated fatty acids, as compared to control cells. These changes are associated with transcriptional up-regulation of specific fatty acid-metabolizing enzymes. The EVs released by both controls and senescent fibroblasts show a higher level of saturated and polyunsaturated species, as compared to parental cells. Considering that fibroblasts undergoing H-RasV12-induced senescence release a higher number of EVs, these findings indicate that senescent cells release via EVs a higher amount of fatty acids, and in particular of polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids, as compared to control cells.

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