scholarly journals The Effect of Bacillus licheniformis-Fermented Products and Postpartum Dysgalactia Syndrome on Litter Performance Traits, Milk Composition, and Fecal Microbiota in Sows

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2044
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsiang Yu ◽  
Ting-Yu Hsu ◽  
Wei-Jung Chen ◽  
Yi-Bing Horng ◽  
Yeong-Hsiang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Fermented Products

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Bacillus licheniformis-fermented products (BLFP) and postpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PDS) on litter performance traits, milk composition, and fecal microbiota in sows in a commercial farrow to finish pig farm. Fifty multiparous cross-bred pregnant sows were randomly assigned to two groups in a completely randomized design. The dietary treatments comprised a basal diet (pregnancy and nursery diet) as control and basal diet supplemented with 1.5 g/kg of BLFP. Sows with PDS in the two groups were further verified 12 h post-partum. Results show that the piglet body weight at weaning was increased in sows fed the BLFP compared to those fed the control diet. The milk fat content of prepartum sows was reduced in sows fed the BLFP. Postpartum sows with PDS had increased milk solid content compared with healthy sows. Microbial composition and species relative abundance analysis indicated distinct bacterial clusters between the groups. The abundance of the family Prevotellaceae in the feces decreased in sows with PDS. BLFP increased the average abundance of the genus (Eubacterium) coprostanoligenes group in feces of sows. These findings demonstrate that BLFP in the diet of sows can improve the piglet body weight at weaning and modulate the fecal microbiota of sows. PDS also has an impact on milk composition and fecal microbiota in sows.

scholarly journals Effects of rumen-protected methionine supplementation on the performance of high production dairy cows in the tropics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdir Chiogna Junior ◽  
Fernanda Lopes ◽  
Charles George Schwab ◽  
Mateus Zucato Toledo ◽  
Edgar Alain Collao-Saenz
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Milk Composition

AbstractIncreasing methionine availability in dairy cow diets during the first third of lactation may enhance their performance and health. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplementing rumen-protected methionine (RPMet) in a lactation diet containing adequate protein and energy levels. Seventy-six multiparous Holstein cows (39.1 ± 6.8 kg of milk/d and 65 ± 28 DIM) were assigned to 1 of 2 dietary treatments (38/treatment) according to a randomized complete block design with a 2-wk (covariate) and 10-wk experimental period. Treatments were a basal diet (CON; 3.77 Lys:1Met); and CON + 14 g RPMet (2.97 Lys:1 Met). Individual milk samples were taken every 2 weeks to determine milk composition. Blood was collected from 24 cows on d+30 d to measure plasma AA levels. Body weight and body condition score (BCS) were measured at the beginning and the end of the experiment. The SM diet promoted higher milk yield (41.7 vs. 40.1 kg/d; P = 0.026), energy-corrected milk yield (41.0 vs. 38.0 kg/d; P ≤ 0.01), milk protein yield (1.30 vs. 1.18 kg/d; P ≤ 0.01), and milk fat yield (1.42 vs. 1.29 kg/d; P = 0.02). Higher milk protein (3.14% vs. 2.97%; P ≤ 0.01) and casein (2.39% vs. 2.28%; P≤ 0.01) and a trend (P = 0.06) for higher milk fat % (3.41% vs. 3.21%) were also observed. Both diets resulted in similar body weight, but CON-fed cows tended (P = 0.08) to have higher BCS. Higher plasma methionine levels were determined with SM compared with CON (29.6 vs. 18.4 μM; P < 0.01), but lysine and histidine were not different. Dietary supplementation of RPM improved productive performance by increasing milk yield and milk components yields, suggesting better dietary AA utilization when Met levels are adjusted in Lys-adequate lactation diets.

scholarly journals Effects of rumen-protected methionine supplementation on the performance of high production dairy cows in the tropics

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0243953
Author(s):  
Valdir Chiogna Junior ◽  
Fernanda Lopes ◽  
Charles George Schwab ◽  
Mateus Zucato Toledo ◽  
Edgar Alain Collao-Saenz
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Milk Composition

Increasing methionine availability in dairy cow diets during the first third of lactation may enhance their performance and health. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplementing rumen-protected methionine (Smartamine® M, SM) in a lactation diet with protein and energy levels calculated according to the literature. Seventy-six multiparous Holstein cows (39.1 ± 6.8 kg of milk/d and 65 ± 28 DIM) were assigned to 1 of 2 dietary treatments (38/treatment) according to a randomized complete block design with a 2-wk (covariate) and 10-wk experimental period. Treatments were a basal diet (CON; 3.77 Lys:1Met); and CON + 23 g SM (2.97 Lys:1 Met). Individual milk samples were taken every 2 weeks to determine milk composition. Blood was collected from 24 cows on d+30 d to measure plasma AA levels. Body weight and body condition score (BCS) were measured at the beginning and the end of the experiment. The SM diet promoted higher milk yield (41.7 vs. 40.1 kg/d; P = 0.03). Energy-corrected milk yield (41.0 vs. 38.0 kg/d), milk protein yield (1.30 vs. 1.18 kg/d), milk protein (3.14% vs. 2.97%) and casein (2.39% vs. 2.28%) were also different (P < 0.01) as well as milk fat yield (1.42 vs. 1.29 kg/d; P = 0.02). A trend (P = 0.06) for higher milk fat % (3.41% vs. 3.21%) was observed. Both diets resulted in similar body weight, but CON-fed cows tended (P = 0.08) to have higher BCS. Higher plasma methionine levels were determined with SM compared with CON (29.6 vs. 18.4 μM; P < 0.01), but lysine and histidine were not different. Dietary supplementation of RPM improved productive performance by increasing milk yield and milk components yields, suggesting better dietary AA utilization when Met levels are adjusted in Lys-adequate lactation diets.

PSVI-11 Effects of dietary supplementation of enzymatic bio-conversion of Scutellaria baicalensis extract as an alternative to antibiotics in growing pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 403-405
Author(s):  
Koo Deokho ◽  
Dang De Xin ◽  
Gao Shanshui ◽  
Lim Chain Bin ◽  
Kim Inho
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Positive Correlation

Abstract This study was carried out to assess the effects of dietary supplementation of enzymatic bio-conversion of Scuterallia baicalensis (SB) extract on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbiota, fecal gas emission, blood hematology, and antioxidative indicators in growing pigs. A total of 200 crossbred pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] with an initial body weight of 24.52 ± 1.99 kg were used in a 42-day experiment with a completely randomized block design. Pigs were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups with 10 replicate pens per treatment and 5 animals per pen (2 barrows and 3 gilts). There were four diet conditions: 1) CON, basal diet; 2) TRT1, basal diet + 0.1% apramycin; 3) TRT2, basal diet + 0.1% SB extract; 4) TRT3, basal diet + 0.1% enzymatic bio-conversion of SB extract. The pen was taken as the experimental unit. Tukey’s multiple range test was used for evaluation of differences among the treatments. Compared with the CON group, TRT1 or TRT3 groups had higher final body weight (BW) (P = 0.074) and average daily gain (ADG) (P = 0.075), and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P = 0.054). The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM) (P = 0.095) in TRT1 group was higher than that in CON group. Serum glutathione peroxidase (GPX) (P = 0.047) and glutathione (GSH) (P = 0.074) concentrations in TRT3 group were higher than those in CON or TRT1 groups. However, there were no significant differences in fecal microbiota, fecal gas emission, and blood hematology among all dietary groups. A positive correlation between apramycin supplementation in the diet and ADG and the ATTD of DM were observed. A positive correlation between enzymatic bio-conversion of SB extract supplementation in the diet and ADG and the concentration of GPX and GSH in serum were also observed.

Effect of royal jelly on milk composition and blood biochemical parameters in lactating ewes

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-181
Author(s):  
Mahmoud S. El-Tarabany ◽  
Akram A. El-Tarabany ◽  
Mostafa A. Atta ◽  
Omar A. Ahmed-Farid ◽  
Mohamed M. Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Biochemical

AbstractUse of antibiotics as feed additives has been reduced to avoid the hazard of drug residues, and consequently, the search for alternative natural additives has developed. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the influence of royal jelly (RJ) supplementation on milk composition, blood biochemical and antioxidant parameters of lactating ewes. Thirty-six Ossimi ewes were divided randomly into two groups (18 animals each). For a period of 4 weeks, the control group (CON) was fed a basal diet only, while the other group was fed the basal diet and supplemented with a single bolus of RJ (1000 mg/head). The RJ-supplemented ewes produced significantly higher milk protein, fat and total solids than the CON group. The RJ group had a significantly higher red blood cell count, haemoglobin content, haematocrit value and total leucocyte counts, but lower neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio when compared with the control treatment. The RJ group showed significantly higher concentrations of total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione in the serum compared with the control treatment. In conclusion, RJ supplements can improve the nutritive value of milk fat and the serum antioxidant activities in lactating ewes.

scholarly journals Effect of Oral Administration with Lactobacillus plantarum CAM6 Strain on Sows during Gestation-Lactation and the Derived Impact on Their Progeny Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
César Betancur ◽  
Yordan Martínez ◽  
Guillermo Tellez-Isaias ◽  
Rogel Castillo ◽  
Xinghua Ding
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Study Results

Background. To evaluate the biological response of the sows and their offspring with oral administration of Lactobacillus plantarum CAM6 in breeding sows, a total of 20 Pietrain breeding sows with three farrowings and their descendants were used, randomly divided into two groups of 10 sows each. Treatments included a basal diet (T0) and basal diet +10 mL biological agent containing 109 CFU/mL L. plantarum CAM6 (T1). No antibiotics were used throughout the entire experimental process of this study. Results. The L. Plantarum CAM6 supplementation in sows’ feeding did not affect ( P > 0.05 ) the reproductive performance of the sows; however, the number of deaths for their offspring before weaning ( P ≤ 0.05 ) decreased. In addition, the oral administration of Lactobacillus plantarum CAM6 in sows increased ( P ≤ 0.05 ) the content of lactose, nonfat solids, mineral salts, and the density of sows’ milk, with a decrease in milk fat. Moreover, the probiotic feed orally to the sows improved the body weight ( P ≤ 0.05 ) and reduced the diarrhea incidence of their offspring ( P ≤ 0.05 ). Also, the probiotic administration of sows changed ( P ≤ 0.05 ) the serum concentration of Na+, pCO2, and D-β-hydroxybutyrate and increased ( P ≤ 0.05 ) the leukocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets in their piglets. Conclusion. Oral administration of Lactobacillus plantarum CAM6 in breeding sows improved body weight, physiological status, and the health of their offspring. And preparing the neonatal piglets physiologically is of great importance to the pig farming industry which could decrease the operational cost and medication (especially antibiotics) consumption of the pig producers.

Production response to feeding wheat grain to milking cows

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
WJ Fulkerson ◽  
PJ Michell
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Production Response ◽  
Friesian Cows

Friesian cows in their 6th to 8th month of lactation, on a basal diet of 8 kg silage and 6.4 kg pasture (dry matter), were supplemented with 2.14 kg (2.4 kg as fed) of whole or hammermilled wheat (dry matter)/day. Cows fed hammermilled wheat produced 3.43 kg more milk fat and gained 10 kg more body weight than unsupplemented cows over the 8-week feeding period (February and March). Cows fed whole wheat produced no more milk fat but gained 6 kg more body weight than unsupplemented cows. The marginal response to feeding hammermilled wheat was 0.029 kg milk fat/kg wheat (dry matter). The difference in production response between whole and hammermilled wheat is in line with their apparent digestibilities of 14.4 and 93%, respectively.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the production characteristics of the Jamunapari goat and its adaptability to farm conditions in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Hassan ◽  
MAI Talukder ◽  
S Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Average Body

The growth rate, milk yield, milk composition and reproductive efficiency ofJamunapari goats were studied under semi-intensive conditions. Animals were allowedto graze for 6-7 hours and concentrate (17% CP, 11 MJ/kg DM) at 400g/head/day wasoffered twice daily. No body measurement was different in male and female goats. Theudder was capacious but pendulous. Testis length, breadth and scrotal circumferencewere 17.3 ± 1.5, 11.5 ± 1.7 and 42.4 ± 2.0 cm, respectively. The mean body weight at birthand at 12 months was 1.6 and 21.4 kg, respectively. The average growth rates of male andfemale kids were 59.4 and 48.2g/day, respectively. The overall rate of weight gain washighest in second month and lowest in 11th month. Highest milk yield was in secondmonth and lowest in the fifth month after kidding. Lactation length was 135.4 ± 14.9 and143.9 ± 13.2 days for does suckling one and two kids, respectively. Milk intake to growthratio was 15.6 ± 0.2 and 12.5 ± 0.3 for the litter size of one and two, respectively. Highestmilk fat, lactose and solids not fat (SNF) were in the later stage of lactation, whereasprotein and minerals were similar throughout the lactation. The average age at firstoestrus, age at first pregnancy and age at first kidding were 354.8 ± 17.1, 395.4 ± 29.6 and548.6 ± 68.1 days, respectively. The average number of services per pregnancy was 1.4.The gestation length was 152.8 ± 17.6 days. The average body weight just after kiddingand placenta weight were 26.7 kg and 342.4g, respectively. The overall litter size was 1.8and 32.9, 58.2 and 8.9% of kidding produced single, twins and triplets, respectively. Sexratio was 53.3 male to 46.7% female. Average onset of post-partum oestrus was 51 andinterval from parturition to pregnancy 69.3 days. Production of Jamunapari goats wascomparable with that of the Bengal goats.(Bangl. vet. 2010. Vol. 27, No. 1, 26 – 35)DOI: 10.3329/bvet.v27i1.5912

scholarly journals Effect of adding sunflower oil in the ration on some productive traits in Awassi ewes

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
Jassim E. AL-Mosawi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

     This study was designed to investigate the effects of the addition of different ratios of sunflower oil to the diet of Awasi ewes on the rumen fermentation and milk composition. It was conducted by using 12 Awassi ewes (2-3.5 years old) with average body weight 56.62 kg. The ewes were randomly divided into three groups. Each group had four ewes according to the age, body weight and milk yield. The ewe in each group received 1.4 kg/ dry matter for three rations consisting of barley, wheat bran, soybean meal and alfalfa hay. The first group was fed on control ration, while 2.5 and 5 % of sunflower oil were included in the rations of the second and third groups, respectively. The results showed that the treatments had no significant effect on the average body weight, milk production and milk composition (lactose, protein and SNF percentage). Milk Fat percentage was significantly (P<0.05) decreased in second and third groups (4.30 ±0.31 and 4.23 ±0.40) %, respectively as compared with the control group (5.89 ±0.53 %). The pH value of rumen liquor in hours (0 and 3) after feeding showed no significant differences between groups, also there were no significant differences in the volatile fatty acid and ammonia concentration in the rumen liquor in all groups, despite that the volatile fatty acid decreased insignificantly in all treated groups as compared with the control group after feeding. The blood parameters were not affected by the experimental treatments. These results indicated that the fermentation patterns were affected by the increased oil supplementation to the diet of ewes.

Collection of fore and hind milk from the sow and the changes in milk composition during suckling

1992 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig S. Atwood ◽  
Peter E. Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Rapid Analysis ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Short Time

SummaryA new sampling method for the collection of fore and hind milk from the sow has been developed which resembles normal milk removal by the piglet, yet overcomes the difficulties of collecting milk that is available for only a short time (10–20 s) at each let-down. Samples of hind milk were collected immediately after the completion of a successful sucking, while the fore milk was collected at the beginning of the next natural let-down. Modification of existing assays for fat, protein and lactose was required to provide rapid analysis of the small volumes (< 0·5 ml) of milk collected using this procedure, and these methods were validated by comparison with reference methods. Total solids and the concentration of fat in whole milk, and protein and lactose in skim milk, were measured in fore and hind milk collected from 4, 20, 12 and 12 sows respectively, 6–11 d post partum. For fore milk, the results (mean ± SD (n)) were: total solids, 199·9±9·9 g/1 (8); fat, 96·7 ± 13·9 g/1 (41), protein, 47·7±4·5 g/1 (27) and lactose, 58·3 + 4±0 g/1 (27). In hind milk, there was a significant increase in the concentration of fat (15·3 g/1, p < 0·001, n = 41) which was reflected by a significant increase in total solids (14·7 g/1, P < 0·001, n = 8) and calculated energy (511 kj/l, P < 0·001, n = 27), but there was no significant difference in the concentration of either protein or lactose. This increase in milk fat during milk letdown is in contrast to the results of most previous studies in the sow and is discussed in terms of the possible mechanisms that may cause the concentration of fat to increase as milk is removed from the mammary gland.

scholarly journals Effect of stearic or oleic acid on milk performance and energy partitioning when fed in diets with low and high rumen-active unsaturated fatty acids in early lactation

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 4647-4656
Author(s):  
Chen Yanting ◽  
Guiling Ma ◽  
Joseph H Harrison ◽  
Elliot Block
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Energy Partitioning ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Milk Performance

Abstract This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of stearic acid (SA; C18:0) or rumen-protected oleic acid (OA; C18:1 cis-9) on milk performance and energy partitioning of early lactation cows when supplemented in diets with low and high level of rumen unsaturated fatty acids (RUFA). In low RUFA experiment (LRUFA), FA supplement rich in either SA or calcium salts OA was added to a basal diet with a low concentration of RUFA (0.75% vs. 1.4%, LRUFA-SA vs. LRUFA-OA). In high RUFA experiment (HRUFA), 2% soybean oil was added to the diet fed in the LRUFA experiment. In each experiment, 30 multiparous cows were blocked by parity and predicted transmitting ability for milk yield and were randomly fed 1 of 2 treatment diets from 2 to 13 wk postpartum. In the LRUFA experiment, LRUFA-SA had 2.4 kg/d more dry matter intake (DMI) (P < 0.01), 3.8 kg/d more energy-corrected milk (P < 0.01), and 0.3% units more milk fat percentage (P < 0.01) and 0.2 kg/d more milk fat yield (P < 0.01). Dietary treatments did not affect body weight, energy balance, and energy intake partitioning into milk, maintenance, and body tissues (P > 0.1). In the HRUFA experiment, HRUFA-SA had 1.4 kg/d more DMI (P = 0.03) but similar milk and milk components yields (P > 0.1). HRUFA-SA had a tendency to gain more body weight (P = 0.07) and had more positive energy balance (P = 0.01) and decreased gross feed efficiency (milk yield/DMI) (P = 0.01). Consistently, HRUFA-SA increased intake energy partitioning into body tissues (P = 0.02) and decreased energy partitioning into milk (P = 0.01). In summary, SA supplementation had more DMI relative to OA, but the effects on milk and milk fat production were different and affected by the level of RUFA in the basal diet. In application, SA supplementation was more effective to improve milk production when included in the basal diet with the low RUFA.

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