scholarly journals Impact of Goji Berries (Lycium barbarum) Supplementation on the Energy Homeostasis of Rabbit Does: Uni- and Multivariate Approach

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2000
Author(s):  
Laura Menchetti ◽  
Giulio Curone ◽  
Egon Andoni ◽  
Olimpia Barbato ◽  
Alessandro Troisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Goji Berries

This study examined the effects of goji berries dietary supplementation on the energetic metabolism of doe. Thirty days before artificial insemination, 75 New Zealand White does were assigned to three different diets: commercial standard diet (C) and supplemented with 1% (LG) and 3% (HG) of goji berries, respectively. Body conditions, hormones and metabolites were monitored until weaning. Body weight and BCS were higher in HG than C (p < 0.05). LG showed lower T3/T4 ratio and cortisol concentrations (p < 0.05) and tended to have lower indices of insulin resistances (p < 0.1) than HG. Compared to control, leptin was higher in HG at AI (p < 0.01) and in LG during lactation (p < 0.05). Two principal components were extracted by multivariate analysis describing the relationships between (1) non-esterified fatty acids, insulin and glucose levels, and (2) body conditions and leptin metabolism. The first component highlighted the energy deficit and the insulin resistance of the does during pregnancy and lactation. The second one showed that leptin, body weight and Body Condition Score (BCS) enhance as levels of goji berries in the diet increase. Thus, the effects of goji supplementation are dose-dependent: an improvement on energy metabolism was achieved with a low-dose while the highest dose could determine excessive fattening and insulin resistance in does.

Effect of a Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Aloe vera Gel on Experimentally Induced Insulin Resistance in Mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (06) ◽  
pp. 1037-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Y. Pérez ◽  
Enrique Jiménez-Ferrer ◽  
Alejandro Zamilpa ◽  
Marcelino Hernández-Valencia ◽  
Francisco J. Alarcón-Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Insulin Tolerance ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Insulin resistance, which precedes type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a widespread pathology associated with the metabolic syndrome, myocardial ischemia, and hypertension. Finding an adequate treatment for this pathology is an important goal in medicine. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effect of an extract from Aloe vera gel containing a high concentration of polyphenols on experimentally induced insulin resistance in mice. A polyphenol-rich Aloe vera extract (350 mg/kg) with known concentrations of aloin (181.7 mg/g) and aloe-emodin (3.6 mg/g) was administered orally for a period of 4 weeks to insulin resistant ICR mice. Pioglitazone (50 mg/kg) and bi-distilled water were used as positive and negative controls respectively. Body weight, food intake, and plasma concentrations of insulin and glucose were measured and insulin tolerance tests were performed. The insulin resistance value was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) formula. Results showed that the polyphenol-rich extract from Aloe vera was able to decrease significantly both body weight ( p < 0.008) and blood glucose levels ( p < 0.005) and to protect animals against unfavorable results on HOMA-IR, which was observed in the negative control group. The highest glucose levels during the insulin tolerance curve test were in the negative control group when compared to the Aloe vera extract and pioglitazone treated mice ( p < 0.05). In conclusion, Aloe vera gel could be effective for the control of insulin resistance.

Influence of Lactobacillus brevis 15 and Lactobacillus plantarum 13 on blood glucose and body weight in rats after high-fructose diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yakovlieva ◽  
T. Tacheva ◽  
S. Mihaylova ◽  
R. Tropcheva ◽  
K. Trifonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

In recent years, many authors have investigated the possible antidiabetic effect of lactic acid bacteria. Lactobacillus species constitute a major part of the lactic acid bacteria group and have been found to exhibit beneficial effects on the development of diabetes and its complications. In the current study, we investigated the effects of newly characterised Bulgarian Lactobacillus strains, Lactobacillus brevis 15 and Lactobacillus plantarum 13, on blood glucose levels and body weight of rats fed a fructose-enriched diet. An experiment was conducted over a period of 8 weeks with 24 2-month-old Wistar rats randomly assigned to receive a standard diet (Con, control group), fructose-enriched diet (Fr group), standard diet with probiotics given twice a week (Pro group), and fructose-enriched diet with probiotics given twice a week (Pro+Fr group). At the end of the experimental period, a statistically significant increase in body weight was observed in all experimental groups (P<0.0001). The highest rise was seen in the fructose group (Fr, 169±19 g), followed by the Pro+Fr group (153±15 g), Pro group (149±13 g), and Con group (141±5 g). Moreover, the final blood glucose levels had risen significantly in the groups receiving fructose either without (Fr; P<0.0001) or with lactobacilli (Pro+Fr; P=0.002), while the rise was insignificant in the group of rats given probiotic supplementation only (Pro, P=0.071) and inexistent in the Con group (P=0.999). The highest elevation of blood glucose levels was observed in the Fr group (3.18 mmol/l), followed by the Pro+Fr group (2.00 mmol/l) whereas the Pro group showed the lowest levels (0.60 mmol/l). The results of our study suggest that the newly characterised Bulgarian Lactobacillus strains, L. brevis 15 and L. plantarum 13, could be considered as possible probiotics and might be able to prevent some metabolic disturbances.

scholarly journals Efek Hipoglikemik Kecambah Beras Merah pada Tikus yang Diinduksi STZ-NA dengan Parameter Kadar Insulin, Indeks HOMA-IR dan HOMA β (Hypoglycemic Effect of Red Rice Germ on Insulin Levels, HOMA-IR, and HOMA β Index of STZ-NA Induced Rats)

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
Nurhidajah Nurhidajah ◽  
Nurrahman Nurrahman
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Decrease Blood Glucose

The process of germination of grains such as rice, could increase some nutritional values of  amino acids and dietary fiber. Red rice and its sprouts are believed to be able to decrease blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of red rice sprouts in STZ-NA induced diabetic rats on blood glucose level, insulin level, and HOMA-IR and HOMA-β index. This experimental study was conducted based on randomized post test only control group design using 24 male Wistar rats aged 2.5 months. Rats were divided into 4 groups, one group without induction of STZ-NA fed with a standard diet (control) and three groups of STZ- NA induced with a standard diet, red rice and red rice germ. Experiments were conducted for 6 weeks. The results showed that sprouted red rice lowered blood glucose levels by 61.88 % and the value of HOMA-IR (insulin resistance parameters) by 56.82%. Insulin level increased by 16.35 % and HOMA-β by 763.6 %. This study showed that red rice germ was able to decrease blood glucose levels and increase insulin resistance of DM rats and the strength of the pancreatic beta cells. ABSTRAKProses perkecambahan biji-bijian seperti beras, dapat meningkatkan beberapa nilai gizi seperti asam amino dan serat pangan. Beras merah dan kecambahnya diyakini mampu menurunkan glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes melitus (DM). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi efek hipoglikemik kecambah beras merah pada tikus diabetes yang diinduksi STZ-NA terhadap kadar glukosa darah, insulin, serta indeks HOMA-IR dan HOMA β. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental in vivo pada hewan coba tikus Wistar jantan usia 2,5 bulan sebanyak 24 ekor dengan desain penelitian randomized post test only control group. Tikus dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, masing-masing 1 kelompok tanpa induksi STZ-NA dengan diet standar dan 3 kelompok diinduksi STZ-NA dengan diet standar, beras merah dan kecambah beras merah. Percobaan dilakukan selama 6 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kecambah beras merah mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah sebesar 61,88 % dan nilai HOMA-IR (parameter resistensi insulin) 56,82 %. Kadar insulin meningkat 16,35 % dan HOMA β 763,6 %. Disimpulkan, kecambah beras merah mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan memperbaiki kondisi resistensi insulin tikus DM, dan kekuatan sel beta pankreas.

The effect of hypercaloric diet and Quercetin on the full-transcriptome liver tissue profile of Zucker-LEPRfa rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 371-382
Author(s):  
Nikita V. Trusov ◽  
Sergey A. Apryatin ◽  
Aleksey Yu. Gorbachev ◽  
Vladimir A. Naumov ◽  
Kristina V. Mzhelskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Expression Of Genes

BACKGROUND: The peptidic hormone leptin (Lep) occupies a central place in the control of energy homeostasis and body weight in mammals. A convenient model for studying the role of impaired Lep reception is the Zucker-LEPRfa rats, which carry a mutation in the homozygote of the LEPR gene. Quercetin (Q; 3.3 ‘, 4’, 5.7-pentahydroxyflavone) is currently being considered as one of the promising biologically active substances, which allows to correct metabolic disorders in obesity and metabolic syndrome. AIM: to study changes in the expression of genes in liver tissue of rats with impaired receptivity of Lep under the influence of high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet (HFCR) or/and Q supplementation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 4 groups of six male Zucker-LEPRfa male rats were used in experiment. Within 61 days the animals of the 1st group (control) received a balanced semi-synthetic diet, the second group received the same diet with the addition of quercetin in a dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight, the third group — the HFCR (30% fat by dry weight and 20% fructose instead of water), the 4th group is the same diet and supplement of quercetin. Full transcriptional profiling of liver tissue was performed on microchips from the Gene Expression Hybridization Kit (Agilent Technologies), a real-time polymerase chain reaction combined with reverse transcription (RT-PCR) was performed for liver transcripts of Crot, FTO, NpY, Prdx1, Prom1, Ugt2b37 and GAPDH genes contained in liver tissue. RESULTS: It was shown that feeding of Zucker-LEPRfa rats with Q and/or HFCR led to significant changes in the level of transcription of 1604 genes in liver tissue, from which the effect of quercetin proper was manifested for 1396 genes. Changes were more pronounced in the transcriptome of liver tissue caused by HFCR, than caused by the addition of Q against the background of a standard diet. Q influenced the expression of genes responsible for xenobiotic detoxification processes (UGT2b37), redox homeostasis (Prdx1), beta-oxidation of fatty acids (Crot), and central mechanisms affecting hunger and satiety (NpY), and potentiated, or abolished the effects of HFCR against a number of other functionally important genes. Bioinformatic analysis revealed the influence of HFCR and/or Q on 23 metabolic pathways (KEGGS), of which 7 (the metabolism of steroids, arachidonic and linoleic acids, retinoids, drugs and xenobiotics (due to cytochrome P-450), bile secretion) were affected in all experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the transcriptome of the liver of Zucker-LEPRfa rats, caused by consumption of HFCR and/or Q, were consistent with experimental data on changes in short-term memory, anxiety and mineral metabolism in these animals.

scholarly journals Hypoglycaemic and anorexigenic activities of an α-amylase inhibitor from white kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Wistar rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 785-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Tormo ◽  
I. Gil-Exojo ◽  
A. Romero de Tejada ◽  
J. E. Campillo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Amylase Inhibitor ◽  
Kidney Beans

An inhibitor of α-amylase was isolated and purified from an extract of white kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). The acute oral administration of the inhibitor (50 mg/kg body weight) to adult Wistar rats together with a starch load (2 g/kg body weight suspended in NaCl (9 g/l)) reduced the increase in glycaemia over the basal value (NaCl, 222 (SEM 49); inhibitor, 145 (SEM 16) mmol/l×180 min; P<0.05) without modifying the insulin response. On administering the inhibitor orally (50 mg/kg body weight dissolved in NaCl (9 g/l)) for 21 d to rats fed on a standard diet, a decline was observed in the glycaemia values on day 0 (NaCl, 5.53 (SEM 0.12); inhibitor, 5.25 (SEM 0.16) mmol/l) relative to those obtained on days 10 (NaCl, 5.00 (SEM 0.14); inhibitor, 4.60 (SEM 0.08) mmol/l; P<0.05) and 21 (NaCl, 5.22 (SEM 0.22); inhibitor, 4.50 (SEM 0.12) mmol/l; P<0.01) of treatment, without modifying the plasma concentration of insulin. There was found to be a significant anorexigenic action of the inhibitor; there was reduced food intake (NaCl, 23.07 (SEM 0.31); inhibitor, 19.50 (SEM 0.49) g/d; P<0.01), a reduced weight gain (NaCl, 52 (SEM 3); inhibitor, −1.33 (SEM 8.9) g/21 d; P<0.01), as well as changes in the activity of some intestinal enzymes such as maltase (NaCl, 87 (SEM 7); inhibitor, 127 (SEM 11) U/g proteins; P<0.05). The present study has shown, for the first time, that the prolonged administration of an α-amylase inhibitor reduces blood glucose levels and body-weight gain in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Soderzhanie leptina i pokazateli uglevodnogoobmena u bol'nykh ozhireniem posledieto-refleksoterapii

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
T V Nikishova
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Empty Stomach ◽  
Treatment Programme ◽  
Glucose Levels

The article describes the results of a combined treatment by means of diet and reflexotherapy in primary obesity. After the described treatment programme the change in following parameters was observed: decrease of glucose levels, immuno-reactive insulin indices (on an empty stomach and 2 hours after taking 75g of glucose), leptin (after the course of treatment and a year later) with the association in decrease in body weight. The application of diet-reflexotherapy contributes to the decrease of appetite which results in the reduction of the amount of taken food due to rapid satiety during the meal, and allows alleviating of insulin resistance.

Body Condition Score (BCS) and Body Weight of Nellore Brown Sheep at Various Reproductive Stages in Different Systems of Rearing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rangamma ◽  
A. Sarat Chandra ◽  
N. Rajanna ◽  
M. Gnana Prakash ◽  
M. Venkateswarulu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

Background: Body Condition Score in sheep was used to evaluate the adequacy of previous feed supply, decide potential feed requirements in the future, evaluate individual animal health status, decide animal condition during daily routine, welfare inspection and in meat production systems.Methods: 60 Nellore brown ewes from Livestock Research Station, Mamnoor, Warangal district was randomly allotted to three rearing systems i.e Intensive (G1), Semi-intensive (G2) and Extensive (G3) system of each 20 animals. BCS and Body weight of the sheep was recorded at various reproductive stages i.e. just before breeding of animals, during pregnancy and lactation period to assess the nutritional status and reproductive performance of the sheep.Result: The mean average body weight (Kg) of pregnant ewes in G2 group had no significant (P less than 0.05) difference with G3 group. The average mean body weight (Kg) of ewes in G1 (27.58 ± 0.37kg) group had significant (P less than 0.05) difference with G2 (25.50 ± 0.32kg) group during lactation period of 90 days. The total gain of BCS during pregnancy period in the G1, G2 and G3 groups were 0.63 ± 0.06, 0.53 ± 0.06 and 0.44 ± 0.11, respectively. The overall mean BCS of the ewes 48hrs after lambing was higher in G1 (3.0 ± 0.10) group followed by G2 (2.73 ± 0.10) and G3 (2.38 ± 0.08) group.

The effects of underfeeding for 6 months during pregnancy and lactation on blood constituents, milk yield and body weight of dairy cows

1978 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Roberts ◽  
I. M. Reid ◽  
Sally M. Dew ◽  
A. J. Stark ◽  
G. D. Baird ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Cattle Husbandry

SummaryLong-term undernutritional stress is often a feature of sheep and beef cattle production, but has only become a major feature of dairy cattle husbandry in the United Kingdom in recent winters when food was short and expensive. An experiment was carried out to study the effects of long-term underfeeding during pregnancy and early lactation on some blood constituents, milk yield and composition and body weight of dairy cattle. Two groups of cattle were fed at 60 and 40% of the estimated requirements for maintenance and pregnancy or lactation for 13 weeks before and 13 weeks after calving, and one group was fed at the maintenance level only for the same period. A control group was fed at 100% of estimated requirements for this period. All groups were subsequently fed at the control level for a further 24 weeks.The experiment showed that cows undergoing long-term nutritional deprivation were able to maintain concentrations of blood constituents within narrow limits; the concentrations of such constituents as glucose or non-esterifled fatty acid did not reflect energy deficit or surplus. The animals remained clinically healthy during the underfeeding and recovery periods. The results suggest that debility occurring under field conditions in association with reduced food supply may be due to a multiplicity of factors or to severe imbalance of specific nutrients, rather than to energy or protein deficit alone.There was a difference in efficiency of utilization of energy of 19% between cows in the most severely underfed groups which maintained lactation and those which were not able to maintain lactation. There was evidence that this difference in efficiency was detectable within a few weeks of the start of the period of reduced nutrition. Animals which were less affected in the early stages of food deprivation were also those which maintained the advantage through the deprivation and recovery periods.

scholarly journals Efek hipoglikemik tepung komposit (ubi jalar ungu, jagung kuning, dan kacang tunggak) pada tikus diabetes induksi streptozotocin

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Carolina Sisca Djunaidi ◽  
Dian Rachmawanti Affandi ◽  
Danar Praseptiangga
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucose Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Glucose Levels

Background: The composite flour (50% sweet potato, 30% corn, and 20% cowpea) had proven that it could substitute 100% wheat flour for biscuit making. Intake of antioxidants, dietary fiber, and protein, had been known to reduce plasma glucose level. Objective: To evaluate the effect of composite flour diet on plasma glucose levels, body weight and food consumption of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats.Method: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats aged ± 2 months (± 200 grams), were divided into three groups of ten rats. They were (1) non-diabetic standard diet (ND-STD), (2) diabetic (65 mg/kg of body weight by STZ induction) standard diet (D-STD), and (3) diabetic composite flour diet (1,5 g/100 g of body weight/day) (D-CFD), for 4 weeks, 3 days after STZ induction. The plasma glucose obtained from GOD-PAP method were determined before induction, after induction and every week during diet intervention.Results: Plasma glucose levels was significantly lower in D-CFD when compared with D-STD (p<0,05). The weight of D-STD was found to be significantly decreased as compared to ND-STD (p<0,05). There were no changes in food consumption of ND-STD, D-STD and D-CFD (p<0,05).Conclusion: The composite flour could reduce plasma glucose level in diabetic rats and did not give negative effects on body weight and food consumption.

scholarly journals Conditional Inactivation of Limbic Neuropeptide Y-1 Receptors Increases Vulnerability to Diet-Induced Obesity in Male Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8745
Author(s):  
Silvia Paterlini ◽  
Riccardo Panelli ◽  
Laura Gioiosa ◽  
Stefano Parmigiani ◽  
Paolo Franceschini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Visceral Adipose

NPY and its Y1 cognate receptor (Y1R) have been shown to be involved in the regulation of stress, anxiety, depression and energy homeostasis. We previously demonstrated that conditional knockout of Npy1r gene in the excitatory neurons of the forebrain of adolescent male mice (Npy1rrfb mice) decreased body weight growth and adipose tissue and increased anxiety. In the present study, we used the same conditional system to examine whether the targeted disruption of the Npy1r gene in limbic areas might affect susceptibility to obesity and associated disorders during adulthood in response to a 3-week high-fat diet (HFD) regimen. We demonstrated that following HFD exposure, Npy1rrfb male mice showed increased body weight, visceral adipose tissue, and blood glucose levels, hyperphagia and a dysregulation of calory intake as compared to control Npy1r2lox mice. These results suggest that low expression of Npy1r in limbic areas impairs habituation to high caloric food and causes high susceptibility to diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance in male mice, uncovering a specific contribution of the limbic Npy1r gene in the dysregulation of the eating/satiety balance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document