scholarly journals Impact of High Temperature on Post-Exercise Albuminuria in Dogs

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1988
Author(s):  
Urszula Pasławska ◽  
Barbara Szczepankiewicz ◽  
Aleksandra Bednarska ◽  
Robert Pasławski
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Movement Activity ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Intensive Exercise ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The literature suggests that strenuous exercise and exposure to high temperatures may cause physiologic proteinuria, but to our knowledge there have been no studies that have assessed the effect of high temperatures on the occurrence of post-exercise albuminuria in dogs. The goal of the study was to assess the impact of high temperatures on the occurrence of albuminuria. Thirteen healthy adult dogs—eight female (62%) and five male (38%) had to run 5 km at a temperature of 25 °C in grasslands which took about 30–40 min. Dogs underwent clinical examinations: echocardiography, abdominal ultrasound, blood hematology and biochemistry and urinalysis, including the ratio of albumin to creatinine (UAC). Baseline UAC was on the borderline of statistical significance for female dogs, but not for male dogs, before and after exercise. UAC was 0.31 ± 0.56 mg/mmol for female dogs and 0.36 ± 0.60 mg/mmol in male dogs before exercise. Immediately after exercise, UAC was 0.51 ± 0.58 mg/mmol in female dogs and 0.31 ± 0.40 mg/mmol in male dogs. Thus, a period of about 30–40 min of intensive exercise at high temperatures (25 °C) did not lead to increased albuminuria. This suggests that there is no need to limit the movement activity before urine tests in dogs, even at high temperatures, before urinalysis.

scholarly journals Treatment of HIV-associated facial lipoatrophy: impact on infection progression assessed by viral load and CD4 count

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Machado Gonçalves Soares ◽  
Izelda Maria Carvalho Costa
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Undetectable Viral Load ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Facial Lipoatrophy ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: HIV/AIDS-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome includes changes in body fat distribution, with or without metabolic changes. The loss of fat from the face, called facial lipoatrophy, is one of the most stigmatizing signs of the syndrome.OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect of FL treatment using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) implants on disease progression, assessed by viral load and CD4 cell count.METHODS: This was a prospective study of 44 patients treated from July 2009 to December 2010. Male and female patients, aged over 18 years, with clinically detectable FL and who had never been treated were included in the study. PMMA implantation was done to fill atrophic areas. Laboratory tests were conducted to measure viral load and CD4 count before and after treatment.RESULTS: Of the 44 patients, 72.72% were male and 27.27% female, mean age of 44.38 years. Before treatment, 82% of patients had undetectable viral load, which increased to 88.6% after treatment, but without statistical significance (p = 0.67). CD4 count before treatment ranged from 209 to 1293, averaging 493.97. After treatment, the average increased to 548.61. The increase in CD4 count after treatment was statistically significant with p = 0.02.CONCLUSION: The treatment of FL with PMMA implants showed a statistically significant increase in CD4 count after treatment, revealing the impact of FL treatment on disease progression. Viral load before and after treatment did not vary significantly.

Accrual management and the decision to sell or hold shares acquired from the exercise of employee stock options

2020 ◽  
pp. 0000-0000
Author(s):  
Thomas Smith ◽  
G. Ryan Huston ◽  
Richard M. Morton
Keyword(s):  
Stock Option ◽  
Employee Stock Options ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Employee Stock Option ◽  
Holding Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Accrual Management ◽  
The Impact

This study extends the employee stock option literature by examining the impact of accrual management, before and after stock option exercise, on the timing of sales of shares acquired at exercise. We find evidence that accrual management prior to exercise is positively associated with the decision to quickly sell shares after exercise, facilitating a short-term exercise-and-sell strategy. Alternatively, we find that, among executives initially choosing to hold at exercise, tax incentives appear to drive both post-exercise accrual management and the timing of sale transactions. Specifically, our results suggest that executives use income-increasing accruals during the holding period to bolster their stock option gains sand then sell immediately after satisfying the minimum (twelve month) holding period for long-term capital gain treatment. These results provide context for prior research that found evidence of earnings management leading up to option exercise on the expectation of an immediate sale.

scholarly journals The impact of a heat and moisture exchange mask on respiratory symptoms and airway response to exercise in asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 00271-2019
Author(s):  
Anna R. Jackson ◽  
J.H. Hull ◽  
James G. Hopker ◽  
Hannah Fletcher ◽  
William Gowers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Heat And Moisture ◽  
The Impact

Respiratory symptoms, including cough, are prevalent in individuals with asthma when exercising. This study investigates whether a heat and moisture exchanger (HME) face mask is effective in modulating exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and post-exercise cough in a cold, dry environment in individuals with asthma.Twenty-six participants diagnosed with asthma (20 males, 6 females) completed three cycling exercise challenges at 8°C and 24% relative humidity in a randomised order. Participants wore either an HME mask (MASK), sham mask (SHAM), or no mask (CONT). Following a 3-min warm-up, participants completed 6-min cycling at 80% peak power output. Before and after exercise, maximal flow-volume loops were recorded. Post-exercise cough was monitored with a Leicester Cough Monitor (LCM) for 24 h. Results were analysed using repeated-measures ANOVA and Friedman's tests and data were presented as the mean±sd or median (interquartile range (IQR)).Eleven participants failed to demonstrate EIB (i.e. >10% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s after exercise) and were removed from analysis. The percentage fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s following exercise in CONT was greater than MASK (MASK: −6% (7%), SHAM: −11% (11%), CONT: −13% (9%); p<0.01). No difference was found between exercise in cough count per hour over the 24-h monitoring period or the number of coughs in the first hour after exercise.HME masks can attenuate EIB when exercising in cold, dry environments. The SHAM mask may not have been entirely inert, demonstrating the challenges of running randomised control trials utilising control and sham conditions.

scholarly journals Clinical and ultrasound findings before and after praziquantel treatment among Venezuelan schistosomiasis patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raiza Ruiz-Guevara ◽  
Belkisyolé Alarcón de Noya ◽  
Sharon Kay Valero ◽  
Pablo Lecuna ◽  
Miguel Garassini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Periportal Fibrosis ◽  
Praziquantel Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Complete Reversal ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Abdominal ultrasound can be a useful tool for diagnosing periportal fibrosis related to Schistosoma mansoni infection, and also for planning and monitoring the evolution of hepatic morbidity following control measures. We evaluated the standardized ultrasound methodology proposed by the World Health Organization for detecting periportal fibrosis and portal hypertension, among patients from an endemic area in Venezuela, and the impact of praziquantel treatment 3-5 years later. After chemotherapy, complete reversal of periportal lesions was observed in 28.2% of the cases and progression of the disease in 5.1%. Improvement in the hepatic disease started with a reduction in the periportal thickening followed by a decrease in the size of the left hepatic lobe, spleen and mesenteric and spleen veins. Ultrasound confirmed the clinical findings after chemotherapy among the patients with reversal of the disease. However, in patients with more advanced disease, these findings were contradictory. There was no correlation between evolution of the disease seen on ultrasound and age, intensity of infection or serological findings.

Survival outcome of veterans with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) treated with statins.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17018-e17018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanza S Abbas ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
Gustavo Rivero ◽  
Nicholas Mitsiades ◽  
Sarvari Yellapragada
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells ◽  
Morbidity Index ◽  
The Impact

e17018 Background: Recent studies have shown promising risk modifying effects of statin in various hematologic and solid tumors, such as its ability to induce apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells in-vitro. The impact of statin on MDS treatment outcome has not been evaluated. In this retrospective study, we have examined the overall survival (OS) in veteran MDS patients (pts) with and without exposure to statin with the initial hypothesis that it may impact OS. Methods: After IRB approval, data was collected from Michael E DeBakey VAMC Cancer Registry from January 2000 to October 2011. Pts were included if they had morphological evidence of MDS at the time of diagnosis. Statin exposure was defined as concurrent statin use for at least 6 months prior to and at the time of diagnosis. The primary end-point was OS before and after adjustment with MDS Co-morbidity Index (MDS-CI). Prism 5 was used for statistical analysis. Results: 104 pts with MDS were identified with baseline characteristics depicted in the table. OS of pts exposed to statin was significantly longer when compared with pts not exposed to statin (950d vs 419d, p<0.05). This improvement was especially prominent in pts with higher comorbidities (MDS-CI score>2) (1062d vs 219d, p<0.05) and specifically in those with higher cardiac comorbidities. OS in pts with lower MDS-CI scores was higher in patients on statin but there was no statistical significance (901d vs 663d, p=0.57). Conclusions: In this retrospective study, concurrent statin exposure significantly improved OS in pts with MDS. This improvement, however, was statistically significant in pts with higher overall and cardiovascular co-morbidities. These findings suggest a limited direct anti-tumor benefit of statin in MDS, although the results may have been influenced by the sample size and retrospective design. Prospective studies after stratification by IPSS and MDS-CI are needed to further evaluate the risk-modifying effects of statin in MDS. [Table: see text]

The impact of a digital solution on tumor board preparation time for nurse navigators.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18020-e18020
Author(s):  
Donna Fowler ◽  
Lincoln R Sheets ◽  
Matthew S Prime ◽  
Athanasios Siadimas ◽  
Yariv Z Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Tumor Board ◽  
P Value ◽  
Preparation Time ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Oncology Nurse ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

e18020 Background: A multidisciplinary tumor board (MTB) provides an interdisciplinary approach for decision-making in cancer care. Oncology nurse navigators (NN) have been introduced to facilitate patient access to services and resources, and to improve continuity and coordination of care. Little is known about how digital technologies support this role. Methods: A prospective IRB approved cohort study was undertaken to evaluate NN time preparation for MTBs before and after the implementation of the NAVIFY Tumor Board (NTB) solution at University of Missouri Health Care (MU). Data was collected using a digital time-tracking application. The NTB manual version was implemented via a phased roll-out (Hematology – Apr 9, 2018; Breast May 18, 2018; Gastrointestinal Jul 11, 2018). Subsequently, the integrated version was introduced (Oct 4, 2018). Results: Time preparation for 101 MTBs (828 cases) were evaluated throughout 2018 (35 Breast; 213 cases / 32 GI; 302 cases / 34 Hematology; 313 cases). Data showed NN meeting preparation time decreased for each MTB after the introduction of NTB; further time saving was achieved with NTB integrated version (Table 1). For the Breast MTB there was statistical significance between time preparation pre- & post-NTB (p-value = 0.011) but not between the manual and integrated versions (p-value = 0.118). For the Gastrointestinal MTB, there was no statistical significance between pre- & post-NTB (p-value = 0.214). For Hematology MTB there was statistical significance between the change from the NTB manual version vs. integration (p-value = 0.004). Note before NTB implementation Hematology MTB was not supported by NN. Conclusions: Introduction of the NTB reduced time spent by NNs preparing for 3 different MTBs, EMR integration delivered further time-savings. No discernable learning curve was observed suggesting user-training was sufficient and NTB was easy to learn. A reduction in variance (SD & IQR) for time preparation across all MTBs was seen. This suggests the NTB solution standardized the process for MTB preparation. Less time spent preparing for MTBs gives NNs more time to support patients.

scholarly journals Assessing the effectiveness of financial regulation in the English Football League

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1876-1897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Evans ◽  
Geoff Walters ◽  
Richard Tacon
Keyword(s):  
Financial Regulation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sports Leagues ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an assessment of the effectiveness of the Salary Cost Management Protocol, a form of financial regulation introduced by the English Football League in 2004 to improve the financial sustainability of professional football (i.e. soccer) clubs. Design/methodology/approach The analytical approach is to assess the effect of the regulation from evidence of change in measures of the financial performance of clubs drawing on three criteria: profitability, liquidity and solvency. A unique database was created from the published financial statements and notes to the accounts of the clubs in the Tier 4 league (known since 2004 as League Two) from 1994 to 2014 to encapsulate the 10-year period before and after the regulation was introduced. To show trends in the data within the study period, the data are reported in graphical form. The statistical significance of change in both the slope and intercepts for trends between breaks of interest in the data is estimated by linear regression. Findings The results show that financial regulation failed to significantly improve the profitability or the solvency of football clubs in League Two. Whilst the liquidity of the clubs improved in response to the introduction of the financial regulation, the results show this was only in the year in which the financial regulation was introduced. Research limitations/implications The results extend theoretical debate on financial regulation in sports leagues by moving beyond the assumption that financial regulation is a “technical exercise” to provide an alternative way of thinking about financial regulation as a “legitimising exercise”. Originality/value This is the first study to assess the impact of financial regulation for football league clubs over a longitudinal period. It is also extends previous research in which only single aspects of the financial sustainability of football clubs, such as insolvency, have been considered.

scholarly journals Addictive Internet Gaming Usage among Korean Adolescents before and after the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison of the Latent Profiles in 2018 and 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7275
Author(s):  
Dongil Kim ◽  
Junwon Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Gaming ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Internet Games ◽  
The Impact

Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the heightened risk of school closures and mental disorders has made adolescents particularly vulnerable to developing internet gaming disorder (IGD). There have been reports of increased time spent playing games on the internet among adolescents during the pandemic, and the risk of developing IGD may be higher for adolescents in South Korea as the majority of them play games on the internet. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have examined the impact of the pandemic on adolescents’ internet gaming behavior in South Korea. This study aimed to explore the different profiles of addictive internet gaming behavior among adolescents before and after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and examine how the pandemic influenced addictive internet gaming usage and time spent playing games on the internet. Nationally representative survey data from the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family with 3040 and 2906 responses from 2018 and 2020, respectively, were analyzed. Using seven factors of a maladaptive gaming usage scale (tolerance, withdrawal, excessive usage, control impairment, compulsive usage, neglecting daily activity, and gaming despite negative consequence), a four-profile model was selected in both 2018 and 2020 for latent profile analysis: ‘casual’ gamer, ‘moderate’ gamer, ‘potential-risk’ gamer and ‘addictive’ gamer. The results from the two-way ANCOVA showed significant interaction between the cohorts (2018 cohort vs. 2020 cohort) and the four profiles on addictive internet gaming usage (F = 119.747, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.05), including time spent playing internet games on a PC (F = 22.893, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.013), and time spent playing games on a mobile phone (F = 3.245, p < 0.05, η2 = 0.02). The results indicated that the increase of addictive internet gaming usage and gameplay time differed by profile. The results imply that the increase in gameplay time was higher for profiles with higher scores in addictive internet gaming usage for internet games played on a PC while the relationship was not obvious for games played on a mobile phone. Despite the statistical significance, there was only 1.2% to 4.9% of mean difference in addictive internet gaming usage between the 2018 and 2020 cohorts, which implies little clinical significance. While adolescents of the four profiles showed no significant signs of increased addictive internet gaming usage, the addictive gamer profile demonstrated a significant increase in game time after COVID-19.

scholarly journals Spinal Hemangioblastomas: Analysis of Surgical Outcome and Prognostic Factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Feletti ◽  
Alessandro Boaro ◽  
Davide Giampiccolo ◽  
Giorgio Casoli ◽  
Fabio Moscolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Neurological Condition ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vhl Disease ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background. The prognostic factors for surgically removed spinal hemangioblastomas, the impact of VHL disease on outcome, and the role of intraoperative neuromonitoring are still not completely clear. The aim of this study was to review our experience with spinal hemangioblastomas in order to assess potential predictors of neurological outcome after surgery.Methods. All cases of spinal hemangioblastomas removed at two Italian academic institutions from 1985 to 2020 were reviewed. Data about clinical presentation and symptoms duration, diagnosis of VHL, surgical approach, use of IONM, duration of hospital stay, follow up, McCormick grade before and after surgery were extracted.Results. Sixty-one patients (31 F, 30 M) underwent 69 surgeries to remove 74 spinal hemangioblastomas (37 cervical, 32 thoracic, 5 lumbar). Improvement was found in 32.3% of cases, neurological condition remained stable in 51.6% of cases, and deteriorated in 16.1% of patients.A worsening trend in VHL patients and an improvement trend in non-VHL patients were detected, despite the lack of statistical significance. Laminotomy and use of IONM were found to be associated with better outcome, although no association was found between surgery without IOM and worse outcome.Conclusion. In most cases, patients affected by spinal hemangioblastomas can expect a good long-term outcome. In our experience, laminotomy seems to be associated with better outcome compared to laminectomy. While its absence is not associated with worse outcome, IONM seems to be associated with a better neurological outcome. Our study suggests that the more impaired the preoperative neurological condition, the worse the outcome.

scholarly journals Impact of Merger on HDFC Bank Financial Performance: A CAMEL Analysis Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Shweta Yadav ◽  
Jonghag Jang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
T Test ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Research Technique ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The main purpose of this study is to examine the impact on financial performance of HDFC Bank before and after the merger and to compare the pre and post-merger effect caused on its financial performance by CAMEL Analysis. The data used in the study is secondary data covering total time period of ten years which include five year prior merger (2003-2008) and five year of post-merger period (2009-2014). The research technique used in this study is CAMEL Analysis. Paired sample T-test has been also conducted to check the statistical significance difference between before and after merger CAMEL ratios and to measure the effect of merger on financial performance. The result showed that the financial performance of HDFC increased after the merger and positively impacted by the act of merger.

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