scholarly journals Anticoccidial Effect of Herbal Powder “Shi Ying Zi” in Chickens Infected with Eimeria tenella

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1484
Author(s):  
Xu Song ◽  
Yunhe Li ◽  
Shufan Chen ◽  
Renyong Jia ◽  
Yongyuan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Eimeria Tenella ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Prophylactic Effect ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Anticoccidial Effect ◽  
Positive Controls

Coccidiosis is one of the most economically important diseases affecting the poultry industry. Currently, anticoccidial drugs used in veterinary clinics show many deficiencies, and new control measures are urgently needed. This study presents an anticoccidial herbal powder “Shi Yin Zi”, which consists of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss, Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz., and sodium chloride. In chickens infected with Eimeria tenella, supplementation with “Shi Yin Zi” powder for 3 d prior to infection or treatment with “Shi Yin Zi” powder after infection could improve the survival rate and relative growth rate and alleviate the pathological changes in the cecum, liver, and kidney. “Shi Yin Zi” powder could recover the levels of alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, albumin, and triglycerides in serum. The hemorrhage occurrence and total number of oocysts in feces were reduced. The anti-coccidial indexes reached 165 for the prophylactic effect and 144 for the therapeutic effect. The anti-coccidial effects were equal to positive controls (monensin and sulfamlopyrazine). These results suggest that “Shi Ying Zi” powder possesses a potent anticoccidial effect and exhibits the potential to control E. tenella infection.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TEPUNG TELUR AYAM AFKIR PADA PAKAN BUATAN YANG BERPROBIOTIK TERHADAP EFISIENSI PEMANFAATAN PAKAN, PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELULUSHIDUPAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus). (The Effect Of Chicken Eggs Rejects Powder In Artificial Feed With Added Probiotic On Efficiency Feed Utilization, Growth And Survival Rate Of Dumbo Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus))

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Suminto Suminto ◽  
Titik Susilowati ◽  
Bambang Argo Wibowo ◽  
Diana Chilmawati
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Chicken Egg ◽  
Egg Powder

Pengembangan budidaya ikan lele, Clarias gariepinus sering terjadi kendala dengan biaya pakan yang terlalu tinggi (60-70% dari biaya produksi). Barangkali, penggunaan bahan baku lokal seperti pemanfaatan tepung telur ayam yang nilai nutrisinya tinggi, mudah didapat, dan murah harganya merupakan salah satu solusinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung telur ayam afkir dalam pakan buatan yang berprobiotik terhadap efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan, pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan ikan lele dumbo (C. gariepinus). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang menggunakan  4 perlakuan dan masing-masing 3 kali kali ulangan. Perlakuan itu adalah pakan yang tanpa menggunakan tepung telur ayam afkir (Perlakuan A), pakan yang menggunakan tepung telur afkir masing-masing sebanyak 15%, 30%, dan 45% sebagai Perlakuan B, C, dan D. Ikan uji  bibit lele dumbo (C. gariepinus) yang ditebar mempunyai bobot rerata 2.04±0.05 g dengan kepadatan 1 ekor/L yang dipelihara selama 42 hari. Variabel data yang diukur meliputi Tingkat Konsumsi Pakan (TKP), Efisiensi Pemanfaatan Pakan (EPP), Feed Convertion Ratio (FCR), Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER), Relative Growth Rate (RGR), dan Survival Rate (SR). Hasil penelitian ditunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung telur ayam afkir pada pakan buatan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (p < 0.05) terhadap TKP, EPP, FCR, PER, dan RGR, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata (P≥0,05) terhadap SR. Perlakuan dengan penambahan tepung telur ayam afkir sebanyak 30% (Perlakuan C) memberikan nilai terbaik untuik TKP sebesar 146,87%, EPP sebesar 88,77%, PER sebesar 2,61% dan RGR sebesar 7,65%/hari dari perlakuan lainnya. Monitoring nilai kualitas air pada media pemeliharaan telah menunjukkan bahwa pada kisaran yang layak untuk pemeliharaan ikan uji. Catfish cultivation development, Clarias gariepinus often occur constraints with the high cost of feed  (60-70% of the production cost). Perhaps, the use of local raw materials such as the utilization of rejected chicken egg with high nutritional value, easy to obtain, and cheap price is one of the solution. The purpose of this research was to know the effect of addition of rejected chicken egg  powder inprobiotized artificial feed on the efficiency of feed utilization, growth and survival rate of catfish, C. gariepinus. This study was used an experimental method with completely randomized design (RAL) by using 4 treatments and each of them 3 replications. The treatments were feed without use of rejected chicken egg powder  (Treatment A), feed using 15%, 30%, and 45% of powder  meals of rejected chicken egg  as treatment B, C, and D, respectively. Catfish, C. gariepinus seeds were stocked with a mean weight of 2.04 ± 0.05 g with a density of 1 tail / L and cultured  for 42 days. The data variables measured were  Total of Feed Consumption (TFC), Feed Utilization Efficiency (FUE), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER), Relative Growth Rate (RGR), and Survival Rate (SR). The results showed that the use of chicken egg starch in artificial feed gave a real effect (p <0.05) on TFC, FUE, FCR, PER, and RGR, but no significant effect (P≥0,05) on SR. Treatment with the addition of 30% chicken meal (Treatment C) had the best value for TFC at 146.87%, the FUE of 88.77%, the PER of 2.61%  and the RGR of 7.65% / day than of the another treatments. Monitoring of  water quality values on maintenance media has shown that at a reasonable range for the maintenance of catfish culture.

scholarly journals Effectivity of Probiotic Bacteria in Feed on Growth and Survival Rate of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Nurbety Tarigan ◽  
Firat Meiyasa
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Randomized Design

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the commercial bacterial probiotic addition in feed on growth and survival rate of common carp. This research was conducted from July to September 2018. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications. The initial body length of juveniles was 5-6 cm with density 1 juvenile/litersfor 42 days. In this research, we used different dosages of commercial probiotics 0, 5, 10 and 15 ml/kg. The results showed that the administration of those probiotics in the feed had a significant effect on the relative growth rate, survival rate, efficiency of feed utilization, and protein efficiency ratio on carp juvenile. Administration of probiotics at 15 ml/kg is the best treatment for a relative growth rate 2.96%, survival rate 100%, efficiency of food utilization 72.07%, and protein efficiency ratio 12.19%. In conclusions, probiotics mixed in feed are able to increase the digestibility of feed so that it supports the growth and survival rate of common carp.

scholarly journals WATER LEVEL VARIATIONS FOR EGG HATCHABILITY AND LARVAL SURVIVAL OF KELABAU FISH (Osteochilus melanopleura Blkr)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Rukmini Rukmini
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Egg Hatchability ◽  
Water Level Variations

The purposes of this study were to observe and analyze the water level variations of the culture media that were optimal for egg hatchability and larval survival of kelabau fish kept in aquarium. This study was conducted in the Freshwater Aquaculture Development Centre (FADC) Banjar Regency in August 2015. The method used in this study was experimental, using a completely randomized design with 3 treatments (A = water level of 15 cm/aquarium), (B = water level of 25 cm/aquarium), (C = water level of 35 cm/aquarium) and 3 replications. The parameters measured in this study were the egg hatchability, survival rate, relative growth rate, and water quality (temperature, pH, DO, Ammonia). Data were analyzed by Anova and the differences between treatments were tested with Duncan test. The results showed that the water level very significantly affected the egg hatchability with the highest value in B (38.29%) followed by C (31.83%) and A (14.04%). The highest survival rate was in C (79.73%) followed by B (65.10%) and A (21.83%). The relative growth rate had not significant effect with the average results between all treatments (104.92 – 117.27%). The water quality of the culture media was still good to support the growth and survival of fish.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MADU PADA PAKAN BUATAN DENGAN DOSIS YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERFORMA LAJU PERTUMBUHAN RELATIF, EFISIENSI PEMANFAATAN PAKAN DAN KELULUSHIDUPAN IKAN BANDENG (Chanos chanos)

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dini Islamiyah ◽  
Diana Rachmawati ◽  
Titik Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Chanos Chanos ◽  
Relative Growth

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Kualitas pakan yang baik selain dari kandungan protein, juga berasal dari kandungan mineral yang terdapat di dalamnya. Penambahan madu dalam pakan buatan mampu memberikan kadar mineral yang dibutuhkan tubuh untuk pertumbuhan. Madu mengandung mineral-mineral yang berfungsi untuk pembentukan sel, pengatur kadar air dalam tubuh dan mengandung antioksidan yang dapat berfungsi untuk ketahanan tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan madu pada pakan buatan terhadap laju pertumbuhan relatif, efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan dan kelulushidupan ikan bandeng (<em>Chanos chanos</em>). Ikan uji yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ikan bandeng (<em>C. chanos</em>) ukuran nener dengan rata-rata bobot awal sebesar 0.8 – 1.2g dengan jumlah padat tebar 25 ekor/wadah. Frekuensi pemberian pakan dilakukan 3 kali sehari pada pukul 07.00 WIB, 12.00 WIB dan 17.00 WIB sebesar 5% dari bobot biomassa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali pengulangan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah penambahan madu dengan dosis yang berbeda pada pakan buatan, antara lain: A (0 ml/kg pakan); B (125 ml/kg pakan); C (250 ml/kg pakan) dan D (375 ml/kg pakan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan madu pada pakan buatan memberikan pengaruh nyata (P&lt;0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan bobot mutlak (W), laju pertumbuhan relatif (RGR), efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan (EPP) dan protein efesiensi rasio (PER) serta tidak berpengaruh nyata (P&gt;0,05) terhadap Survival Rate (SR). Perlakuan D (375ml/kg pakan) merupakan perlakuan terbaik yang memberikan nilai tertinggi pada W (249,53±2,75g); RGR (24,55±0,17%/hari); EPP (47,36±0,50%), dan PER (1,81±0,08%). Kualitas air pada media pemeliharaan yang meliputi suhu, DO, pH, amonia dan salinitas tergolong pada kisaran yang sesuai untuk budidaya ikan bandeng (<em>C. chanos</em>).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>:Pakan; Madu; Ikan Bandeng; Dosis</p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><em>The quality of the feed is good aside from the content of protein as well as from mineral contained therein. Addition of honey in artificial fish feed could gave some minerals which needed for growing up. Honey contains minerals that served for the establishment of a regulator, cell water content in the body and contains antioxidants that could served for the resilience of the body. This research aims to know the effect of the addition of honey in the feeding -made against relative growth rate, efficiency of feed utilization and the survival rate of milkfish (</em>Chanos chanos<em>). The fish used in this research is the milkfish (</em>C. chanos<em>) in size with an average weight of 0.8 – 1.2 g to the amount of dense stocking 25-ind /cages. Frequency of feeding was done in 3 times a day at 7:00 PM GMT, 12:00 PM GMT and 17:00 PM GMT amounting to 5% of the weight of biomass. This research was conducted with the experimental method using random design complete (RAL), with the 4 treatments and repetition as much as 3 times. The treatments in this study is the addition of honey with different doses in artificial feed such as  A (0 ml/kg of feed); B (125 ml/kg of feed); C (250 ml/kg of feed) and D (375 ml/kg of feed). The results showed that the addition of honey in artificial feed has significant (P &lt; 0.05) in absolutally weight (W), relative growth rate (RGR), efficiency of feed utilization (EPP) and protein effeciency ratio (PER) and has no significant (P &gt; 0.05) for survival rate (SR).  The treatment D is the best once which has gave the highest value on the W (249,53 ± 2,75 g); RGR (24,55 ± 0,17 %/day); EPP (47,36±0,50%), and PER (1.81±0.08%). Water quality maintenance of media such as temperature, DO, pH, salinity and ammonia have in range that is suitable for the cultivation of milkfish (</em>C. chanos<em>).</em><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Feed, Honey, Milkfish, Doses</em></p>

scholarly journals The utilization of different combination and level of corn, tapioca and pollard on the growth performance of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) juvenile

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
M. Agus Suprayudi ◽  
Dedi Yaniharto ◽  
. Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Black Tiger Shrimp

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of carbohydrate level and sources on the growth performance of black tiger shrimp <em>Penaeus monodon </em>juvenile. Four shrimp diet contains isoprotein (35%) and isoenergy-protein ratio (8.2 kkcal/g protein) but different in carbohydrate level were used in this experiment. Diet A and B containing carbohydrate at the level of 34%, while diet C and D contain 40% of carbohydrate.  Diet A and diet C have similar carbohydrate source pollard and corn plus tapioca at the ratio of 1:1, where diet B and D was 2:1:1.  Shrimp with 1.5±0.1 g of average body weight were reared in aquarium at the density of 10 shrimp/aquaria and fed 4 times daily at the level of 8% of body weight. Feed consumption, total and protein digestibility, protein and lipid retention, relative growth rate, feed efficiency, survival rate and feed conversion ratio was used as evaluating parameters. The results showed that all diets  have similar  effect on total and protein digestibility, protein and lipid retention, relative growth rate, feed efficiency, and survival rate (P>0.05). It is concluded that <em>Penaeus monodon </em>juvenile could utilize carbohydrate until the level of 40%, and shrimp could utilize corn and tapioca as good as pollard. <p>Keyword: <em>Peneaus monodon</em>, carbohydrate, pollard, corn, tapioca, growth</p> <p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p> <p><em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek penggunaan </em><em>dua kadar karbohidrat berbeda dari kombinasi </em><em>tepung tapioka, tepung jagung dan tepung </em><em>pollard</em><em> </em><em>dalam pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan juvenil udang windu Penaeus monodon. </em>Pakan uji yang digunakan mengandung kadar protein (35%) dan rasio energi-protein (8,2 kkal g protein) yang sama, tetapi berbeda kadar karbohidrat. Pakan A dan B mengandung kadar karbohidrat 34%, sedangkan pakan C dan D mengandung karbohidrat 40%. Pakan A dan C mengandung kadar karbohidrat sama dengan sumber <em>pollard</em>, jagung  dan tapioka dengan rasio 1:1:1, sedangkan pakan B dan D dengan rasio 2:1:1. Larva dengan bobot 1,5±0,1 g dipelihara dalam akuarium selama 60 hari dengan kepadatan 10 ekor/akuarium.  larva diberi pakan sebanyak 4 kali sehari sebanyak 8% dari bobot biomassa. Parameter yang diamati adalah tingkat konsumsi pakan, kecernaan total dan protein, retensi protein, retensi lemak, pertumbuhan relatif, efisiensi pakan, kelangsungan hidup dan konversi pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua pakan perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang sama terhadap  tingkat konsumsi pakan, kecernaan total dan protein, retensi protein, retensi lemak, pertumbuhan relatif, efisiensi pakan, konversi pakan dan kelangsungan hidup (P>0,05).  Dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa juvenil <em>Penaeus monodon</em> mampu memanfaatkan karbohidrat sampai kadar 40%, dan udang mampu memanfaatkan tepung jagung dan tapioka seperti halnya <em>pollard</em>.</p> <p>Kata kunci: <em>Penaeus monodon</em>, karbohidrat, <em>pollard</em>, taioka, jagung, pertumbuhan</p>

Pathological changes induced in avian liver and kidney after intramuscular injection of the crude venom and phospholipase A2 fraction of Bothrops insularis

Toxicon ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
A.C.F. D'Abreu ◽  
C.C.L. Paronetto ◽  
J.C. Cogo ◽  
L. Rodrigues-Simioni ◽  
M.A. Cruz-Höfling
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Crude Venom ◽  
Liver And Kidney

scholarly journals MSCs derived from amniotic fluid and umbilical cord require different administration schemes and exert different curative effects on different tissues in rats with CLP-induced sepsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Chen ◽  
Yingjun Xie ◽  
Xuan Zhong ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Yu Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Different Tissues

Abstract Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are derived from multiple tissues, including amniotic fluid (AF-MSCs) and the umbilical cord (UC-MSCs). Although the therapeutic effect of MSCs on sepsis is already known, researchers have not determined whether the cells from different sources require different therapeutic schedules or exert different curative effects. We assessed the biofunction of the administration of AF-MSCs and UC-MSCs in rats with caecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. Methods CLP was used to establish a disease model of sepsis in rats, and intravenous tail vein administration of AF-MSCs and UC-MSCs was performed to treat sepsis at 6 h after CLP. Two phases of animal experiments were implemented using MSCs harvested in saline with or without filtration. The curative effect was measured by determining the survival rate. Further effects were assessed by measuring proinflammatory cytokine levels, the plasma coagulation index, tissue histology and the pathology of the lung, liver and kidney. Results We generated rats with medium-grade sepsis with a 30–40% survival rate to study the curative effects of AF-MSCs and UC-MSCs. MSCs reversed CLP-induced changes in proinflammatory cytokine levels and coagulation activation. MSCs ameliorated CLP-induced histological and pathological changes in the lung, liver and kidney. AF-MSCs and UC-MSCs functioned differently in different tissues; UC-MSCs performed well in reducing the upregulation of inflammatory cytokine levels in the lungs and inhibiting the inflammatory cell infiltration into the liver capsule, while AF-MSCs performed well in inhibiting cell death in the kidneys and reducing the plasma blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, an indicator of renal function. Conclusions Our studies suggest the safety and efficacy of AF-MSCs and UC-MSCs in the treatment of CLP-induced sepsis in rats and show that the cells potentially exert different curative effects on the main sepsis-affected tissues.

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