scholarly journals Association between Attitude and Empathy with the Quality of Human-Livestock Interactions

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Felipe Leon ◽  
Jorge Alberto Sanchez ◽  
Marlyn H. Romero
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Animal Interaction ◽  
Working Day ◽  
Questionnaire Pack

The human-animal interactions are a key component of human and animal welfare. The quality of this interaction can therefore be assessed by measuring the reaction response of the animals to the handler’s behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between attitude and empathy towards the animals with the quality of human-livestock interactions. Additionally, we aimed to investigate whether the quality of cattle handling deteriorates as the working day progresses. A total of 18 livestock handlers and 1514 Colombian commercial Zebu steers were evaluated. A questionnaire pack consisting of 50 questions regarding demographic information, attitude and empathy characteristics was applied, using a structured interview. Each handlers’ responses to positive and negative attitude and empathy questions were calculated to produce a composite score. Observations of human-animal interactions were made at three times during the day (5:00, 7:00 and 9:00), each observation lasting 30 min. The handlers had an average age of 39.4 ± 3.4 y (range = 18–66 y), with little schooling but a lot of experience in the trade (17.13 ± 14.21 y). During handling, hitting, prodding and hand raising predominated over other actions (p < 0.05), and in response, the cattle behaved by freezing and running. Significant differences were found in the interactions used by handlers depending on the time of day (p < 0.05). The empathy total score ranged from 20 to 100, and the attitude total score between 24 and 120. The average attitude and empathy scores for handlers were 85.05 ± 6.92 (mean ±SD; range, 73–97) and 74.61 ± 4.72 (mean ±SD; range, 65–83), respectively. It has been concluded that there is an association between handlers’ attitudes and empathy towards animals and the quality of human-animal interaction during pre-slaughter.

scholarly journals They Cannot Be Left to the Brutality of a Cruel Group: An Ottoman Scholar’s Treatise on Dogs

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Necmettin Kızılkaya (نجم الدين كزيلكايا)
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
History Books ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Several studies have been written on the subject of animals in the Ottoman Empire, with a focus on dogs in particular. Most of these studies cover the subject through various sources, including history books, biographies, travelogues, and diaries. Although studying the issue via these sources is important, several works written in the Ottoman period, especially distinct treatises, provide more concrete information on the subject. These treatises have the unique quality of providing insight into many points, especially with relevance to the concepts on which the scholars and thinkers of the period examined the human-animal relationship, and also the arguments they advanced to establish this relationship. One such treatise was written by Mustaqīmzāde (d. 1202/1788) in the 12th/18th century. This treatise deals with many issues, especially the human-dog relationship, the characteristics dogs have, why people should be compassionate towards dogs, and the problems of having a negative attitude towards dogs. In this article, I give a brief biography of Mustaqīmzāde, summarize the changing attitude of Ottomans towards dogs, discuss the content of Mustaqīmzāde’s treatise, and finally translate it into English and present an edition of the text.

EKSPLORASI DESAIN TAMAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN BIOFILIK BERBASIS ETIKA LINGKUNGAN DI BSD

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Kezia Kartika Sari ◽  
Priscilla Epifania Ariaji
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Faunal Element ◽  
Five Freedoms ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Animal Interaction

Ethical Biophilic Park in BSD, Tangerang Is a connected open green spaces between a green park and a deer park., which one has existing faunal element specifically deer. Located at Jakarta’s suburban area, BSD Biophilical Park is one of many parks that foster a herd of deer. Both sites were found not maximized in their function, the existing deer foster has not considered fulfilling five freedoms of animal welfare, which must looked at into more in the future. Conceiving the needs of the human-animal interaction, biophilic and rewilding design methods are expected to be sufficient for the welfare of both parties. The park allocates a variety of artificial natural elements, closeness to faunal elements, as well as space experiences in enclosed spaces. Observing on how the park treat the herd, and how it affects the human activity, creates an output of a green park, that is still connected with the deer park, and also ones which has a full-length trail to see the herd without direct interaction such as petting and. In addition to the design, it involuntarily comply environmental ethics that favor  the following welfare of the animal itself. Keywords: Biophilical Park; Deer Fostering; Environmental Ethics; Opened Green Public; Space Rewilding Abstrak Taman Biofilik Berbasis Etika Lingkungan di BSD merupakan perpaduan dua ruang terbuka hijau yang salah satunya memiliki unsur fauna berupa rusa. Terletak di daerah sub urban Jakarta, Taman Biofilik BSD merupakan satu-satunya taman yang merawat rusa. Kedua tapak ditemukan belum maksimal dalam fungsinya, pemeliharaan rusa juga dianggap belum memenuhi lima unsur kesejahteraan hewan, yang kedepannya harus lebih diperhatikan. Memahami kebutuhan adanya hubungan dan interaksi antara manusia dan hewan, metode desain biofilik dan untuk diliarkan diharapkan dapat mencukupi kesejahteraan bagi kedua pihak. Taman mengalokasikan berbagai unsur alam buatan, kedekatan dengan unsur fauna, serta pengalaman ruang yang bersifat lebih terbuka atau tidak sepenuhnya terbangun dinding empat sisi. Mengamati perlakuan taman eksisting pada hewan, dan pengaruh aktivitas manusia didalamnya, menghasilkan taman manusia yang tetap terintegrasi dengan taman rusa, yang didalamnya terdapat jalur untuk melihat-lihat rusa tanpa secara langsung memegang atau memberi makan rusa. Terapan desain secara tidak langsung menghasilkan interaksi yang mematuhi etika lingkungan yang kerap mempengaruhi kesejahteraan hewan itu sendiri.

scholarly journals Dolphin Welfare Assessment under Professional Care: ‘Willingness to Participate’, an Indicator Significantly Associated with Six Potential ‘Alerting Factors’

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-60
Author(s):  
Fabienne Delfour ◽  
Tania Monreal-Pawlowsky ◽  
Ruta Vaicekauskaite ◽  
Cristina Pilenga ◽  
Daniel Garcia-Parraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Welfare Assessment ◽  
Fast Approach ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Professional Care ◽  
High Level

In dolphinaria, dolphins and their trainers build relationships and bonds due to the nature, closeness and repeatability of their interactions, hence training sessions are deemed appropriate to evaluate dolphin welfare. Qualitative Behavioural Assessments (QBAs) have been used to study human–animal relationships and are included in several animal welfare assessments. We introduce here the first QBA aiming to analyse dolphin–trainer interactions during training sessions in terms of dolphin welfare. Our results show that “Willingness to Participate” (WtP) was significantly associated to six other parameters: high-speed approach, high level of excitement, high number of positive responses to trainers’ signals, rare refusal to perform certain behaviours, rare spontaneous departure behaviours and fast approach once the trainer entered into the pool. Therefore, we suggest using WtP and those “alerting factors” when assessing dolphin–trainer interactions under professional care. The evaluation should also consider the time of day, the dolphin’s age, trainer experience level, the nature of the training sessions and to a lesser extent the sex of the dolphins, as contributing and modulating factors. The factor eye contact has been used in various HARs studies and has been proven to be a valid indicator in welfare research works, hence potentially deserving further research. These results demonstrate the pertinence and feasibility of this approach, the ease of use of this methodology by professionals in zoo/aquarium settings and the appropriateness of the obtained results within the holistic frame of animal welfare.

scholarly journals Animal welfare in the U.S. slaughter industry—a focus on fed cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily N Edwards-Callaway ◽  
Michelle S Calvo-Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Weather Extremes ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Animal Interaction ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Animal welfare within the U.S. slaughter industry continues to prevail as one of the top priorities for livestock producers, businesses, and consumers alike. There are federal regulations that enforce the humane transport, handling, and slaughter of cattle. The journey that cattle must make to the slaughter facility is comprised of many environmental and human factors that can positively or negatively affect animal welfare. Cattle may be exposed to multiple stressors, such as noise, unfamiliar animals and humans, temperature extremes, temporary food/water deprivation, variable transport distances and experiences, and new pen conditions. The animal caretakers involved in these processes attempt to minimize stress and discomfort for the animals, but research is needed to focus on the gaps in knowledge and to support the implementation of strategies known to enhance the human–animal interactions that occur from farm to slaughter. This literature review will provide a summary of fed cattle welfare topics, research, and industry tools that span across the beef animal’s journey from the farm/feedlot through the slaughter process. In addition, areas that have had little research focus are identified to highlight the need for future work and development of industry tools. Some of these topics include examining trailer design, the use of trailer slats during weather extremes, the welfare aspects of cattle destined for salvage slaughter, multiple preslaughter factors and interactions, abnormal mobility and nonambulatory cattle, lairage environmental conditions, new stunning methods, and the impact of a well-trained, motivated, and stable workforce on cattle and people welfare. The authors conducted a survey at the 2019 North American Meat Institute Animal Care and Handling Conference, which comprised of stakeholders within the meat packing industry, packing plant employees, and food company employees, educators, and auditors. The survey responses identified training/education and communication as areas of need in animal welfare, whereas the majority of survey responses focused on the aspects of the human–animal interaction as the top challenges for the industry. By continuously identifying, measuring, monitoring, and managing animal welfare challenges within the beef cattle slaughter industry, prioritization and execution of programs and training that improve the welfare of cattle can be achieved as animals move through this final stage of the meat production system.

scholarly journals BEM-ESTAR ANIMAL: CONCEITO E QUESTÕES RELACIONADAS – REVISÃO

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. BROOM ◽  
C.F.M. MOLENTO
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Pain Anxiety ◽  
New Science ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Human Animal Interaction ◽  
Animal Interaction ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Stress And Health

Bem-estar é um termo de uso corrente em várias situações e seu significado geralmente não é preciso. Entretanto, definição objetiva de bem-estar faz-se necessária para a utilização científica e profissional do conceito. Bem-estar deve ser definido de forma que permita pronta relação com outros conceitos, tais como: necessidades, liberdades, felicidade, adaptação, controle, capacidade de previsão, sentimentos, sofrimento, dor, ansiedade, medo, tédio, estresse e saúde. Objetiva-se na revisão apresentar uma definição de bem-estar animal atendendo os critérios mencionados, associada a uma explicação sobre a avaliação do bem-estar animal. Espera-se oferecer ao leitor uma base para o entendimento desta nova ciência, indispensável aos profissionais cujo trabalho gira em torno da interação entre seres humanos e animais. Animal welfare: concept and related issues – Review Abstract Welfare is a word widely used by public in many situations and its meaning is often not precise. However, an objective definition is needed if the concept is to be used scientifically and professionally. Moreover, welfare has to be defined in such a way that it can be readily related to other concepts such as: needs, freedoms, happiness, coping, control, predictability, feelings, suffering, pain, anxiety, fear, boredom, stress and health. This review presents a definition of animal welfare which satisfies these criteria, as well as explaining how to assess welfare. Its main objective is to offer the reader a basis for an understanding of this new science, which is essential to those whose work centres on the human-animal interaction.

scholarly journals Experience and Expectations of Ovarian Cancer Patients in Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Holliday ◽  
Maria Morte ◽  
Josephine M. Byrne ◽  
Anne T. Holliday
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Free Survival

Some of the most significant advances in ovarian cancer treatment have been those that result in improvements in progression-free survival (PFS); however there is little research to understand the value that patients place on accessing therapies that result in PFS as a clinical outcome related to survivorship. This study therefore aimed to understand the experience and expectations of women with ovarian cancer in Australia in relation to quality of life (QoL) and treatment options. An online survey collected demographic information and 13 investigator-derived structured interview questions were developed to understand the experience of women with ovarian cancer, their understanding of terminology associated with their condition, and expectations of future treatment. This study demonstrated that ovarian cancer patients equate PFS with being in remission and that patients expect QoL during that time to be good to excellent. Women in this study described excellent QoL as feeling positive and happy and not worrying about cancer, feeling fit and healthy without side effects, and being able to live life as they did before their diagnosis, including the absence of fear of progression or recurrence. It is therefore suggested that there is a positive relationship between PFS and QoL. While it is difficult to quantify QoL and further research is needed, the results of this study suggest that the minimum time that women with ovarian cancer expect in relation to treatments that result in PFS is approximately six months. In the absence of this information, decision-makers are left to make assumptions about the value women place on access to therapeutics that increase PFS, which for this type of cancer is an important aspect of survivorship.

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