scholarly journals The Reduction of Methane Production in the In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation of Different Substrates is Linked with the Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia Garcia ◽  
Darío Colombatto ◽  
M. Alejandra Brunetti ◽  
M. José Martínez ◽  
M. Valeria Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Oxygenated Compounds ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Different Characteristics

There is interest in identifying natural products capable of manipulating rumen microbial activity to develop new feed additives for ruminant nutrition as a strategy to reduce methane. Two trials were performed using the in vitro gas production technique to evaluate the interaction of substrate (n = 5) and additive (n = 6, increasing doses: 0, 0.3, 3, 30, and 300 µL/L of essential oils—EO—of Lippia turbinata or Tagetes minuta, and monensin at 1.87 mg/L). The two EO utilized were selected because they differ markedly in their chemical composition, especially in the proportion of oxygenated compounds. For both EO, the interaction between the substrate and additive was significant for all variables; however, the interaction behaved differently for the two EO. Within each substrate, the response was dose-dependent, without effects at a low level of EO and a negative outcome at the highest dose. The intermediate dose (30 µL/L) inhibited methane with a slight reduction on substrate digestibility, with L. turbinata being more effective than T. minuta. It is concluded that the effectiveness of the EO to reduce methane production depends on interactions between the substrate that is fermented and the additive dose that generates different characteristics within the incubation medium (e.g., pH); and thus, the chemical nature of the compounds of the EO modulates the magnitude of this response.

scholarly journals Silage of Intercropping Corn, Palisade Grass, and Pigeon Pea Increases Protein Content and Reduces In Vitro Methane Production

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1784
Author(s):  
Beatriz Ligoski ◽  
Lucas Ferreira Gonçalves ◽  
Flavio Lopes Claudio ◽  
Estenio Moreira Alves ◽  
Ana Maria Krüger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

Legume–grass intercropping systems are a sustainable option to improve nutritional quality of animal feed and decrease livestock greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, the present study evaluated yield, chemical composition and in vitro gas production of silages produced with intercropped palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha.(A.Rich.) R.D.Webster), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan cv. Super N) and corn (Zea mays. L.). Forage was harvested and placed inside micro-silos, which were opened after 100 days and samples were collected for chemical composition and in vitro gas production analyses. Intercropped silage had higher crude protein, acid detergent fiber, and lignin content than corn silage. Moreover, intercropped silage decreased total gas and methane production. Therefore, intercropped silage showed potential to increase conserved feed nutritional quality and reduce methane emissions in livestock production systems.

scholarly journals 44 Effect of Quebracho (Schinopsis balansae) extract inclusion in a high roughage diet upon in vitro gas production

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 53-54
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Dias Batista ◽  
Madeline E Rivera ◽  
Aaron B Norris ◽  
Jordan Adams ◽  
Roberta Cracco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Random Coefficients ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Schinopsis Balansae

Abstract The utilization of natural plant secondary compounds as feed additives in animal nutrition has been extensively studied because of their ability to modify digestive and metabolic functions. Condensed tannin (CT) supplementation can potentially alter ruminal fermentation, and mitigate methane (CH4) emissions. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of quebracho CT extract (QT; Schinopsis balansae) within a roughage-based diet on overall fermentability and CH4 production utilizing the in vitro gas production technique (IVGP). Twenty rumen cannulated steers (227 ± 19 kg) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (n=4): QT at 0, 1, 2, and 3% of DM (QT0, QT1, QT2, and QT3). A roughage-based diet containing 88% bermudagrass hay and 12% concentrate was fed daily at 2.1% of shrunk body weight. The animals were adapted to the basal diet for 24-d then introduced to predetermined treatments for 35d. Rumen inoculum was collected weekly from each steer to perform the incubations. Two hundred milligrams of air-dried base diet were incubated for 48-h with a composite rumen inoculum for each treatment over 5 wk. Kinetic analysis of cumulative 48h gas production was performed using Gasfit. Measurements of CH4 were performed via gas chromatography and digested residue was determined post-incubation. Data were analyzed using a random coefficients model. Total gas production was higher for QT0 compared to QT1 and QT3 (P = 0.001), but not different from QT2 (P = 0.554). The fractional rate of gas production was higher for QT2 compared to QT0 (P = 0.011). First and second pool gas production decreased linearly as QT inclusion increased (P = 0.042 and 0.010, respectively). There was no dietary effect in ivNDFD (P = 0.567). However, there was a linear tendency to decrease CH4 production with the addition of QT (P=0.071) likely due to changes in the microbial population.

The prediction of in vivo methane production and animal performance from the in vitro gas production technique

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 157-157
Author(s):  
A. Bortolozzo ◽  
D. K. Lovett ◽  
S. Lovell ◽  
L. Stack ◽  
F. P. O’Mara
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Ad Libitum

The in vivo determination of methane (CH4) production requires specialist equipment which is costly to maintain. Whilst the in vitro gas production technique has been demonstrated to show potential to rank diets for their methanongenic potential at maintenance planes of nutrition (Moss and Givens, 1997) no study has investigated this relationship when feedstuffs are fed ad libitum. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of the technique to predict in vivo CH4 production and animal performance from six diets differing in their chemical composition.

scholarly journals The effect of a candidate feed additive derived from the essential oils of Pinus merkusii (jungh. & de vriese) and Melaleuca leucadendra (l.) on the kinetics of gas production and methane emitted during in-vitro ruminal fermentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
Asih Kurniawati ◽  
Muhlisin Muhsin Al Anas
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
Kinetics Of

The study was designed to determine the effect of a candidate natural feed additive on the kinetics of gas production as a representation of feed degradability and methane produced during rumen fermentation. Three blends of essential oil (BEO) as candidates for feed additives were formulated using pine and eucalyptus essential oils in the following ratios: 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75 for BEO1, BEO2, and BEO3, respectively. Every BEO was added to the batch fermentation system at dosages of 0, 100, and 200 l/l in the medium. Furthermore, an in vitro gas production technique was used to simulate rumen feed fermentation. According to the gas production kinetics, all BEO additives did not affect the total potential gas produced, as well as the potential gas produced from the soluble and insoluble substrate. The rates of gas production were similar among treatments. Furthermore, the addition of BEO did not affect the total volume of gas produced during fermentation. Meanwhile, BEO1 at 200 l/l dose and BEO 3 at 100 l/l dose significantly reduced methane production (P0.05). In conclusion, the BEO1 and BEO 3 at dosages of 200 and 100 l/l, respectively, had the potential as a feed additive to reduce methane production without a negative effect on nutrient digestibility.

Effect of rhubarb (Rheum spp.) root on in vitro and in vivo ruminal methane production and a bacterial community analysis based on 16S rRNA sequence

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoung Hoon Kim ◽  
Selvaraj Arokiyaraj ◽  
Jinwook Lee ◽  
Young Kyoon Oh ◽  
Ho Young Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
16S Rna

The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-methanogenic effect of rhubarb (Rheum spp.) on in vitro, in vivo, and bacterial community composition using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology sequencing. Rhubarb root powder was tested at different concentrations (0, 0.33, 0.67, and 1.33 g/L) in vitro, and all incubations were carried out in triplicate two runs on separate days. Concentrations of 0.67 and 1.33 g/L rhubarb significantly (P < 0.05) reduced methane production and the acetate : propionate ratio compared with those of the Control, without adverse effects on total volatile fatty acids and total gas production. In the second in vivo trial, four Hanwoo (Korean native) steers (live bodyweight, 556 ± 46 kg) with a ruminal cannula were housed individually in metabolic stalls and fed a basal diet twice daily in equal amounts at 0900 hours and 2100 hours. The before rhubarb treatment (before treatment) duration was 24 days for all steers; 14 days were used for diet adaptation and 10 days were used for gas samples collected 1, 2, and 3 h after the morning feeding on Days 3, 5, 7, and 9. We used three syringe needles passed through the ruminal cannula stopper at different time points as a simple and rapid method to sample rumen gas. Thereafter, three mesh bags containing 30 g of sliced rhubarb root each were placed at different depths in the rumen of each steer for 14 days (after treatment), and gas samples were collected on Days 4, 7, 10, 12, and 13. The results showed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in methane concentration from the rhubarb-treated steers and provide the evidence that this method would be useful for in vivo screening of anti-methanogenic feed additives or plant material. Furthermore, 16s RNA sequencing after treatment showed increases in the numbers of Prevotella, and Lactobacillus, but decreases in Methanobrevibacter. In conclusion, rhubarb had an anti-methanogenic effect in vitro and in vivo, and the increase in the number of Prevotella shifted ruminal fermentation towards propionate production.

Chemical composition, in vitro gas production, methane production and fatty acid profile of canola silage (Brassica napus) with four levels of molasses

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1579-1584
Author(s):  
Daniel Limón-Hernández ◽  
Adolfo Armando Rayas-Amor ◽  
Anastacio García-Martínez ◽  
Julieta Gertrudis Estrada-Flores ◽  
Mayra Núñez López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Four Levels

scholarly journals Formik Asitin İn Vitro Rumen Fermentasyonu ve Metan Üretimine Etkisi

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanber Kara ◽  
Eray Aktuğ ◽  
Alper Çağrı ◽  
Berrin Kocaoğlu Güçlü ◽  
Erol Baytok
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Acid Addition ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
High Doses

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of formic acid on the in vitro methane production and in vitro ruminal fermentation of alfalfa hay. Effect of 0.0 (control group: YF0), 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 ml/L (experimental groups: YF1, YF2, YF3, YF4, and YF5 respectively) formic acid (Amasil85-liquid) addition to rumen fluid on ruminal fermentation parameters of alfalfa hay were determined by using in vitro gas production techniques. Methane production of in vitro incubation increased (to about 20%) with addition of linearly increased formic acid. Linearly increased levels of formic acid addition to rumen fluid has significantly changed the production of in vitro total gas production, metabolic energy (ME) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) at linear, quadratic and cubic. The addition of 0.1 ml/L and 0.2 ml/L formic acid to rumen fluid significantly decreased in vitro total gas production, ME and OMD however addition of 0.3 ml/L and 0.4 ml/L formic acid was not changed in vitro gas production, ME and OMD levels and 0.5 ml/L formic acid was significantly increased all these parameters. Ruminal pH was not changed by addition of formic acid. Formic acid is a safe feed additive because of its properties antibacterial and flavorings and also is used as a fermentation promoter in silage. In this study it has been observed that all doses of formic acid increased in vitro enteric methane production and low doses decreased in vitro total gas production, ME and OMD and high doses have increased all these parameters. High doses have a positive effect on ME and OMD; however formic acid should be used at limited levels in diets due to the negative effect of increasing greenhouse gases. The effect of formic acid addition to the feed raw matter and rations of all livestock would be beneficial to investigate in terms of digestive system parameters and global warming, further in vitro and in vivo studies.

scholarly journals In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Production of PUFA-Containing Rations as Treated by Flavonoid and Essential Oil from Piper betle L.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayudika Aprilia Patindra Purba ◽  
Pramote Paengkoum ◽  
Chalermpon Yuangklang
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Ammonia Level ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Secondary Function

This study had the objective to evaluate the effect of Piper betle L. powder (PP) at 5 different doses in substrate incubated by sunflower oil as secondary function of PUFA using in vitro gas production technique. The treatments of this study were run as a 2X5 factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design using the PROC GLM procedure of SAS 9.4: (1) control (S1) without supplementation of PP; (2) 15 mg PP (S2); (3) 30 mg PP (S3); (4) 45 mg PP (S4); and (5) 60 mg PP (S5), while sunflower oil was supplemented in all treatments: low 15 mg/incubation and high 30 mg/incubation. A 500 mg of TMR (hay: concentrate, 50:50) was assigned to basal substrate. The PP containing 1.84 mg/g DM quercetin and 1.00 mg/g DM eugenol altered rumen fermentation without change pH (p &lt; 0.001) and methane production was lesser (p &lt; 0.001) about -30% and -25% for DM and OM measurement, respectively. Gas kinetic, degradability, and ammonia level was significantly affected by supplementing PP (p &lt; 0.01). Overall, this study suggested quercetin and eugenol deriving from PP acted three major accelerations: assembled carbon dioxide, behaved antimicrobial role and performed the balance water molecules in the rumen kinetic. This study suggests that PP promotes changing in vitro rumen fermentation and diminishing methane production within recommended doses, 0.1-15 mg/incubation in DM.

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