scholarly journals Honey Bee Pollen in Meagre (Argyrosomus regius) Juvenile Diets: Effects on Growth, Diet Digestibility, Intestinal Traits, and Biochemical Markers Related to Health and Stress

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Panettieri ◽  
Stavros Chatzifotis ◽  
Concetta Maria Messina ◽  
Ike Olivotto ◽  
Simona Manuguerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Tnf Α

This research aimed to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of honey bee pollen (HBP) in meagre (Argyrosoumus regius) juveniles’ diets on growth performance, diet digestibility, intestinal morphology, and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, stress-related molecular markers and biochemical blood profile of fish were evaluated, together with mineral trace and toxic element concentration in pollen and diets. Specimens of meagre (360) of 3.34 ± 0.14 g initial body weight, were randomly allocated to twelve 500 L circular tanks (30 fish per tank). Four diets were formulated: a control diet and three experimental diets with 1%, 2.5%, and 4% of HBP inclusion. All the growth parameters and crude protein and ether extract digestibility coefficients were negatively linearly affected by increased HBP inclusion (p < 0.0001). Histology of medium intestine showed slight signs of alterations in group HPB1 and HPB2.5 compared to control. Fish from HBP4 group showed severe alterations at the intestinal mucosa level. Immunohistochemical detection of TNF-α in the medium intestine showed the presence of TNF-α+ cells in the lamina propria, which resulted in accordance with the increased level of the TNF-α protein detected by immunoblotting in the liver. This stress situation was confirmed by the increased hepatic level of HSP70 (p < 0.05) in fish fed the HBP4 diet and by the linear decrease of total serum protein levels in HBP-containing diets (p < 0.0001). These negative effects can be related to the ultrastructure of the bee pollen grain walls, which make the bioactive substances unavailable and can irritate the intestine of a carnivorous fish such as meagre.

scholarly journals The Physical Activity-Dependent Hematological and Biochemical Changes in School Horses in Comparison to Blood Profiles in Endurance and Race Horses

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1128
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Maśko ◽  
Małgorzata Domino ◽  
Tomasz Jasiński ◽  
Olga Witkowska-Piłaszewicz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Activity Dependent ◽  
Race Horses ◽  
Blood Profiles

Blood testing is one of the most important ways to improve performance, facilitate recovery and monitor the training of endurance and race horses. However, little is known about the physical activity-dependent changes of blood parameters in horses used for pleasure and in riding schools. This study aimed to perform routine blood tests for training monitoring of sport horses in three different horse types of use. Then the values of blood indicators were compared between school, endurance and race horses to find similarities in the physical activity-dependent profile. The study was carried out on 15 endurance, 15 race and 15 school healthy horses who underwent the typical effort for their disciplines. The hemogram parameters, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood lactate (LAC), and total serum protein (TSP) concentrations were measured using the same protocol and equipment. Measurements of main hematological and biochemical physical activity-dependent parameters were conducted before, immediately after and 30 min after training. In school horses, the physical activity-dependent increase of WBC (40.9%) and CPK (76.4%) was similar to endurance horses, whereas an increase of RBC (19.1%), HGB (18.6%) and HCT (19.4%) were more similar to race horses. The moderate effort-dependent increase of LAC concentration (2775%) was lower than in race horses (7526%) and higher than in endurance horses (390%). Limiting the training or work monitoring assessment of school horses to only the endurance or racing blood profile may result in the omission of significant changes in hematological and biochemical parameters.

scholarly journals Growth and intestinal morphology of juvenile pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg 1887) fed dietary prebiotics (mannanoligosaccharides - MOS)

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 1517-1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICARDO Y. SADO ◽  
ÁLVARO J.A. BICUDO ◽  
JOSÉ E.P. CYRINO
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Aquaculture Production

Intensification of aquaculture production systems exposes fish to numerous stressors, which may negatively affect their growth and limit profitability of aquaculture systems. This study determined effects of increasing levels of dietary mannanoligosaccharides on growth and intestine morphology of pacu. Fish (44.04 g) were randomly distributed into 32 tanks (500 L; 10 fishes per tank) and fed during 63 days with a commercial diet supplemented with 0.0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0% dietary mannanoligosaccharides. Growth parameters did not differ (P>0.05) between fish fed control diet and mannanoligosaccharide supplemented diets. Intestinal villi perimeter was performed in fish fed control diet, 0.4 and 1.5% dietary mannanoligosaccharides and also showed no differences (P>0.05) between treatments. Dietary supplementation of mannanoligosaccharides unclear did not have effects on pacu. Studies on the characterization of intestinal microbiota together with experiment that reproduce commercial fish production systems rearing conditions are necessary to determine the effective use of this dietary supplement for the species.

scholarly journals 124 Impact of heat stress and antioxidant supplements in feed or drinking water on growth, intestinal morphology, and oxidative and immune status in growing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 71-71
Author(s):  
Ysenia Victoria Silva-Guillen ◽  
Gabriela E Martinez Padilla ◽  
Jeffrey Wiegert ◽  
Consuelo Arellano ◽  
R Dean Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Tocopherol Acetate ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of vitamin E (vitE) or polyphenols supplemented in feed or drinking water as a heat abatement strategy in growing pigs. Individually housed pigs (n = 128, 47.3 ± 5.0 kg BW) were assigned within weight blocks and sex to a 2x4 factorial arrangement consisting of 2 environments (thermo-neutral [21.2°C] or heat-stressed [30.9°C]) and 4 supplementation treatments (control diet [25 IU/kg dl-α-tocopherol acetate]; control+100 IU/L vitE [d-α-tocopherol] in water; control+200 IU/kg vitE [dl-α-tocopherol acetate] in feed; or control+400 mg/kg polyphenols in feed). Supplementation was started 7 d prior to temperature treatments applied for 28 d. Heat stress reduced (P ≤ 0.001) final BW, ADG, and ADFI (-7.4 kg, -26.7%, and -25.4%, respectively) and increased (P &lt; 0.001) respiration rate and rectal temperature, but no effects of supplementation were detected. Serum vitamin E concentration increased (P &lt; 0.001) with vitE supplementation (1.64, 3.59, 3.24, and 1.67 mg/kg for control, vitE in water, vitE in feed, and polyphenols, respectively) and was greater when supplemented in water vs. feed (P = 0.002), especially when measured on d 28 (chronic) vs. d 2 (acute) of heat stress. Liver vitamin E increased (P &lt; 0.001) with vitE supplementation, especially in water, but not polyphenols (3.9, 31.8, 18.0, 4.9 ppm for control, vitE in water, vitE in feed, and polyphenols, respectively). Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) was greater (P &lt; 0.05) for supplemented pigs compared to control, and heat stress reduced (P = 0.014) serum MDA on d 2, but not d 28. No differences were detected for intestinal morphology or MDA in mucosa of jejunum or ileum. Heat stress decreased (P &lt; 0.03) TNF-α in mucosa of ileum and jejunum, and supplementation reduced (P &lt; 0.05) TNF-α in mucosa of the ileum, but not jejunum. Heat stress markedly reduced performance of growing pigs, and supplementing antioxidants in feed or water was not effective in alleviating the impact of heat stress.

scholarly journals Utilization of processed kola nut husk meal in poultry production: Effects on the performance, carcass, biochemical indicators, and antioxidant enzymes of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olugbenga David Oloruntola
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Feed Conversion

Abstract This study looked at the effects of processed kola nut husks meal (PKHM) utilization as a feed ingredient on broiler chicken in a 42-day feeding trial. Kola nut pod husks were processed into a PKHM using ash treatment and rumen liquor fermentation. Three experimental diets were developed at both the starter and finisher phases, with PKHM included at 0, 4, and 8%, and dubbed diets 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In a fully randomised design, 240 Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly assigned to three treatments (10 birds per replicate). Except for the significantly improved (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio of broiler chickens fed diets 2 and 3 at the grower phase (22-42 days) and overall (0-42 days), the performance indices were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by PKHM dietary inclusion. Broiler chicken carcass characteristics and relative internal organ weights remained constant (P>0.05) through diets. The serum glutathione concentration in broiler chickens fed an 8 percent PKHM inclusive diet increased significantly (P<0.05) than those on the control diet and 4 percent PKHM inclusive diet. When broiler chickens fed an 8 percent PKHM inclusive diet were compared to those fed a control diet, the serum catalase concentration was significantly higher (P<0.05). The total serum protein, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transferase, and cholesterol levels remained constant (P>0.05) regardless of dietary treatment. Dietary PKHM inclusion of up to 8% enhanced improved feed efficiency and increased antioxidant enzyme concentration and did not affect the serum biochemical indices concentration.Statement of NoveltyKola nut husk is one of the agro-wastes that contributes to environmental deterioration due to its underutilization. The kola nut husk is underutilised in broiler production due to its chemical constitution, minimal nutritional value, and poor digestion. In this research, kola nut husk meal was ash treated and rumen liquor fermented before being integrated at varying levels in the experimental diets and the performance characteristics, antioxidant status, serum protein, enzymes and biochemical were evaluated. The findings of this study could aid in the development of an agro-waste-based, low-cost functional feed for broiler chicks that incorporates the underutilised kola nut husk and other abundant agrowastes as macro-ingredients.

scholarly journals The winged bean (Psophocarpus palustris Desv.) in the treatment of kwashiorkor

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Černý ◽  
Hutton A. Addy
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Winged Bean ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Experimental Diet

1. A feeding trial with children suffering from kwashiorkor was conducted in which the winged bean (Psophocarpus palustris Desv.) was used as the major source of protein in the diet.2. Seventy-two children who had been admitted to hospital with moderate or severe kwashiorkor were included in the study. The experimental diet, prepared from a mixture of two parts of the winged beans and three parts of maize flour, enriched with a small amount of skim milk, was given to twelve children with moderate and twenty-four children with severe kwashiorkor. Equal numbers of children with similar clinical, somatometric and biochemical measurements received a control diet in which most of the protein was provided by skim milk. Both groups of children had a supplementary meal of ‘poto-poto’of negligible protein content, which supplied an extra 100–120 kJ per kg per d. The diets were introduced after the children had overcome the most acute phase of the illness during which a routine diet based on skim milk and calcium caseinate had been given. Both diets supplied 4 g protein and 435 kJ per kg body-weight and were given to the children, on the average, for 30 d.3. The experimental diet was well accepted and tolerated, and all children made good clinical progress. The rates of gain in weight were slightly less in the experimental groups than in the children who received the control diet. Although the differences were not statistically significant, they were more marked in children whose weights were between 61 and 75% of standard (classified as second degree kwashiorkor). With both diets, mean daily weight gains were significantly higher in children with severe kwashiorkor than in those with moderate kwashiorkor.4. The increase in total serum protein and the decrease in the amino acid ratio determined 2 weeks after admission were more marked in children given the control diet. At the end of the experimental period, however, the differences between the groups in these two measurements, as well as in values for haemoglobin concentration, protein fractions and the hydroxyproline index were no longer significant.5. The high nutritive value and the pleasant, sweet taste, even in the raw state, are the main advantages of the winged bean. These should outweigh the disadvantage that its skin is tough and more difficult to remove than that of the soya bean.

scholarly journals FEEDING VALUE OF CASHEWNUT TESTA FOR BROILER CHICKENS

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
A. O. Fanimo ◽  
A. J. Adebayo ◽  
O. O. Oduguwa ◽  
W. O. Biobaku
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Carcass Parameters

This study was conducted to investigate the response of broiler chickens to diets containing cashewnut testa (CNT). Two hundred and four (204) day-old unsexed Arboracre broiler chicks were randomly allotted to four dietary treatment consisting of three replicates of seventeen chicks each. The treatments consists of a control and three other diets with CNT included at 5, 10, and 15% as a substitute for wheat offal in the control diet. Cashewnut testa had 1.5, 20.0, 54.0, 17.0, 2.0, and 94.5% crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), nitrogen free extract (NFE), ether extract (EE), ash and dry matter (DM), respectively. Weight gain was highest (P < 0.05) in birds fed 5% CNT diet (35.24g) while the lowest and feed: gain ratio values. The CP retention and digestible EE, CF, NFE, ash, DM and total digestible nutrient were not significantly (P <0.05) affected by CNT in the diets. The serum metabolites were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by the levels of CNT in the diets. Total serum protein increased (P < 0.05) with increasing level of CNT in the diets. Among the carcass parameters measured, breast, neck and back weight were highest (P < 0.05) for 5%CNT diet while abdominal fat, small intestine and large intestine weight increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of CNT in the diets. No significant effect (P > 0.05) in juiciness, flavor intensity, tenderness and off flavor was recorded among the meat samples from the broiler fed the diets. Meat lipid and ash increased (P < 0.05) in the CNT diets. Cost of feed per kg decreased while cost of feed per kg live weight gain increased (P < 0.05) with increasing level of CNT in the diets. It was concluded that 5% CNT could replace wheat offal in broiler diets.

PARALLEL STUDIES OF COMPLEMENT AND COAGULATION IV. EFFECT OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE

1951 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Christine E. Rice ◽  
Paul Boulanger ◽  
P. J. G. Plummer
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Fatty Degeneration ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Coagulation Time ◽  
Complement Activity

To determine whether liver injury would result in a parallel decline in the complement titer and coagulative properties of the blood, groups of guinea pigs were given series of injections of the liver poison, carbon tetrachloride. Marked fatty degeneration of the liver, a decline in total serum protein and albumin, a decrease in complement activity, and a prolongation of coagulation time was observed in the treated animals. A general relationship was noted between the albumin-globulin ratio and the complement titer of the serum and between the complement titer and the coagulation time of the plasma.

scholarly journals Levels of Selected Persistent Organic Pollutants (PCB, PBDE) and Pesticides in Honey Bee Pollen Sampled in Poland

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e0167487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Łukasz Roszko ◽  
Marta Kamińska ◽  
Krystyna Szymczyk ◽  
Renata Jędrzejczak
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Bee Pollen

Muscle Weight Relationship to Serum Proteins, Hemocytes, and Hepatopancreas in the Lobster, Homarus americanus

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2339-2354 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Stewart ◽  
John W. Cornick ◽  
Diane M. Foley ◽  
M. F. Li ◽  
C. M. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Beef Liver ◽  
The Relationship

Total serum protein values, hemocyte numbers, and muscle weights were determined for 216 intermolt lobsters immediately after their capture, and for 230 others held captive under a variety of dietary and environmental conditions. Average muscle values ranged from approximately 13% to the more normal 20–25% of the live animals' weight, depending upon experimental conditions. The total serum protein up to a level of 55 mg/ml was shown to be a reliable indicator of muscle weights, although the relationship was not identical for all lobster groups. It appeared to be modified chiefly by the areas from which the different groups were taken. Diet was more important than the temperatures (5 to 14 C) in affecting changes in muscle and serum protein values. Starvation caused a greater reduction (50 to 70%) in the size of the hepatopancreas than in the muscle. Histological examination of the hepatopancreatic tissue showed that the lipid content was markedly reduced upon starvation and that a degeneration of this organ was apparent for lobsters fed a beef liver and herring diet. Measurement of serum proteins would appear to be a useful technique in experiments on lobster nutrition and have value, within specified limits, for assessing the physiological condition of wild lobsters.

Blood Profile and Selected Organ Histopathology of Balami Sheep Fed Shea Cake (Vitellaria paradoxa) Meal

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
D. O. Okunlola ◽  
M. D. Shittu ◽  
O. O. Olatunji ◽  
A. J. Amuda ◽  
B. O. Olateju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Representative Samples

The blood profile and histology of selected tissues (kidney, lungs, intestine, and epididymis) of Balami Sheep fed Shea Cake meal supplement was investigated. A total of thirty-two (32) sheep of the average weight range of 11.75-14.75kg comprising an equal number (16) of males and females were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized experimental design with eight sheep per treatment for twelve weeks duration. Treatment 1 (T1) was a control diet and had zero inclusion level of Shea cake meal (SCM), while treatments 2,3, and 4 had 10%,15%, and 20%  inclusion of SCM, respectively. At the twelfth week of the experiment, two blood samples of 5ml each were taken from each animal from the jugular vein. The first set was preserved in Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA) bottle for haematological parameters, while the second samples were preserved without EDTA for serum examination. Representative samples of tissues were randomly selected and slaughtered for gross microscopic examination. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) at various levels of inclusion for parameters investigated. The white blood cell (WBC), Red blood cell (RBC), and Packed cell volume (PCV) recorded the highest values at T3 (15% inclusion level) (13.42 x109/L), 2.92x1012/L, 3.75%, respectively). The serum parameters were significantly(p <0.05)different among the treatments. Total protein ranges from 54.78(mg/dl) (T1) - 60.51(mg/dl) (T2), Cholesterol70.15(mg/dl) (T1) - 78.00(mg/dl) (T4). Iron ranges from 58.15(ug/dl) (T1) - 62.88(ug/dl) (T3).The histopathology of tissues (kidney, lungs, intestine, and epididymis) showed no alteration across the treatments (P= .05) in the gross microscopic examinations. No lesion was observed in the lungs, kidney, epididymis, and intestine. The results showed that shea cake meal posed no health risk to Balami sheep and as such recommended as a good supplement in the diets of the sheep.

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