scholarly journals Biologic Treatments for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder

Allergies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-107
Author(s):  
Misa Kusumoto ◽  
Bryan J. Mathis
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Airway Remodeling ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Airway Control ◽  
Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
New Generation

The global COVID-19 pandemic has brought respiratory disease to the forefront of public health, but asthma prevalence has been rising globally for decades. Asthma is mediated by errant immune activation and airway remodeling, but the influences of environment, nutrition, and comorbidities (e.g., asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder-overlap [ACO]) are still poorly understood. Even as a new generation of biologic-based treatments offer better airway control and reductions in mortality, a lack of prophylactic treatments and mechanistic understanding complicates efforts to prevent pathogenesis. This review will explicate and synthesize current knowledge on the effect of ACO and biologics (omalizumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab, and dupilumab) on pathogenesis, treatment, and prognosis.

Casing Design for an Oxygen Concentrator

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie H. Swindle ◽  
Beth A. Todd ◽  
James F. Cuttino
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Oxygen Concentrator

Abstract Human bodies depend on a steady flow of oxygen for the heart and lungs. When a person has Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD), a device called an oxygen concentrator can be used to improve quality of life. An oxygen concentrator is an electrically powered device that takes in room air and converts it to an oxygen rich gas mixture suitable for breathing. Although a few models are battery powered, oxygen concentrators are not easily portable because they are bulky and weigh between 25–50 lbs. In this study, components were identified for re design to reduce the overall weight of the device. For instance, the concentrator casing was identified as its heaviest component. Using finite element analysis, changes in wall thickness and dimensions can be investigated to reduce weight while maintaining structural integrity. By reducing the weight of the casing, the oxygen concentrator will be easier to transport.

DIETARY ASSESSMENT OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE PATIENTS VISITING TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF LAHORE

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
OJS Admin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disorder

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) is an aggravating and major health concern throughout the world. It is estimated that in upcoming years chronic obstructive pulmonary disease will be rankedas third common reason of mortality and fifth common cause of disablement worldwide.

scholarly journals The impact of functional food on the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-232
Author(s):  
Gabriela Widelska ◽  
Kamila Kasprzak-Drozd ◽  
Karolina Wojtunik-Kulesza ◽  
Anna Krajewska ◽  
Anna Oniszczuk
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Respiratory Tract Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Globally, diseases of the lung are one of the main causes of death, and conventional therapies are often ineffective in dealing with this serious medical and sociological problem. Since ancient times, medicinal plants have been used in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases. Such plants show antitussive, muscle relaxing, bronchi dilation or cillary movement effects. Their usefulness has been confirmed by modern and current research. A medicinal plant that is also a functional food can open new areas in the prevention and treatment of respiratory tract diseases. In this review, information about the influence of functional food on preventing and treating asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) and high-altitude sickness are presented.

scholarly journals Comprehensive care programmes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and real-world studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Yoo ◽  
Mengqi Gong ◽  
Lei Meng ◽  
Cheuk Wai Wong ◽  
Guangping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Care ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Structured Care ◽  
Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Medication Reviews

Background: Different comprehensive care programmes (CCPs) have been developed for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), but data regarding their effectiveness have been controversial. PubMed and Embase were searched to 1st June 2017 for articles that investigated the effects of the different types of CCPs on hospitalization or mortality rates in COPD. Results: A total of 67 studies including 3472633 patients (mean age: 76.1+/-12.7 years old; 41% male) were analyzed. CCPs reduced all-cause hospitalizations (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63-0.79; P<0.001; I2:96%) and mortality (HR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.573-0.83; P<0.001; I2:75%). Subgroup analyses for different CCP types were performed. Hospitalizations were reduced by pharmacist-led medication reviews (HR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.37-0.78; P=0.001; I2:49%), structured care programmes (HR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.66-0.87; P<0.0001; I2:88%) and self-management programmes (HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64-0.99; P<0.05; I2:78%), but not continuity of care programmes (HR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.36-1.36; P=0.29; I2:100%), early support discharge or home care packages (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.91-1.04; P=0.37; I2:0%) or telemonitoring (HR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.32-1.18; P=0.14; I2:94%). Mortality was reduced by early support discharge or home care packages (HR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.30-0.80; P<0.01; I2:72%), structured care programmes (HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.53-0.90; P<0.01; I2:61%) and telemonitoring (HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.31-0.89; P<0.05; I2:0%), but not self-management programmes (HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64-0.99; P<0.05; I2:78%). Conclusions: Comprehensive care programmes reduce hospitalization and mortality in COPD patients.

scholarly journals Potential Clinical Implications of miR-1 and miR-21 in Heart Disease and Cardioprotection

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislav Kura ◽  
Barbora Kalocayova ◽  
Yvan Devaux ◽  
Monika Bartekova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
New Generation

The interest in non-coding RNAs, which started more than a decade ago, has still not weakened. A wealth of experimental and clinical studies has suggested the potential of non-coding RNAs, especially the short-sized microRNAs (miRs), to be used as the new generation of therapeutic targets and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, an ever-growing public health issue in the modern world. Among the hundreds of miRs characterized so far, microRNA-1 (miR-1) and microRNA-21 (miR-21) have received some attention and have been associated with cardiac injury and cardioprotection. In this review article, we summarize the current knowledge of the function of these two miRs in the heart, their association with cardiac injury, and their potential cardioprotective roles and biomarker value. While this field has already been extensively studied, much remains to be done before research findings can be translated into clinical application for patient’s benefit.

Patterns of comorbidity among older U.S. patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 304-304
Author(s):  
Laura Hester ◽  
Steven I. Park ◽  
Jennifer Leigh Lund
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models

304 Background: Evidence suggests that the number and type ofcomorbidities at cancer diagnosis influences cancer treatment and mortality, especially among older patients.We sought to describe comorbidity patterns and identify how patterns predict all-cause mortality among older non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients. Methods: Using the linked Surveillance, Epidemiologic, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare databases, we identified patients aged > 66 with a first diagnosis of stage I-IV NHL from 2007-2009. Codes for individual comorbidities in the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were identified in the 12 months before NHL diagnosis, during which patients were required to have continuous Medicare Parts A, B, and D enrollment and no managed care. The prevalence of single and concurrent comorbidities was calculated. Medicare enrollment files contained vital status. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for all-cause mortality in each comorbidity group versus no comorbidity controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, stage, tumor growth category, and other comorbidities. Results: Among 4901 older NHL patients, 52% had ≥ 1 comorbidity and 26% had a CCI > 2. The most prevalent comorbidities were diabetes (25%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) (16%), and congestive heart failure (CHF) (12%). All-cause mortality was greater among patients with CHF (aHR = 1.44; 95%CI = 1.26, 1.65), diabetes (aHR = 1.16; 95%CI = 1.03,1.29), or dementia (aHR = 1.20; 95%CI = 1.03, 1.41) compared to those without each comorbidity. More than half of diabetes patients, two-thirds of COPD patients, and three-quarters of CHF patients had > 1 additional non-cancer comorbidity. All-cause mortality was higher among NHL patients with CHF who had co-occurring COPD (aHR = 1.56; 95%CI = 1.19, 2.05), diabetes (aHR = 1.66; 95%CI = 1.29, 2.14), or both COPD and diabetes (aHR = 2.61; 95%CI = 1.97, 3.46). Conclusions: Comorbidity is common among older, newly-diagnosed NHL patients and should be carefully considered when making treatment decisions. Given the known cardiotoxicity of the main NHL chemoimmunotherapy, providers should discuss comorbidity management, particularly for CHF, before initiating therapy.

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