scholarly journals Development of Sakon Nakhon Rice Variety for Blast Resistance through Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawaporn Srichant ◽  
Sompong Chankaew ◽  
Tidarat Monkham ◽  
Petcharat Thammabenjapone ◽  
Jirawat Sanitchon
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Introgression Line ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Resistance Qtls

The Sakon Nakhon (SKN) rice cultivar is non-photosensitive, rich in aroma, and an excellent choice for cooking quality; which adapts well to both upland and lowland conditions. Furthermore, it has been adopted by Thailand’s sugarcane growers, as it has proved fit for an upland crop preceding the sugarcane cropping system. However, SKN is very susceptible to blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae. The purpose of this study was to breed SKN for blast resistance, using marker-assisted backcrossing, together with phenotypic selection. The breeding population was constructed by crossing the SKN (recurrent) with the RD6 introgression line (donor), which contained four blast resistant quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Franking microsatellite markers for blast resistance QTLs on chromosomes 1, 2, 11 and 12 were used for selection through BC2F2. Thirteen BC2F3 selected lines were evaluated under greenhouse conditions, and seven lines of BC2F4 were evaluated against blast, along with their agronomic traits, under field conditions (upland and lowland). SKN 39-10-19-29-12 and SKN 39-10-19-29-13 presented high resistance to leaf and neck blast; and were non-photosensitive, with the same agronomic traits as the SKN. This study successfully demonstrates the improvement of the recommended SKN variety blast resistance, while maintaining similar agronomic traits.

scholarly journals Improvement of a RD6 Rice Variety for Blast Resistance and Salt Tolerance through Marker-Assisted Backcrossing

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Korachan Thanasilungura ◽  
Sukanya Kranto ◽  
Tidarat Monkham ◽  
Sompong Chankaew ◽  
Jirawat Sanitchon
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Gene Pyramiding ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Resistance Qtls ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcrossing

RD6 is one of the most favorable glutinous rice varieties consumed throughout the north and northeast of Thailand because of its aroma and softness. However, blast disease and salt stress cause decreases in both yield quantity and quality during cultivation. Here, gene pyramiding via marker-assisted backcrossing (MAB) using combined blast resistance QTLs (qBl 1, 2, 11, and 12) and Saltol QTL was employed in solving the problem. To pursue our goal, the RD6 introgression line (RGD07005-12-165-1), containing four blast-resistant QTLs, were crossed with the Pokkali salt tolerant variety. Blast resistance evaluation was thoroughly carried out in the fields, from BC2F2:3 to BC4F4, using the upland short-row and natural field infection methods. Additionally, salt tolerance was validated in both greenhouse and field conditions. We found that the RD6 “BC4F4 132-12-61” resulting from our breeding programme successfully resisted blast disease and tolerated salt stress, while it maintained the desirable agronomic traits of the original RD6 variety. This finding may provide a new improved rice variety to overcome blast disease and salt stress in Northeast Thailand.

scholarly journals Field Evaluation of RD6 Introgression Lines for Yield Performance, Blast, Bacterial Blight Resistance, and Cooking and Eating Qualities

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myo San Aung Nan ◽  
Jirayoo Janto ◽  
Arthit Sribunrueang ◽  
Tidarat Monkham ◽  
Jirawat Sanitchon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Resistance Qtls ◽  
Leaf Blast ◽  
The North ◽  
Neck Blast

Glutinous rice cultivar “RD6” is well known for its fragrance and high cooking and eating qualities, and is the most popular glutinous cultivar in the north and northeastern regions of Thailand. However, it’s susceptible to blast and bacterial blight (BB) diseases. Previously, four blast resistance QTLs on chromosomes 1, 2, 11, and 12, and a single BB resistance gene xa5 pyramided to the background of the RD6 cultivar were tested for a broad spectrum of disease resistance under greenhouse conditions. In the present study, a field experiment was conducted during the rainy seasons of 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018, across three locations, for performance evaluations of promising lines in terms of disease reaction, agronomical characteristics, grain yield, and quality attributes. The results revealed that the ILs (BC2F5 2-7-5-36, BC2F5 2-7-5-43, BC2F5 2-8-2-25, and BC2F5 6-1/15-2-11) exhibited higher level resistance to leaf blast and neck blast disease. The BC2F5 2-8-2-52 showed resistance to both blast and BB diseases and, like all ILs, exhibited superior yield compared to the original RD6. Furthermore, the agronomic traits and grain qualities were similarly displaced, and were therefore recommended as near-isogenic lines to the RD6. This clearly demonstrated that farm phenotypic selection plays an important role in achieving not only NIL resistance to diseases, but also high yield potential, as well as representing an effective way in which to enhance BB, leaf blast, and neck blast resistance in rice planting in the north and northeastern regions of Thailand.

scholarly journals Pyramiding of four blast resistance QTLs into Thai rice cultivar RD6 through marker-assisted selection

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Suwannual ◽  
S. Chankaew ◽  
T. Monkham ◽  
W. Saksirirat ◽  
J. Sanitchon
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Introgression Lines ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Resistance Qtls ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Rice Disease ◽  
Blast Resistance Genes ◽  
Yield Penalty

Thai rice cultivar RD6 is well known for its cooking and eating qualities. However it is susceptible to blast disease, a major rice disease caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. This study focused on the pyramiding of four QTLs for blast resistance located on chromosomes 1, 2, 11 and 12, from two RD6 introgression lines. Marker-assisted selection was performed and facilitated the selection with 8 microsatellite flanking markers to enable the selection in BC<sub>2</sub>F<sub>2:3</sub> lines. All possible combinations of the four QTL alleles were assessed for blast resistance by artificial inoculation using 8 diverse isolates in a greenhouse and under field conditions using the upland short row method. The results showed that the RD6 introgression lines carrying a high number of QTLs for blast resitance achieved from pyramiding have high levels of blast resistance and broad spectrum of resistance to the blast pathogens prevalent in the region. Only one of the M. oryzae isolates, THL185, was virulent to all the breeding lines, suggesting that the identification of new blast resistance genes or QTLs and pyramiding them into RD6 for durable blast resistance and no yield penalty should be the focus of further research.

scholarly journals Level of Endogenous Jasmonate is Critical for Durable Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance Against Rice Blast in a Japonica Rice Variety, Ziyu44

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyu An ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Jinlu Li ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
Qianchun Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance

Abstract Background: The molecular mechanism of durable and broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast disease in japonica rice variety is still very little known. Ziyu44, a local japonica rice variety in Yunnan Province of China, has shown durable broad-spectrum blast resistance for more than 30 years, and provides an opportunity for us to explore the molecular basis of broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast in japonica rice variety.Methods and Results: We conducted a comparative study of mycelium growth, aposporium formation, the accumulation of salicylate(SA), jasmonate(JA) and H2O2, the expression of SA- and JA-associated genes between Ziyu44 and susceptible variety Jiangnanxiangnuo (JNXN) upon M. oryzae infection. We found that appressorium formation and invasive hyphae extention were greatly inhibited in Ziyu 44 leaves compared with that in JNXN leaves. Both Ziyu 44 and JNXN plants maintained high levels of baseline SA and did not show increased accumulation of SA after inoculation with M. oryzae, while the levels of baseline JA in Ziyu 44 and JNXN plants were relatively low, and the accumulation of JA exhibited markedly increased in Ziyu 44 plants upon M. oryzae infection. The expression levels of key genes involving JA and SA signaling pathway OsCOI1b, OsNPR1, OsMPK6 as well as pathogenesis-related (PR) genes OsPR1a, OsPR1b and OsPBZ1, were markedly up-regulated in Ziyu44. Conclusions: The level of endogenous JA is critical for synchronous activation of SA and JA signaling pathway, up-regulating PR gene expression and enhancing disease resistance against rice blast in Ziyu44.

scholarly journals Marker-Assisted Introgression of Saltol QTL Enhances Seedling Stage Salt Tolerance in the Rice Variety “Pusa Basmati 1”

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar Singh ◽  
Brahma Deo Singh ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Sadhna Maurya ◽  
Subbaiyan Gopala Krishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Foreground Selection

Marker-assisted selection is an unequivocal translational research tool for crop improvement in the genomics era. Pusa Basmati 1 (PB1) is an elite Indian Basmati rice cultivar sensitive to salinity. Here, we report enhanced seedling stage salt tolerance in improved PB1 genotypes developed through marker-assisted transfer of a major QTL, Saltol. A highly salt tolerant line, FL478, was used as the Saltol donor. Parental polymorphism survey using 456 microsatellite (SSR)/QTL-linked markers revealed 14.3% polymorphism between PB1 and FL478. Foreground selection was carried out using three Saltol-linked polymorphic SSR markers RM8094, RM493, and RM10793 and background selection by 62 genome-wide polymorphic SSR markers. In every backcross generation, foreground selection was restricted to the triple heterozygotes of foreground markers, which was followed by phenotypic and background selections. Twenty-four near isogenic lines (NILs), with recurrent parent genome recovery of 96.0–98.4%, were selected after two backcrosses followed by three selfing generations. NILs exhibited agronomic traits similar to those of PB1 and additional improvement in the seedling stage salt tolerance. They are being tested for per se performance under salt-affected locations for release as commercial varieties. These NILs appear promising for enhancing rice production in salinity-affected pockets of Basmati Geographical Indication (GI) areas of India.

scholarly journals Improved bacterial leaf blight disease resistance in the major elite Vietnamese rice cultivar TBR225 via editing of the OsSWEET14 promoter

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0255470
Author(s):  
Phuong Nguyen Duy ◽  
Dai Tran Lan ◽  
Hang Pham Thu ◽  
Huong Phung Thi Thu ◽  
Ha Nguyen Thanh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Transcription Activator ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Sugar Transporters ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Mutant Lines

TBR225 is one of the most popular commercial rice varieties in Northern Vietnam. However, this variety is highly susceptible to bacterial leaf blight (BLB), a disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) which can lead to important yield losses. OsSWEET14 belongs to the SWEET gene family that encodes sugar transporters. Together with other Clade III members, it behaves as a susceptibility (S) gene whose induction by Asian Xoo Transcription-Activator-Like Effectors (TALEs) is absolutely necessary for disease. In this study, we sought to introduce BLB resistance in the TBR225 elite variety. First, two Vietnamese Xoo strains were shown to up-regulate OsSWEET14 upon TBR225 infection. To investigate if this induction is connected with disease susceptibility, nine TBR225 mutant lines with mutations in the AvrXa7, PthXo3 or TalF TALEs DNA target sequences of the OsSWEET14 promoter were obtained using the CRISPR/Cas9 editing system. Genotyping analysis of T0 and T1 individuals showed that mutations were stably inherited. None of the examined agronomic traits of three transgene-free T2 edited lines were significantly different from those of wild-type TBR225. Importantly, one of these T2 lines, harboring the largest homozygous 6-bp deletion, displayed decreased OsSWEET14 expression as well as a significantly reduced susceptibility to a Vietnamese Xoo strains and complete resistance to another one. Our findings indicate that CRISPR/Cas9 editing conferred an improved BLB resistance to a Vietnamese commercial elite rice variety.

scholarly journals Identification of blast resistance QTLs based on two advanced backcross populations in rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haichao Jiang ◽  
Yutao Feng ◽  
Lei Qiu ◽  
Guanjun Gao ◽  
Qinglu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Resistance Qtls ◽  
Backcross Population ◽  
Advanced Backcross ◽  
Minor Qtls ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Observation Times

Abstract Background: Rice blast is an economically important and mutable disease of rice. Using host resistance gene to breed resistant varieties has been proven to be the most effective and economical method to control rice blast and new resistance genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are then needed. Results: In this study, we constructed two advanced backcross population to mapping blast resistance QTLs. CR071 and QingGuAi were as the donor parent to establish two BC 3 F 1 and derived BC 3 F 2 backcross populations in the Jin23B background. By challenging the two populations with natural infection in 2011 and 2012, 16 and 13 blast resistance QTLs were identified in Jin23B/CR071 and Jin23B/QingGuAi population, respectively. Among Jin23B/CR071 population, 3 major and 13 minor QTLs have explained the phenotypic variation from 3.50% to 34.08% during six observation times. And, among Jin23B/QingGuAi population, 2 major and 11 minor QTLs have explained the phenotypic variation from 2.42% to 28.95% during six observation times. Conclusions: Sixteen and thirteen blast resistance QTLs were identified in Jin23B/CR071 and Jin23B/QingGuAi population, respectively. QTL effect analyses suggested that major and minor QTLs interaction is the genetic basis for durable blast resistance in rice variety CR071 and QingGuAi.

scholarly journals RFLP mapping of genes conferring complete and partial resistance to blast in a durably resistant rice cultivar.

Genetics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 1421-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
G L Wang ◽  
D J Mackill ◽  
J M Bonman ◽  
S R McCouch ◽  
M C Champoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Qualitative Resistance ◽  
Ri Lines

Abstract Moroberekan, a japonica rice cultivar with durable resistance to blast disease in Asia, was crossed to the highly susceptible indica cultivar, CO39, and 281 F7 recombinant inbred (RI) lines were produced by single seed descent. The population was evaluated for blast resistance in the greenhouse and the field, and was analyzed with 127 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. Two dominant loci associated with qualitative resistance to five isolates of the fungus were tentatively named Pi-5(t) and Pi-7(t). They were mapped on chromosomes 4 and 11, respectively. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting partial resistance, RI lines were inoculated with isolate PO6-6 of Pyricularia oryzae in polycyclic tests. Ten chromosomal segments were found to be associated with effects on lesion number (P &lt; 0.0001 and LOD &gt; 6.0). Three of the markers associated with QTLs for partial resistance had been reported to be linked to complete blast resistance in previous studies. QTLs identified in greenhouse tests were good predictors of blast resistance at two field sites. This study illustrates the usefulness of RI lines for mapping a complex trait such as blast resistance and suggests that durable resistance in the traditional variety, Moroberekan, involves a complex of genes associated with both partial and complete resistance.

scholarly journals Improvement of rice blast resistance by developing monogenic lines, two-gene pyramids and three-gene pyramid through MAS

Rice ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuming Xiao ◽  
Qiyun Yang ◽  
Ming Huang ◽  
Tao Guo ◽  
Yongzhu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Blast ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Panicle Blast ◽  
Gene Pyramid ◽  
High Level ◽  
Resistance Spectrum

Abstract Background Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) is one of the most destructive diseases in rice production. Development of resistant varieties through pyramiding of resistant (R) genes is considered as an effective strategy to cope with the disease. However, is it really essential to pyramid more R genes in a specific ecological regions? To answer this question, a set of rice improved lines were developed in this study. Afterwards, the blast disease resistance and agronomic traits of the recurrent parent (RP), donor parents (DPs) and improved lines were investigated. Results We developed seven improved lines, comprising three monogenic lines, three two-gene pyramids and one three-gene pyramid, by introgression of R gene(s) into a common genetic background using marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB). Based on 302 SSR markers, the recurrent genome of the seven improved lines reached a range of 89.1 to 95.5%, with the average genome recovery of 92.9%. The pathogenicity assays inoculated with 32 different blast isolates under artificial conditions showed that the resistance spectrum of all the improved lines was significantly broadened. The assays further showed that the two-gene pyramids and the three-gene pyramid exhibited wider resistance spectrum than the monogenic lines. At natural nurseries, the three monogenic lines still showed high ratios of infected panicles, whereas the two-gene pyramids and the three-gene pyramid showed high level of panicle blast resistance. However, the two-gene pyramid R504 reached the similar resistance effect of the three-gene pyramid R507 considering resistance spectrum under artificial conditions and panicle blast resistance under field conditions. Generally, the improved lines showed comparable agronomic traits compared with the recurrent parent (RP), but the three-gene pyramid showed reduced grain yield per plant. Conclusions All the improved lines conferred wider resistance spectrum compared with the RP. Yet, the three monogenic lines did not work under field conditions of the two nurseries. Given the similar performances on the main agronomic traits as the RP, the two-gene pyramids have achieved the breeding goals of broad resistance spectrum and effective panicle blast resistance. Whereas, the three-gene pyramid harboring Pi2, Pi46 and Pita seems superfluous considering its reduced yield, although it also showed displayed high level of blast resistance. Thus, rational use of R genes rather than stacking more R genes is recommended to control the disease.

scholarly journals Development of blast resistant rice plants using CRISPR / Cas9 system for genome editing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Fabiano Touzdjian Pinheiro Kohlrausch Távora
Keyword(s):  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Susceptibility Genes ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
World Population ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Short Period

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the main food crop for more than half of the world population but unfortunately, it is severely affected by blast, one of the most widespread and devastating plant diseases, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Hence, the development of rice cultivars with greater resistance to blast is one of the main focuses of breeding programs. However, due to the complex biology of the pathogen, rice cultivars genetically resistant to the fungus become susceptible in a short period of time. In this context, the knockout of rice susceptibility genes represents a flourishing approach to obtain rice cultivars with a broader and longer-lasting resistance to M. oryzae. The present study aimed to use the genomic editing technology - CRISPR/Cas9 system, for knocking-out genes engaged with rice susceptibility to fungal infection. From previous transcriptomics results of two semi-isogenic rice lines - NILs infected by M. oryzae, potential rice-blast susceptibility genes were selected. The prospection of candidate genes for gene editing was complemented by a comparative shotgun proteomic analysis of the protein profile of the interaction between IRBLi-F5 (susceptible) and IRBL5-M (resistant) NILs in early stages of M. oryzae infection, that revealed a specific set of proteins potentially associated with susceptibility. After the characterization and validation of gene expression by RT-qPCR of the most prominent candidates, the target genes OsDjA2, OsERF104 and OsPyl5 were selected and submitted to a functional validation via gene silencing in planta, using antisense oligonucleotides (ASO), in which a clear reduction of leaf symptoms was observed in the compatible identification. Subsequently, the model japonica rice variety Nipponbare was transformed with simplex CRISPR/Cas9 vectors aiming to the independent knockout of each target gene. The T1 progeny of rice-edited plants, homozygous for the null (loss of function)-mutation were tested for blast resistance. As expected, mutant plants showed a decrease of disease symptoms in comparison with control lines (transformant non-edited plants). The results obtained in this study can contribute for the development of rice cultivars resistant to blast disease, besides shedding light on new potential rice-blast susceptibility genes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document