scholarly journals Agro-Environmental Sustainability of Anaerobic Digestate Fractions in Intensive Cropping Systems: Insights Regarding the Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Crop Performance

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 745
Author(s):  
Federico Grillo ◽  
Ilaria Piccoli ◽  
Ivan Furlanetto ◽  
Francesca Ragazzi ◽  
Silvia Obber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Veneto Region ◽  
Liquid Digestate ◽  
Crop Performance ◽  
Use Efficiency

Digestate is an anaerobic digestion by-product rich in inorganic-nitrogen (N) that can be used as an organic fertilizer. Digestate agronomic efficiency and its impact on the environment have not yet been studied in detail, therefore this study tries to fill this gap. The agro-environmental sustainability of digestate fractions was evaluated in a holistic way by comparing the best management practices available in the Veneto Region agroecosystem. A farm experiment involving mineral fertilizer and both liquid and solid digestate fractions was established involving silage winter wheat and silage maize as main crops. Agro-environmental sustainability was investigated coupling crop performance analysis (e.g., yield, N uptake and N use efficiency (NUE)) with a novel proposed agro-environmental sustainability index (AESI) (i.e., product of the dry yield and NUE). The results showed that the liquid digestate fraction gave agronomic performances comparable to mineral fertilizers and a satisfying AESI while solid digestate showed lower performances. In conclusion, liquid digestate fractions might be an effective substitute for mineral fertilizers in the Veneto region agroecosystem reaching encouraging levels of agro-environmental sustainability. On the contrary, longer-term experiments are requested to evaluate solid digestate fraction sustainability.

scholarly journals Biochar Application in Combination with Inorganic Nitrogen Improves Maize Grain Yield, Nitrogen Uptake, and Use Efficiency in Temperate Soils

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1241
Author(s):  
Peter Omara ◽  
Lawrence Aula ◽  
Fikayo B. Oyebiyi ◽  
Elizabeth M. Eickhoff ◽  
Jonathan Carpenter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Significant Response ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Temperate Soils ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

Biochar (B) has shown promise in improving crop productivity. However, its interaction with inorganic nitrogen (N) in temperate soils is not well-studied. The objective of this paper was to compare the effect of fertilizer N-biochar-combinations (NBC) and N fertilizer (NF) on maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield, N uptake, and N use efficiency (NUE). Trials were conducted in 2018 and 2019 at Efaw and Lake Carl Blackwell (LCB) in Oklahoma, USA. A randomized complete block design with three replications and ten treatments consisting of 50, 100, and 150 kg N ha−1 and 5, 10, and 15 Mg B ha−1 was used. At LCB, yield, N uptake, and NUE under NBC increased by 25%, 28%, and 46%, respectively compared to NF. At Efaw, yield, N uptake, and NUE decreased under NBC by 5%, 7%, and 19%, respectively, compared to NF. Generally, results showed a significant response to NBC at ≥10 Mg B ha−1. While results were inconsistent across locations, the significant response to NBC was evident at LCB with sandy loam soil but not Efaw with silty clay loam. Biochar application with inorganic N could improve N use and the yield of maize cultivated on sandy soils with poor physical and chemical properties.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Nitrogen Transfer and Transformation in Traditional Farming and Rice-Duck Farming System by N15 Tracer Method

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tchister Morrel Ebissa ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Yuanqing Guan ◽  
Bingchang Tan ◽  
Peizhen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Transfer ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

A field experiment was conducted in Ninghe, Tianjin, China, using 15N isotope method to evaluate the application of organic fertilizer on N distribution patterns of labelled and unlabeled N fertilizer, ammonium sulfate -15N uptake by rice, N use efficiency (NUE), and the fate of (15NH4)2SO4 applied. The experiment included eight treatments: CK-N (control + no-duck), CK-D (control + ducks), CF-N (chemical fertilizer + no-ducks), CF-D (chemical fertilizer + ducks), CM-N (chemical fertilizer + organic fertilizer + no-ducks), CM-D (chemical fertilizer + organic fertilizer + ducks), CD-N (chemical fertilizer 30% off + organic fertilizer + no-ducks), and CD-D (chemical fertilizer 30% off + organic fertilizer + ducks). The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer whether CM or CD significantly increased N and P concentrations over control (CK) and chemical fertilizer (CF). Moreover, no-significant differences were found in 15N fresh grain and husk concentration. Both organs ranged of 14.2-14.4 g kg-1 and 6.2-6.3 g kg-1, respectively. N derived from the fertilizer and soil significantly affected fresh grain compared to fresh husk. However, N uptake and N use efficiency did not show any differences. We concluded that organic fertilizer has a significant influence on rice growth and promote crop productivity.

scholarly journals Substitution of Mineral Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer in Maize Systems: A Meta-Analysis of Reduced Nitrogen and Carbon Emissions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Zhibiao Wei ◽  
Hao Ying ◽  
Xiaowei Guo ◽  
Minghao Zhuang ◽  
Zhenling Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Organic Carbon Sequestration

Organic fertilizer is an effective substitute for mineral fertilizer that improves crop yield and is environmentally friendly. However, the effects of substitution often vary due to complicated interactions among the organic fertilizer substitution rate (Rs), total nutrient supply, and type of cropping system used. We performed a meta-analysis of 133 maize studies, conducted worldwide, to assess maize yield and environmental performance with substitution of mineral fertilizer with organic fertilizer. At an equivalent nitrogen (N) rate, substituting mineral fertilizer with organic fertilizer increased maize yield by 4.22%, reduced NH3 volatilization by 64.8%, reduced N leaching and runoff by 26.9%, and increased CO2 emissions by 26.8%; however, it had no significant effect on N2O or CH4 emissions. Moreover, substitution with organic fertilizer increased the soil organic carbon sequestration rate by 925 kg C ha−1 yr−1 and decreased the global warming potential by 116 kg CO2 eq ha−1 compared with mineral fertilizer treatment. The net global warming potential after organic fertilizer substitution was −3507 kg CO2 eq ha−1, indicating a net carbon sink. Furthermore, the effect of organic fertilizer substitution varied with the fertilization rate, Rs, and treatment duration. Maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency tended to increase with increasing N application rate following substitution of mineral fertilizer with organic fertilizer. Full substitution reduced N losses more than partial substitution. Further analysis revealed that the yield-optimal Rs for organic N in maize production was 40–60%. Moreover, maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency were further increased after long-term (≥ 3 years) combined use of organic and mineral fertilizers. These findings suggest that rational use of organic and mineral fertilizers improves maize productivity, increases soil organic carbon sequestration, and reduces N and C losses.

scholarly journals Organo - mineral fertilization of wheat: impact on growth and N - recovery using 15N - stable isotope

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 815-821
Author(s):  
MM Ismail ◽  
Ahmed A. Moursy
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
15N Stable Isotope

Investigation was carried out to follow up the effect of organo-mineral fertilizers on yield of wheat plants grown on sand soil using 15N stable isotope. Dry matter accumulation of wheat straw yielded 14.70 g/pot and grains yielded 12.72 g/pot with application of 50% As + BF. The highest values of N-uptake by straw and grains were 144.08 mg N/pot and 320.54 mg N/pot, respectively when treated with 50% As + BF. Portions of different N sources i.e. Nitrogen derived from fertilizer (% Ndff), nitrogen derived from air (% Ndfa) and fertilizer use efficiency (% FUE), gained by grains were (% 28.20), (% 19.70) and (% 34.31) as affected by addition of (50% ammonium sulphate (As) + Bio fertilizer, (25% rice straw (Rs) + 25% As + BF) and ( 25% chicken manure (CM) + 25% As + BF), respectively.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Use and Uptake Efficiency and Crop Performance of Baby Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and Lamb’s Lettuce (Valerianella locusta L.) Grown under Variable Sub-Optimal N Regimes Combined with Plant-Based Biostimulant Application

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Di Mola ◽  
Eugenio Cozzolino ◽  
Lucia Ottaiano ◽  
Sabrina Nocerino ◽  
Youssef Rouphael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Crop Performance ◽  
Use Efficiency

An optimized nitrogen (N) fertilization may have a positive effect on leafy vegetables by increasing growth, yield and nutrient content of plants. Nevertheless, crop performance must be coupled with an increase in Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) in order to limit external N inputs and to avoid N surpluses associated with environmental and health problems. The aim of the current study was to assess the effects of a legume-derived plant hydrolysates (LDPH; Trainer®) and N fertilization levels (0, 2.25 and 4.5 g N m−2 for spinach and 0, 2.5 and 5.0 g N m−2 for lamb’s lettuce; N0%, N50%, N100%, respectively) on agronomical, biochemical, qualitative responses and NUE of these two important greenhouse leafy vegetables. Spinach and lamb’s lettuce were sprayed four times during the growing period (at a concentration of 4 mL L−1 of LDPH). In baby spinach, the LDPH application elicited a significant increase at the three levels of N fertilization: +16.8%, +14.2%, and 39.4% at 0, 2.25 and 4.5 g N m−2, respectively. Interestingly, in lamb’s lettuce, the N50% plants treated with LDPH reached similar values of marketable yield in comparison to treated and non-treated plants under N100% conditions. The presumed mechanism involved in the enhancement of yield response in the two leafy greens could be associated to a better activity of the photosystem II (higher SPAD index), biochemical (higher content of chlorophyll a, b and total) and leaf nitrate status. The foliar application of LDPH produced a major fortification in lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant activities (+11.6 and 6.3% for spinach and lamb’s lettuce, respectively). The biostimulant application also improved N-use efficiency and N-uptake efficiency compared to untreated plants: +17.8% and +18.8%, and +50% and +73.3%, for spinach and lamb’s lettuce, respectively.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Nitrogen Transfer and Transformation in Traditional Farming and the Rice–Duck Farming System by 15N Tracer Method

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tchister EBISSA ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Yuanqing Guan ◽  
Bingchang Tan ◽  
Peizhen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
15N Tracer ◽  
Nitrogen Transfer ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

A field experiment was conducted in Ninghe, Tianjin, China, using the 15N isotope method to determine the fate of N sources, application effect of organic fertilizer on the growth of rice plant organs, N uptake by rice, and N use efficiency. The experiment included eight treatments: CK-N (control + no-duck), CK-D (control + ducks), CF-N (chemical fertilizer + no-ducks), CF-D (chemical fertilizer + ducks), CM-N (chemical fertilizer + organic fertilizer + no-ducks), CM-D (chemical fertilizer + organic fertilizer + ducks), CD-N (chemical fertilizer 30% off + organic fertilizer + no-ducks), and CD-D (chemical fertilizer 30% off + organic fertilizer + ducks). The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer whether CM or CD in grain and leaf significantly increased N concentration; leaf and root P concentrations over control (CK) and chemical fertilizer (CF). In contrast, straw and root N concentrations, including grain and straw P concentrations did not show any difference between duck and no-duck treatment. Moreover, non-significant differences were found in 15N fresh grain and husk concentration. Both organs ranged from 14.2–14.4 g·kg−1 and 6.2–6.3 g·kg−1, respectively. Likewise, N uptake and N use efficiency in fresh grain and husk were not significantly differed within duck and without duck treatment. However, N uptake in fresh grain and husk ranged at the rates of 54.90–93.69 and 6.43–11.04 kg ha−1 with duck and without duck treatment. N use efficiency in fresh grain and husk ranged from 21.55%–34.61% and 2.61%–4.24%, respectively. Overall organic fertilizer has a significant influence on rice growth and promotes crop productivity.

N uptake and recovery by onions from peat-mineral fertilizers

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Abbès ◽  
L. E. Parent ◽  
A. Karam ◽  
D. Isfan
Keyword(s):  
N Uptake ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Granule Size ◽  
Ammonia Toxicity ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen release from peat-ammonia-mineral fertilizers (PAMF) could be partly controlled by granule size and soil application of nitrification inhibitors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various combinations of nitrapyrin, a nitrification inhibitor, and granule sizes of PAMF on onion (Allium cepa L. ’Norstar 210B’) yield and N recovery. The study was conducted in a growth chamber, with two soils, two nitrapyrin rates (0 and 8 mg kg−1), three PAMF rates (0, 133 and 266 mg N kg−1) and three granule sizes (2-, 4- and 10-mm diameters). Nitrogen-use efficiency was assessed using the 15N technique. Nitrapyrin considerably depressed onion yield and failed to improve PAMF efficiency because of apparent ammonia toxicity. The 10-mm granules produced higher dry matter yield (3–8%) and root length (1–9%) than 2-mm and 4-mm granules. Maximum N recovery from PAMF 10-mm granules reached 47% in the Tilly soil and 76% in the Chaloupe soil. In contrast to nitrapyrin, granule size may improve N availability to onions from PAMF. Key words: Ammonia, fertilizers, 15N isotope, nitrapyrin, N recovery, onions, peat

Respon Padi Gogo Terhadap Residu Pupuk Organik

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baso Daeng
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design

<em>The rate of conversion of paddy fields and irrigation water crisis suggest to consider the development of upland rice.� Empowerment of organic-based dryland done to increase rice, as well as environmental sustainability efforts.� The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of organic fertilizer residue to upland rice in the second growing season.� Experiments using a split-split plot design.� The main plot consisted of a dosage of 50% and 100% organic fertilizer in the first growing season.� Sub plot consisted of chicken manure (20 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>), <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Centrosema</span>� <span style="text-decoration: underline;">pubescens</span> (4.3 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>) + chicken manure (10 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>), and <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Thitonia</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">diversifolia</span> (4.3 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>) + chicken manure (10 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>).� Sub-sub plot consist of Danau Gaung and Batu Tegi varieties.� The different types of fertilizer had no effect on plant productivity.� The addition of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Thitonia</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">diversifolia</span> gave a good effect on some growth variable and its resistance due pathogen attack.� Batu Tegi varieties are varieties that give the best response from an organic fertilizer.� Interaction between dosage, type of fertilizer, and varieties do not provide areal impact.</em>

scholarly journals A STELLA-Based Model to Simultaneously Predict Hydrological Processes, N Uptake and Biomass Production in a Eucalyptus Plantation

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 515
Author(s):  
Ying Ouyang ◽  
Gary Feng ◽  
Heidi Renninger ◽  
Theodor D. Leininger ◽  
Prem Parajuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Simulation Scenario ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

Eucalyptus is one of the fastest growing hardwoods for bioenergy production. Currently, few modeling tools exist to simultaneously estimate soil hydrological processes, nitrogen (N) uptake, and biomass production in a eucalyptus plantation. In this study, a STELLA (Structural Thinking and Experiential Learning Laboratory with Animation)-based model was developed to meet this need. After the model calibration and validation, a simulation scenario was developed to assess eucalyptus (E. grandis × urophylla) annual net primary production (ANPP), woody biomass production (WBP), water use efficiency (WUE), and N use efficiency (NUE) for a simulation period of 20 years. Simulation results showed that a typical annual variation pattern was predicted for water use, N uptake, and ANPP, increasing from spring to fall and decreasing from fall to the following winter. Overall, the average NUE during the growth stage was 700 kg/kg. To produce 1000 kg eucalyptus biomass, it required 114.84 m3 of water and 0.92 kg of N. This study suggests that the STELLA-based model is a useful tool to estimate ANPP, WBP, WUE, and NUE in a eucalyptus plantation.

scholarly journals Genotypic Difference in the Responses to Nitrogen Fertilizer Form in Tibetan Wild and Cultivated Barley

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 595
Author(s):  
Shama Naz ◽  
Qiufang Shen ◽  
Jonas Lwalaba Wa Lwalaba ◽  
Guoping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wild Barley ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Genotypic Difference ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Tibetan Wild Barley ◽  
Cultivated Barley

Nitrogen (N) availability and form have a dramatic effect on N uptake and assimilation in plants, affecting growth and development. In the previous studies, we found great differences in low-N tolerance between Tibetan wild barley accessions and cultivated barley varieties. We hypothesized that there are different responses to N forms between the two kinds of barleys. Accordingly, this study was carried out to determine the response of four barley genotypes (two wild, XZ16 and XZ179; and two cultivated, ZD9 andHua30) under 4Nforms (NO3−, NH4+, urea and glycine). The results showed significant reduction in growth parameters such as root/shoot length and biomass, as well as photosynthesis parameters and total soluble protein content under glycine treatment relative to other N treatments, for both wild and cultivated barley, however, XZ179 was least affected. Similarly, ammonium adversely affected growth parameters in both wild and cultivated barleys, with XZ179 being severely affected. On the other hand, both wild and cultivated genotypes showed higher biomass, net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll and protein in NO3− treatment relative to other three N treatments. It may be concluded that barley undisputedly grows well under inorganic nitrogen (NO3−), however in response to the organic N wild barley prefer glycine more than cultivated barely.

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