scholarly journals Agricultural Uses of Juglone: Opportunities and Challenges

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. M. Mominul Islam ◽  
Joshua R. Widhalm
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Black Walnut ◽  
Juglans Nigra ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides ◽  
Potential Use

Application of conventional synthetic pesticides and agrochemicals has boosted the yield and productivity of crops by reducing pest infestation and promoting crop growth yet increasing reliance on many of these products poses serious environmental threats. This has led to growing interest in obtaining more environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional pesticides and agrochemicals. Allelochemicals produced by plants, fungi, and microbes offer options for developing novel natural product-based pesticides and agrochemicals that are effective but with lower environmental half-lives. Here, we review the current state of knowledge about the potential use of juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone), the allelochemical produced by black walnut trees (Juglans nigra), which has been investigated for applications across a range of different agricultural purposes. We then offer our perspective on what opportunities and challenges exist for harnessing juglone as a component of sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Potential Use of Indoor Living Walls in Canadian Dwellings

J ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-130
Author(s):  
Daria Smolova ◽  
Avi Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Fresh Food ◽  
Living Wall ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Potential Integration

Current social and environmental challenges have led to the rethinking of residential designs. Global warming, food insecurity, and, as a result, costly fresh produce are some of the causes of the reconsideration. Moreover, with obligatory isolation following the global COVID-19 pandemic, some are realizing the importance of nature and air quality in homes. This paper explores the potential integration of indoor living walls (ILWs) in Canadian homes for agricultural and air purification purposes. By reviewing a number of case studies, this paper investigates how the development of such walls can alter the traditional food production chain, while reducing environmental threats. The findings show that current indoor living wall practices can be transformed into a useful source of fresh food, and, to some degree, alter traditional food supply. They can also help in creating inexpensive methods of air purification.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Recovery from Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizers and Urea in Intensively Managed Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) Plantations

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Joshua L. Sloan ◽  
Francis K. Salifu ◽  
Douglass F. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Black Walnut ◽  
Juglans Nigra ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Competing Vegetation ◽  
Fertilizer N Recovery ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Polymer Coated Urea

Intensively managed forest plantations often require fertilization to maintain site fertility and to improve growth and yield over successive rotations. We applied urea-based “enhanced-efficiency fertilizers” (EEF) containing 0.5 atom% 15N at a rate of 224 kg N ha−1 to soils under mid-rotation black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) plantations to track the fate of applied 15N within aboveground ecosystem components during the 12-month period after application. Treatments included Agrotain Ultra (urea coated with a urease inhibitor), Arborite EC (urea coated with water-soluble boron and phosphate), Agrium ESN (polymer-coated urea), uncoated urea, and an unfertilized control. Agrotain Ultra and Arborite EC increased N concentrations of competing vegetation within one month after fertilization, while neither Agrium ESN nor uncoated urea had any effect on competing vegetation N concentrations during the experiment. Agrotain Ultra and Arborite EC increased δ15N values in leaves of crop trees above those of controls at one and two months after fertilization, respectively. By contrast, Agrium ESN and uncoated urea had no effect on δ15N values in leaves of crop trees until three months after fertilization. Fertilizer N recovery (FNR) varied among ecosystem components, with competing vegetation acting as a sink for applied nutrients. There were no significant differences in FNR for all the urea-based EEF products compared to uncoated urea. Agrium ESN was the only EEF that exhibited controlled-release activity in this study, with other fertilizers behaving similarly to uncoated urea.

scholarly journals Influence of a Natural Plant Antioxidant on the Ageing Process of Ethylene-norbornene Copolymer (Topas)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4018
Author(s):  
Anna Masek ◽  
Angelika Plota
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Aging Behavior ◽  
Current State ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Potential Use

In the field of polymer technology, a variety of mainly synthetic additives are used to stabilize the materials during processing. However, natural compounds of plant origin can be a green alternative to chemicals such as synthetic polyphenols. An analysis of the effect of hesperidin on the aging behavior of ethylene-norbornene copolymer was performed. The evaluation of changes in the tested samples was possible by applying the following tests: determination of the surface energy and OIT values, mechanical properties analysis, colour change measurements, FT-IR and TGA analyses. The obtained results proved that hesperidin can be effectively used as natural stabilizer for polymers. Furthermore, as a result of this compound addition to Topas-silica composites, their surface and physico-mechanical properties have been improved and the resistance to aging significantly increased. Additionally, hesperidin can act as a dye or colour indicator and only few scientific reports describe a possibility of using flavonoids to detect changes in products during their service life, e.g., in food packaging. In the available literature, there is no information about the potential use of hesperidin as a stabilizer for cycloolefin copolymers. Therefore, this approach may contribute not only to the current state of knowledge, but also presents an eco-friendly solution that can be a good alternative to synthetic stabilizers.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilization of Black Walnut (Juglans nigra L.) During Plantation Establishment. Morphology and Production Efficiency

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa C. Goodman ◽  
Juan A. Oliet ◽  
Guillermo Pardillo ◽  
Douglass F. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Black Walnut ◽  
Juglans Nigra ◽  
Plantation Establishment

Environmentally Friendly Slow Release Nano-Chemicals in Agriculture

2019 ◽  
pp. 220-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Kothari ◽  
Khursheed Ahmad Wani
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Slow Discharge ◽  
The World ◽  
Growing Population ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizers

Agriculture is important for people all over the world in order to obtain food to sustain the ever-growing population. However, the current practices for obtaining more and more food has several environmental challenges. Hence, new environmentally friendly fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides have been developed that enhance crop yield by facilitating maximum nutrient uptake by the application of nanotechnology that will help in promoting sustainable agriculture by the slow or controlled release fertilizers. This slow discharge encourages improved delivery of nutrients to the plants that further speeds up early germination, fast growth, and high nutritional level. The current study is aimed to review nano-chemicals used in agriculture that have been developed by the researchers all over the world.

scholarly journals Pesticide usage pattern for vegetable cultivation in Manmunai South & Eruvilpattu divisional secretariat Division of Batticaloa district, Sri Lanka

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sutharsan ◽  
K Sivakumar ◽  
S Srikrishnah
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
Vegetable Farmers ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides ◽  
Pesticide Usage ◽  
Vegetable Cultivation

Batticaloa, is a coastal district in Sri Lanka. Vegetables except up-country vegetables sold in Batticaloa District are mainly grown in villages. Manmunai South and Eruvilpattu divisional secretariat (DS) division is a predominantly vegetable cultivating area in the Batticaloa district. Farmers in this region use variety of synthetic pesticides to protect vegetables. Recently public concern related to health risks associated with pesticide residues has been increased, substantially. Therefore, a study was conducted to find out pesticide usage practices of farmers on vegetable cultivation in Manmunai South and Eruvilpattu DS division. Stratified random sampling method was used to select respondents’ for the survey and the collected data were analyzed statistically. It was observed that, the usage of pesticides was higher in the study area. Vegetable farmers use more than 14 Insecticides to control pest infestation. Farmers in the study area apply pesticides more frequently. Highly pesticide sprayed crop is Brinjal. About 66% of the Chilli producing farmers and 84% of the Brinjal producing farmers apply pesticide more than 22 times per cropping season. Around 90% of the farmers apply more than the recommended dosage and frequency of the pesticides. It was noticed that more than 89% of the farmers harvest the produce before the recommended pre harvest interval. It was found out that farmers in the study area are not following recommended pesticide usage practices. Hence, it is essential to educate the farmers on recommended pesticide usage practices, reduced usage of synthetic pesticides and use of organic farming practices to reduce the ill effects of synthetic pesticides. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v4i1.21092 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 4 (1): 53-56, June, 2014

scholarly journals Bacterium-Mediated RNA Interference: Potential Application in Plant Protection

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Goodfellow ◽  
Daai Zhang ◽  
Ming-Bo Wang ◽  
Ren Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Applications

RNAi has emerged as a promising tool for targeting agricultural pests and pathogens and could provide an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional means of control. However, the deployment of this technology is still limited by a lack of suitable exogenous- or externally applied delivery mechanisms. Numerous means of overcoming this limitation are being explored. One such method, bacterium-mediated RNA interference, or bmRNAi, has been explored in other systems and shows great potential for application to agriculture. Here, we review the current state of bmRNAi, examine the technical limitations and possible improvements, and discuss its potential applications in crop protection.

Organic Based Heat Stabilizers for PVC: A Safer and more Environmentally Friendly Alternatives

2015 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aran Asawakosinchai ◽  
Chanchra Jubsilp ◽  
Sarawut Rimdusit
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Pipe Production ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Zinc Compounds ◽  
Heat Stabilizer ◽  
Pvc Pipe ◽  
Potential Use

Organic based stabilizers have been considered as a new technology providing environmentally friendly heat stabilizer for PVC pipe production to substitute conventional lead stabilizer as well as calcium zinc stabilizer. In this research, PVC samples stabilized with 5 types of heat stabilizers i.e. 1) commercial lead stabilizer, 2) commercial calcium zinc stabilizer, 3) commercial organic based stabilizer (OBS), 4) 1,3-dimetyl-6-aminouracil (DAU) and 5) eugenol, were investigated. From dynamic mechanical analysis, storage modulus at room temperature of PVC stabilized with DAU was found to provide the highest value among those stabilizers. Glass transition temperature of the PVC stabilized with all types of heat stabilizers was determined to be approximately 99°C except the value of about 89°C in eugenol stabilized PVC. Furthermore, PVC stabilized with commercial lead, calcium zinc stabilizer and commercial OBS could be reprocessed up to at least 5 cycles. Whereas, PVC stabilized with DAU was found to be able to withstand the processing cycle up to 4 cycles. Additionally, PVC stabilized with DAU showed the most outstanding short term thermal stability and can maintain its original color for at least up to 4 processing cycles. Finally, repeated processing of PVC stabilized with each type of heat stabilizers showed negligible effect on mechanical properties for at least up to 3 processing cycles. From the above results, it is evident that DAU showed high potential use as a safe and effective organic based heat stabilizer for PVC to substitute traditional lead or calcium zinc compounds.

Antitumor Activity of Juglans nigra (Black Walnut) Extractives

1968 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1674-1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh C. Bhargava ◽  
Bertis A. Westfall
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Black Walnut ◽  
Juglans Nigra
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