scholarly journals Effects of Different In Situ Remediation Strategies for an As-Polluted Soil on Human Health Risk, Soil Properties, and Vegetation

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 759
Author(s):  
Diego Baragaño ◽  
José Luis R. Gallego ◽  
Gaspar Baleriola ◽  
Rubén Forján
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
In Situ Remediation ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Fresh Biomass

The demand for soils for recreational uses, gardening, or others in urban and periurban areas is increasing, and thus the presence of polluted technosols in these areas requires nature-based in situ remediation technologies. In this context, the capacity of three amendments, namely zero valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI), compost and a mixture of compost and biochar, to immobilise As in a polluted technosol simultaneously cultivated with Lolium perenne L. were tested and compared. The characteristics of the soil were comprehensively characterised by chemical and X-ray analysis to determine As contents, distribution, and mineralogy. As mobility was evaluated by the RBA methodology and then potential human health risks, both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic, were assessed in all treatments. The nZVI treatment reduced risks due to the As immobilisation obtained (41% As decrease, RBA test), whereas the organic amendments did not imply any significant reduction of the RBA values. As to soil properties, the organic treatments applied lowered the pH values, increasing cation exchange capacity, and carbon and nutrient contents. To determine impacts over plant production, fresh biomass, As, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na and P were measured in Lolium under the different treatments. Notably, organic amendments improved As extraction by plants (57% increase), as well as fresh biomass (56% increase). On the contrary, nZVI diminished As extraction (65% decrease) and promoted a fresh biomass decrease of 57% due to nutrients immobilisation (61% decrease of P in plants tissues).

scholarly journals Efficacy of Woodchip Biochar and Brown Coal Waste as Stable Sorbents for Abatement of Bioavailable Cadmium, Lead and Zinc in Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 231 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Amoah-Antwi ◽  
J. Kwiatkowska-Malina ◽  
E. Szara ◽  
S. Thornton ◽  
O. Fenton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Brown Coal ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Coal Waste ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Abstract Organic sorbents alter physicochemical soil properties and mitigate heavy metal (HM) bioavailability. However, some sorbents are labile and, therefore, introduce the risk of HM release into soil after mineralisation. Before field application, new stable organic sorbents such as woodchip biochar (BIO) and brown coal waste (BCW) need to be tested and compared with standard organic amendments like farmyard manure (FYM). An incubated pot experiment was conducted to investigate the efficacy of FYM, BIO and BCW (added to soil in pots at 5 and 10% w/w) to alter soil physicochemical properties and mitigate bioavailability of Cd, Pb and Zn spiked in treatments at different doses (in mg kg−1); 0 (not spiked), 1 (1 Cd, 70 Pb, 100 Zn) and 2 (3 Cd, 500 Pb, 700 Zn), and incubated for 9 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the EDTA-extractable HM fractions, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and specific surface area (SSA, to check trends) were determined in all treated soils. Results showed that FYM, BCW and BIO generally improved all soil properties (except reduced pH from BCW and apparent SSA reduction from FYM) and accounted for respective maximum abatements of Cd (50.2, 69.9 and 25.5%), Pb (34.2, 64.3 and 17.4%) and Zn (14.9, 17.7 and 11.8%) bioavailability in soil. FYM and BCW were more effective at 10% w/w especially in the low contaminated soil, whereas the highest efficacy for BIO was at 5% w/w and in the high contaminated soil. The efficacies of sorption by the organic sorbents varied for different HMs and were in the orders: BCW > FYM > BIO for Cd, FYM > BCW > BIO for Pb and BIO > BCW > FYM for Zn. Soil pH and CEC were strongly correlated with HM bioavailability in all treatments and implied that immobilisation of HMs occurred via complex formation, ion exchange and pH-dependent specific adsorption. All three sorbents were beneficial as soil amendments, and in terms of HM mitigation, BCW had the highest efficacy, followed by FYM and then BIO. Considering the documented high soil stability of BCW and BIO, these results are promising for further trialling at field scale.

scholarly journals Soil Contamination in Areas Impacted by Military Activities: A Critical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9002
Author(s):  
Parya Broomandi ◽  
Mert Guney ◽  
Jong Ryeol Kim ◽  
Ferhat Karaca
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Human Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Specific Distribution

Military activities drastically affect soil properties mainly via physical/chemical disturbances during military training and warfare. The present paper aims to review (1) physical/chemical disturbances in soils following military activities, (2) approaches to characterization of contaminated military-impacted sites, and (3) advances in human health risk assessment for evaluating potential adverse impacts. A literature search mainly covering the period 2010–2020 but also including relevant selected papers published before 2010 was conducted. Selected studies (more than 160) were grouped as follows and then reviewed: ~40 on the presence of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), ~20 on energetic compounds (ECs) and chemical warfare agents (CWAs), ~40 on human health risk assessment, and generic limits/legislation, and ~60 supporting studies. Soil physical disturbances (e.g., compaction by military traffic) may drastically affect soil properties (e.g., hydraulic conductivity) causing environmental issues (e.g., increased erosion). Chemical disturbances are caused by the introduction of numerous PTEs, ECs, and CWAs and are of a wide nature. Available generic limits/legislation for these substances is limited, and their contents do not always overlap. Among numerous PTEs in military-impacted zones, Pb seems particularly problematic due to its high toxicity, abundance, and persistence. For ECs and CWAs, their highly variable physiochemical properties and biodegradability govern their specific distribution, environmental fate, and transport. Most site characterization includes proper spatial/vertical profiling, albeit without adequate consideration of contaminant speciation/fractionation. Human health risk assessment studies generally follow an agreed upon framework; however, the depth/adequacy of their use varies. Generic limits/legislation limited to a few countries do not always include all contaminants of concern, their content doesn’t overlap, and scientific basis is not always clear. Thus, a comprehensive scientific framework covering a range of contaminants is needed. Overall, contaminant speciation, fractionation, and mobility have not been fully considered in numerous studies. Chemical speciation and bioaccessibility, which directly affect the results for risk characterization, should be properly integrated into risk assessment processes for accurate results.

The effects of organic amendments on heavy metals bioavailability in mine impacted soil and associated human health risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 109067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehboob Alam ◽  
Zawar Hussain ◽  
Anwarzeb Khan ◽  
Muhammad Amjad Khan ◽  
Abdur Rab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Heavy Metals Bioavailability

In situ remediation of metal-contaminated soils with organic amendments: Role of humic acids in copper bioavailability

Chemosphere ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 844-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Soler-Rovira ◽  
Engracia Madejón ◽  
Paula Madejón ◽  
César Plaza
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acids ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
In Situ Remediation ◽  
Copper Bioavailability

scholarly journals Modifying Effect of Soil Properties on Bio-Accessibility of As and Pb from Human Ingestion of Contaminated Soil

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Loryssa M. Lake ◽  
Nicholas T. Basta ◽  
David J. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Modifying Effect

Exposure to soils contaminated with heavy metals can pose human health risk to children through ingestion of contaminated soil. Soil properties such as soil pH, reactive Fe and Al oxide content, clay content, soil organic matter (SOM), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) can reduce contaminant bio-accessibility and exposure. In vitro bio-accessibility (%IVBA) of As and Pb in 19 soils was determined using U.S. EPA Method 1340. Soil properties reduced the bio-accessibility of As by 17–96.5% and 1.3–38.9% for Pb. For both As and Pb, bio-accessibility decreased with increasing Al and Fe oxide content. Al oxides were found to be the primary driver of As and Pb bio-accessibility. Multiple regressions with AlOx, soil pH, %clay and/or FeOx predicted %IVBA As (p < 0.001). The multiple regression including log (FeOx + AlOx) and %clay explained 63% of the variability in %IVBA Pb (p < 0.01). Fe and Al oxides were found to be important drivers of As and Pb bio-accessibility, regardless of in vitro method. These findings suggested soil pH should be used in addition to reactive oxides to predict bio-accessible As. Risk-based adjustments using soil properties for exposure via incidental ingestion should be considered for soils contaminated with As and/or Pb.

Human health risk assessment: application of the NORISC-HRA and ROME models at two test sites

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 559-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Quercia ◽  
A. Vecchio ◽  
M. Falconi ◽  
L. Togni ◽  
E. Wcislo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Human Health Risk Assessment
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