scholarly journals Human Machine Interface Design for Monitoring Safety Risks Associated with Operating Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems in Urban Areas

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Max Friedrich ◽  
Mark Vollrath
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft Systems ◽  
Human Operator ◽  
Display Design ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
System States ◽  
Core Idea

The envisioned introduction of autonomous Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) into low-altitude urban airspace necessitates high levels of system safety. Despite increased system autonomy, humans will most likely remain an essential component in assuring safety. This paper derives, applies, and evaluates a display design concept that aims to support safety risk monitoring of multiple sUAS by a human operator. The concept comprises of five design principles. The core idea of the concept is to limit display complexity despite increasing the number of sUAS monitored by primarily visualizing highly abstracted information while hiding detailed information of lower abstraction, unless specifically requested by the human operator. States of highly abstracted functions are visualized by function-specific icons that change hue in accordance to specified system states. Simultaneously, the design concept aims to support the human operator in identifying off-nominal situations by implementing design properties that guide visual attention. The display was evaluated in a study with seven subject matter experts. Although preliminary, the results clearly favor the proposed display design concept. The advantages of the proposed design concept are demonstrated, and the next steps for further exploring the proposed display design concept are outlined.

scholarly journals OPERATIONAL SAFETY AND OPERATOR MANAGEMENT TO ENABLE THE USE OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (UAS) AS GEOMATICS TOOLS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norberto Vera ◽  
Israel Quintanilla ◽  
Jordi Vidal ◽  
Beatriz Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft Systems ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Regulatory Constraints

Potential civil applications of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), commonly known as drones, have risen steeply duringthe last decade, mainly due to their versatility and capability of spatial data gathering. Nonetheless, real use of UAS isquite restricted nowadays, primarily due to safety and regulatory constraints. This multidisciplinary project aims to performspecific safety assessments using the SORA methodology adopted by the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) anddevelop documentation and procedures for operators to follow, complying with all required safety and regulatoryrequirements. As a result, DEURPAS-UPV is the first Spanish drone operator belonging to a university to be authorizedby Spanish civil aviation agency (AESA-Agencia Estatal de Seguridad Aérea), to perform drone flights in urban areas, incontrolled airspace and during the night. In addition, DEURPAS-UPV has performed the first authorized experimentaltransport operations using drones in Spain. The results from safety assessment and designed procedures have beensuccessfully applied to the operation of Safety and Emergency service providers, such as Valencia Local Police Corps andthe Valencian Emergency and Safety Response Agency (AVSRE - Agencia Valenciana de Seguridad y Respuesta a lasEmergencias). Overall, this project has served as an enabler for more complex and safer UAS operations, from theoperator’s point of view, which will help break the barriers related to the use of these aircraft, with huge potential ingeomatics applications.

scholarly journals Quantifying situation awareness for small unmanned aircraft

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (1251) ◽  
pp. 733-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. McAree ◽  
J.M. Aitken ◽  
S.M. Veres
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft Systems ◽  
Human Operator ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Future Assessment ◽  
Board Decision Making ◽  
High Level ◽  
Awareness System

ABSTRACTA novel statistical model is presented to quantify situation awareness in the operation of small civilian Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). Today, the vast majority of small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) operation takes place under Visual Line of Sight (VLOS) of a human operator, who is wholly responsible for the safety of the flight. As operation begins to move to Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS), it is likely that this responsibility will become shared between operator and the increasingly autonomous UAS itself. Before we seek to quantify the safety of such a system, it is beneficial to analyse the safety of existing Visual Line of Sight (VLOS) operations to provide a target level of safety. Prior to considering any on-board decision making, it is essential to ensure that the artificial situation awareness system of a UAS in Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) is at least as good as awareness of a human operator. The paper provides a probabilistic theory and model for the high-level abstractions of situation awareness to guide future assessment of BVLOS operations.

FLIGHT SAFETY OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS IN NON-SEGREGATED AIRSPACE

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Sergeevich Alyoshin ◽  
Valeriy Leonidovich Sukhanov ◽  
Vladimir Mikhaylovich Shibaev
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft Systems ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Aircraft Systems

Assuring Learning-Enabled Components in Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Muvva ◽  
Justin M. Bradley ◽  
Marilyn Wolf ◽  
Taylor Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft Systems ◽  
Aircraft Systems
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