scholarly journals Spoken Instruction Understanding in Air Traffic Control: Challenge, Technique, and Application

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Yi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Language Understanding ◽  
The Common ◽  
Control Challenge

In air traffic control (ATC), speech communication with radio transmission is the primary way to exchange information between the controller and aircrew. A wealth of contextual situational dynamics is embedded implicitly; thus, understanding the spoken instruction is particularly significant to the ATC research. In this paper, a comprehensive review related to spoken instruction understanding (SIU) in the ATC domain is provided from the perspective of the challenges, techniques, and applications. Firstly, a full pipeline is represented to achieve the SIU task, including automatic speech recognition, language understanding, and voiceprint recognition. A total of 10 technique challenges are analyzed based on the ATC task specificities. In succession, the common techniques for SIU tasks are categorized from common applications, and extensive works in the ATC domain are also reviewed. Finally, a series of future research topics are also prospected based on the corresponding challenges. The author sincerely hopes that this work is able to provide a clear technical roadmap for the SIU tasks in the ATC domain and further make contributions to the research community.

Effects of Performance Strategies on the Air Traffic Control Simulation Test

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (21) ◽  
pp. 1092-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Seamster ◽  
Richard E. Redding ◽  
Dana L. Broach
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Strategy Training ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Simulation Test ◽  
Training Strategy ◽  
Key Aspects

A key component of the FAA's selection battery for air traffic controller trainees is the air traffic simulation test (ATST), developed as a job sample and simulation of air traffic control tasks. This study determined whether candidates taking the ATST could be taught strategies to help them achieve superior test performance. In this study, 51 participants completed a two day strategy training and testing session. The experimental group received explicit strategy training, and the control group received equivalent practice but with no strategy training. Strategy training improved key aspects of ATST performance. Training on simple strategies allowing automatic information processing was successful at improving some key aspects of ATST performance, while training on more complex strategies requiring controlled processing did not improve performance. Implications for future research and for short-term strategy training for technical tasks is discussed.

An Application of Auditory Alarm Research in the Design of Warning Sounds for an Integrated Tower Air Traffic Control Computer System

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (19) ◽  
pp. 1002-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Jonathan Wolfman ◽  
Douglas L. Miller ◽  
Alton J. Volanth
Keyword(s):  
Computer System ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Control Computer ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
The Many ◽  
Alarm Sounds

Auditory alarms are often determined by different manufacturers in isolation without any guidelines or standards. The result is an environment filled with inconsistent, confusing, meaningless, and often annoying alarm sounds. Such factors have been considered in the design of a Tower Air Traffic Control computer system (referred to as TCCC) currently under contract with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), which will serve to integrate and standardize the various systems in the tower. One of the many benefits of this new automation will be that the warning sounds in use today will be replaced with standard, ergonomically designed alarm sounds. This paper follows the process the authors used in constructing TCCC auditory alarms, combining a detailed analysis of the common problems associated with auditory alarms with a review of alarm construction theories and standards. The results of this process, the proposed TCCC auditory alarm attributes, are then presented.

Miscommunication between pilots and air traffic control

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kent Jones
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Pilot Error ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
The Common

Language confusion is a frequent cause of pilot error. Although English was made the common language of world aviation in 1951, miscommunication and crashes in which communication was a contributing factor are common. Standard phrases used by air traffic controllers in the United States contain numerous confusing elements. These include ambiguities, misnomers and illogicalities. Phrases are not derivations of a master plan as they should be. The inability of English to express specific directions to pilots without confusion disqualifies it as a language for permanent use by aviation.

The Dioscures Project

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-183
Author(s):  
B. Manuali
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Aircraft Control ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Communication Links ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of

In January 1967 the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales and the Secrétariat Général à l'Aviation Civile agreed on the definition of the main characteristics of the Project Dioscures, a system for telecommunications, air traffic control and navigation by means of satellites. Since then, technical studies have been carried out and the main equipment is being developed. The proposed system will enable air traffic control centres to provide continuous position determination for aircraft in the common visibility zone of two geostationary satellites. Furthermore, it will establish dependable and good-quality communication links between aircraft, control centres and other users (airlines and shipping companies, meteorological services, &c.). The system will initially be implemented over the Atlantic, mainly to serve the North Atlantic region, to be progressively expanded to cover the whole world.

scholarly journals Congruent Audio-visual Alarms for Supervision Tasks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliott Audry ◽  
Jérémie Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Cognitive Overload ◽  
Future Research Directions

Operators in surveillance activities face cognitive overload due to the fragmentation of information on several screens, the dynamic nature of the task and the multiple visual or audible alarms. This paper presents our ongoing efforts to design efficient audio-visual alarms for surveillance activities such as traffic management or air traffic control. We motivate the use of congruent cross-modal animations to design alarms and describe audio-visual mappings based on this paradigm. We ran a preference experiments with 24 participants to assess our designs and found that specific polarities between visual and audio parameters were preferred. We conclude with future research directions to validate the efficiency of our alarms with different cognitive load levels.

Workload Perception of Air Traffic Control Officers and Pilots During Continuous Descent Operations Approach Procedures

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
Marina Efthymiou ◽  
Frank Fichert ◽  
Olaf Lantzsch
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Reduce Fuel Consumption ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Open Path

Abstract. The paper examines the workload perceived by air traffic control officers (ATCOs) and pilots during continuous descent operations (CDOs), applying closed- and open-path procedures. CDOs reduce fuel consumption and noise emissions. Therefore, they are supported by airports as well as airlines. However, their use often depends on pilots asking for CDOs and controllers giving approval and directions. An adapted NASA Total Load Index (TLX) was used to measure the workload perception of ATCOs and pilots when applying CDOs at selected European airports. The main finding is that ATCOs’ workload increased when giving both closed- and open-path CDOs, which may have a negative impact on their willingness to apply CDOs. The main problem reported by pilots was insufficient distance-to-go information provided by ATCOs. The workload change is important when considering the use of CDOs.

How to Evaluate Remote Tower Metrics in Connection With Weather Observations

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maik Friedrich ◽  
Christoph Möhlenbrink
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Weather Event ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Weather Observations ◽  
Validation Experiment ◽  
Remote Controller

Abstract. Owing to the different approaches for remote tower operation, a standardized set of indicators is needed to evaluate the technical implementations at a task performance level. One of the most influential factors for air traffic control is weather. This article describes the influence of weather metrics on remote tower operations and how to validate them against each other. Weather metrics are essential to the evaluation of different remote controller working positions. Therefore, weather metrics were identified as part of a validation at the Erfurt-Weimar Airport. Air traffic control officers observed weather events at the tower control working position and the remote control working position. The eight participating air traffic control officers answered time-synchronized questionnaires at both workplaces. The questionnaires addressed operationally relevant weather events in the aerodrome. The validation experiment targeted the air traffic control officer’s ability to categorize and judge the same weather event at different workplaces. The results show the potential of standardized indicators for the evaluation of performance and the importance of weather metrics in relation to other evaluation metrics.

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