scholarly journals Electro-Actuation System Strategy for a Morphing Flap

Aerospace ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Arena ◽  
Francesco Amoroso ◽  
Rosario Pecora ◽  
Salvatore Ameduri
Keyword(s):  
Lift Coefficient ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Distributed Sensor ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Actuation System ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Readiness Level ◽  
Morphing Structure ◽  
Stall Angle ◽  
And Control

Within the framework of the Clean Sky-JTI (Joint Technology Initiative) project, the design and technological demonstration of a novel wing flap architecture were addressed. Research activities were carried out to substantiate the feasibility of morphing concepts enabling flap camber variation in compliance with the demanding safety requirements applicable to the next generation green regional aircraft. The driving motivation for the investigation on such a technology was found in the opportunity to replace a conventional double slotted flap with a single slotted camber-morphing flap assuring similar high lift performances—in terms of maximum attainable lift coefficient and stall angle—while lowering emitted noise and system complexity. The actuation and control logics aimed at preserving prescribed geometries of the device under variable load conditions are numerically and experimentally investigated with reference to an ‘iron-bird’ demonstrator. The actuation concept is based on load-bearing actuators acting on morphing ribs, directly and individually. The adopted un-shafted distributed electromechanical system arrangement uses brushless actuators, each rated for the torque of a single adaptive rib of the morphing structure. An encoder-based distributed sensor system generates the information for appropriate control-loop and, at the same time, monitors possible failures in the actuation mechanism. Further activities were then discussed in order to increase the TRL (Technology Readiness Level) of the validated architecture.

scholarly journals Aerodynamic aspects in the development of morphing winglet for a regional aircraft

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Bending Moment ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Technology Readiness ◽  
Proper Selection ◽  
Technology Readiness Level ◽  
Actuation System ◽  
Readiness Level ◽  
Stall Angle ◽  
Wing Deformation ◽  
Selection Of

An aerodynamic analysis is conducted for morphing winglets on a regional aircraft. The optimum drag, bending moment, stall angle and maximum lift coeffcient are evaluated for various mission segments by varying winglet design parameters. Aero-elastic studies are conducted in order to incorporate wing deformation effects in addition to exploring maneuver load alleviation capability of the morphing winglet. The results show drag benefit up to 1% in cruise and wing bending moment and winglet bending moment benefits of 2.4% and 63% at 2.5g symmetric maneuver conditions. The total aircraft drag benefit translates to additional allowable structural weight that can be applied to the design of winglet actuation system. The morphing winglet shows superior stall behavior and attenuates high wing loads. The estimated wing-winglet loads will help in proper selection of actuators. This study is also expected to help in elevating technology readiness level of the morphing winglet technology.

scholarly journals Aerodynamic aspects in the development of morphing winglet for a regional aircraft

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Bending Moment ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Technology Readiness ◽  
Proper Selection ◽  
Technology Readiness Level ◽  
Actuation System ◽  
Readiness Level ◽  
Stall Angle ◽  
Wing Deformation ◽  
Selection Of

An aerodynamic analysis is conducted for morphing winglets on a regional aircraft. The optimum drag, bending moment, stall angle and maximum lift coeffcient are evaluated for various mission segments by varying winglet design parameters. Aero-elastic studies are conducted in order to incorporate wing deformation effects in addition to exploring maneuver load alleviation capability of the morphing winglet. The results show drag benefit up to 1% in cruise and wing bending moment and winglet bending moment benefits of 2.4% and 63% at 2.5g symmetric maneuver conditions. The total aircraft drag benefit translates to additional allowable structural weight that can be applied to the design of winglet actuation system. The morphing winglet shows superior stall behavior and attenuates high wing loads. The estimated wing-winglet loads will help in proper selection of actuators. This study is also expected to help in elevating technology readiness level of the morphing winglet technology.

Multi-Modal Morphing Wing Flaps for Next Generation Green Regional Aircraft: The CleanSky Challenge

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Pecora
Keyword(s):  
Shape Control ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Lift Coefficient ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Open Rotor ◽  
Stall Angle

Regional aviation is an innovation driven sector of paramount importance for the European Union economy. Large resources and efforts are currently spent through the CleanSky program for the development of an efficient air transport system characterized by a lower environmental impact and unequalled capabilities of ensuring safe and seamless mobility while complying with very demanding technological requirements. The Green Regional Aircraft (GRA) panel, active from 2006, aims to mature, validate and demonstrate green aeronautical technologies best fitting the regional aircraft that will fly from 2020 onwards with reference to specific and challenging domains: from advanced low-weight and high performance structures up to all-electric systems and bleed-less engine architectures, from low noise/high efficiency aerodynamic up to environmentally optimized missions and trajectories management. The development of such technologies addresses two different aircraft concepts, identified by two seat classes, 90-pax with Turboprop (TP) engine and 130-pax, in combination with advanced propulsion solutions, namely, the Geared Turbofan (GTF), the Advanced Turbofan (ATF) and the Open Rotor (OR) configuration. Within the framework of the Clean Sky program, and along nearly 10 years of research, the design and technological demonstration of a novel wing flap architecture was addressed. Research activities aimed at demonstrating the industrial feasibility of a morphing architecture enabling flap camber variation in compliance with the demanding safety requirements applicable to the next generation GRA in both open rotor and turboprop configurations. The driving motivation was found in the opportunity to replace a conventional double slotted flap with a single slotted morphing flap assuring improved high lift performances — in terms of maximum attainable lift coefficient and stall angle — while lowering emitted noise, fuel-burnt and deployment system complexity. Additional functionalities for load control and alleviation were then considered and enabled by a smart architecture allowing for an independent shape-control of the flap tip region during cruise. The entire process moving from concept definition up to the experimental qualification of true scale prototypes, characterized by global and multi-zone differential morphing capabilities, is here described with specific emphasis on the adopted design philosophy and implemented technological solutions. Paths to improvements are finally outlined in perspective of a low-term item certification and series production.

MONITORING AND CONTROL OF THE “ANIMAL” SUBSYSTEM IN THE COMPLEX BIOTECHNICAL SYSTEM “MAN-MACHINE-ANIMAL” OF A DAIRY FARM

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR V. KIRSANOV ◽  
◽  
DMITRIY YU. PAVKIN ◽  
FEDOR E. FEDOR E. VLADIMIROV ◽  
EVGENIY А. NIKITIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Mutual Adaptation ◽  
Biotechnical System ◽  
Complex Project ◽  
And Control

A modern dairy farm is a complex biotechnical “man-machine-animal” system, where purposeful human activity concentrates mainly on the control of the “machine” and “animal” subsystems, thus making the whole system ergatic. Increasing the interaction effi ciency of machine subsystems with biological objects (animals) requires an in-depth study of the properties and characteristics of the latter, their behavior, adaptive and refl ex mechanisms that ensure the mutual adaptation of machine and biological subsystems. The paper considers general functionality of the “animal” subsystem, which includes lists of monitored parameters (functions) in pre-weaning, pre-lactation and lactation periods. In a similar way, functionals of the subsystems of the general musculoskeletal development of the animal’s body, respiratory and digestive organs, comfort of the habitat, development and control of the reproductive organs of lactating cows were obtained accompanied with a list of controlled functions and parameters. To carry out a set of research activities in this fi eld, FSAC VIM is planning to carry out a complex project that will increase the levels of automation, digitalization and intellectualization of animal husbandry, provide for comfortable environment, optimal rediced-impact service modes for animals and their extended productive longevity, increased quality of milk and autonomous functioning of individual local biotechnical subsystems.

scholarly journals Analysis and Design of a Leading Edge with Morphing Capabilities for the Wing of a Regional Aircraft—Gapless Chord- and Camber-Increase for High-Lift Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2752
Author(s):  
Conchin Contell Asins ◽  
Volker Landersheim ◽  
Dominik Laveuve ◽  
Seiji Adachi ◽  
Michael May ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leading Edge ◽  
Bird Strike ◽  
High Lift ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Actuation System ◽  
Aerodynamic Properties ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Stall Angle ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Electromechanical Actuation

In order to contribute to achieving noise and emission reduction goals, Fraunhofer and Airbus deal with the development of a morphing leading edge (MLE) as a high lift device for aircraft. Within the European research program “Clean Sky 2”, a morphing leading edge with gapless chord- and camber-increase for high-lift performance was developed. The MLE is able to morph into two different aerofoils—one for cruise and one for take-off/landing, the latter increasing lift and stall angle over the former. The shape flexibility is realised by a carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) skin optimised for bending and a sliding contact at the bottom. The material is selected in terms of type, thickness, and lay-up including ply-wise fibre orientation based on numerical simulation and material tests. The MLE is driven by an internal electromechanical actuation system. Load introduction into the skin is realised by span-wise stringers, which require specific stiffness and thermal expansion properties for this task. To avoid the penetration of a bird into the front spar of the wing in case of bird strike, a bird strike protection structure is proposed and analysed. In this paper, the designed MLE including aerodynamic properties, composite skin structure, actuation system, and bird strike behaviour is described and analysed.

A Mathematical Model Including Mechanical Structure, Hydraulic and Control of LHDS

Robotica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Guoliang Ma ◽  
Kaixian Ba ◽  
Zhiwu Han ◽  
Zhengguo Jin ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Mechanical Structure ◽  
Load Characteristics ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
And Control

SUMMARY In this paper, mathematical models of kinematics, statics and inverse dynamics are derived firstly according to the mechanical structure of leg hydraulic drive system (LHDS). Then, all the above models are integrated with MATLAB/Simulink to build the LHDS simulation model, the model not only considers influence of leg dynamic characteristics on hydraulic system but also takes into account nonlinearity, variable load characteristics and other common problems brought by hydraulic system, and solves compatibility and operation time which brought by using multiple software simultaneously. The experimental results show the simulation model built in this paper can accurately express characteristics of the system.

MYMOSA: Towards the Simulation of Realistic Motorcycle Manoeuvres by Coupling Multibody and Control Techniques

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Moreno Giner ◽  
Claudio Brenna ◽  
Ioannis Symeonidis ◽  
Gueven Kavadarlic
Keyword(s):  
Rear Wheel ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Engine Torque ◽  
Multibody Model ◽  
Physiological Limits ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
First Results ◽  
And Control

Multibody dynamics simulation technology can provide a great help to understand and analyze motorcycle dynamics. In fact, its application in this field has grown very fast in the last years. However, apart from the mathematical model of the vehicle, a virtual rider is essential in order to properly simulate a motorcycle. This is due to the unstable nature of two-wheeled vehicles, which makes them very difficult to simulate by using open-loop maneuvers. The problem of developing a virtual rider for motorcycles has already been covered in literature but most of the proposed control algorithms achieved their purpose without considering the physiological limits of the rider. The objective of the research activities presented here are the preliminary development of a realistic virtual rider based on an experimental campaign and its subsequent simulation together with a detailed multibody model of a motorcycle. Special emphasis was put on making the rider model as simple as possible to facilitate the posterior design of the controller. Real rider movements were measured under laboratory conditions by means of the Motion Analysis technique. Several volunteers with different riding experiences, gender and anthropometry were involved in the experiments in order to provide a valid dataset for the analysis. For the present research, the virtual rider controls the direction of the motorcycle by means of both a torque on the handlebars and the movement of his body. The upper part of the rider’s body was modeled as an inverted pendulum. With regard to the longitudinal dynamics, the motorcycle is controlled by means of the brake torques and by the engine torque, which is transmitted to the rear wheel by means of a simplified model of the chain. First results of the developed virtual rider are presented at the end of this paper.

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