scholarly journals Presentation, Modeling and Experiments of an Electrostatic Actuator Based Catom for Programmable Matter

Actuators ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Romain Catry ◽  
Abdenbi Mohand-Ousaid ◽  
Micky Rakotondrabe ◽  
Philippe Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Electrostatic Actuation ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Electrostatic Actuator ◽  
Programmable Matter ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Modeling And Experiments ◽  
The Way ◽  
Reconfigurable Robotics

Nowadays, the concept of programmable matter paves the way for promising applications such as reshaping an object to test different configurations, modeling or rapid prototyping. Based on elementary modules, such matter can be arranged and disassembled easily according to the needs of the designers. Several solutions have been proposed to implement this concept. Most of them are based on modular self-reconfigurable robotics (SMR) that can work together and move relatively to one another in order to change their configuration. Achieving such behavior requires to solve some technological challenges in particular module’s geometry and actuation. In this paper, we build and develop a proof of concept for a catom based on electrostatic actuation. The modeling and analysis of the actuator functioning as catom is given after a comparison of various possible actuation. Simulations as well as experiments validations are afterwards carried out to confirm and demonstrate the efficiency of electrostatic actuation to achieve latching capabilities of the proposed catom.

FSS-based triplate antenna design concept for wireless devices

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ashwini Kotrashetti ◽  
B. K Lande ◽  
Ajay Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Multiple Frequency ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Multiband Antennas ◽  
Mode Behavior ◽  
Radiating Element

Abstract Conventional multiband antennas suffer from strong interactions among different operating frequencies, complex configurations, low bandwidth, and reduced efficiencies. A design concept for a multibeam multiband antenna in wireless devices is proposed in this paper. The design concept provides a promising approach to augment transmission and reception. The principle of design involves a primary radiating element embedded in a triplate conformation which excites a passive array of multiple frequency secondary radiators, forming a frequency selective structure in triplate (FSST). The higher order mode behavior of the parent antenna characterizes the design of FSST placed in its nearfield. The mathematical modeling and analysis of the design methodology is also presented. As proof of concept, the proposed design methodology is validated with simulations and experiments at four unlicensed communication bands and the results are compared.

scholarly journals Using neural networks to mine text and predict metabolic traits for thousands of microbes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Hackmann
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Metabolic Traits ◽  
Access Information ◽  
Written Descriptions ◽  
Extract Information ◽  
The Way

AbstractMicrobes can metabolize more chemical compounds than any other group of organisms. As a result, their metabolism is of interest to investigators across biology. Despite the interest, information on metabolism of specific microbes is hard to access. Information is buried in text of books and journals, and investigators have no easy way to extract it out. Here we investigate if neural networks can extract out this information and predict metabolic traits. For proof of concept, we predicted two traits: whether microbes carry one type of metabolism (fermentation) or produce one metabolite (acetate). We collected written descriptions of 7,021 species of bacteria and archaea from Bergey’s Manual. We read the descriptions and manually identified (labeled) which species were fermentative or produced acetate. We then trained neural networks to predict these labels. In total, we identified 2,364 species as fermentative, and 1,009 species as also producing acetate. Neural networks could predict which species were fermentative with 97.3% accuracy. Accuracy was even higher (98.6%) when predicting species also producing acetate. We used these predictions to draw phylogenetic trees of species with these traits. The resulting trees were close to the actual trees (drawn using labels). Previous counts of fermentative species are 4-fold lower than our own. For acetate-producing species, they are 100-fold lower. This undercounting confirms past difficulty in extracting metabolic traits from text. Our approach with neural networks can extract information efficiently and accurately. It paves the way for putting more metabolic traits into databases, providing easy access of information by investigators.

scholarly journals Relief for Weary Bones

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (06) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Harry Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Smithsonian Institution ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Computer Animations ◽  
Optical Scanner ◽  
Fossil Bones ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Way

Research using engineering tools is making new options possible in the study and preservation of ancient finds. According to the manager of Dinosaur Hall at the Smithsonian Institution, the plan is to keep the original fossil bones off the floor, in a collection available for study by scholars, and to replace the skeleton with a replica created by methods that will include 3D modeling and rapid prototyping. Computer animations will help recreate the way the animal stood. The optical scanner analyzes an object in a series of small areas, or patches, which must be assembled to create the overall picture. In order to set up the later alignment of the scans, an engineer mapped a digital outline of the Triceratops. Restorers are expected to use the conserved Triceratops bones as patterns for molds, but when parts are missing or mismatched, mirror images will fill in. Paleobiologists will also use the scale model, along with Virtual Surfaces' animations, to study possible reconstructions of the dinosaur's stance.

scholarly journals Spatial Meta-transcriptomes of human and murine intestines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Lyu ◽  
Ru Feng ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Xiaofei Yu ◽  
GuoQiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Analysis ◽  
Transcriptomic Analysis ◽  
Microbial Abundance ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Analysis Pipeline ◽  
Experimental Optimization ◽  
Transcriptomic Data ◽  
Microbial Distribution ◽  
The Way

We developed an analysis pipeline that can extract microbial sequences from Spatial Transcriptomic data and assign taxonomic labels to them, generating a spatial microbial abundance matrix in addition to the default host expression one, enabling simultaneous analysis of host expression and microbial distribution. We applied it on both human and murine intestinal datasets and validated the spatial microbial abundance information with alternative assays. Finally, we present a few biological insights that can be gained from this novel data. In summary, this proof of concept work demonstrated the feasibility of Spatial Meta-transcriptomic analysis, and pave the way for future experimental optimization.

scholarly journals Incrementality and the Dynamics of Routines in Dialogue

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-197
Author(s):  
Andrew Gargett
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Dual Processing ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
The Core ◽  
Incremental Model ◽  
Dual Processing Model ◽  
Dynamic Syntax ◽  
The Way

We propose a novel dual processing model of linguistic routinisation, specifically formulaic ex- pressions (from relatively fixed idioms, all the way through to looser collocational phenomena). This model is formalised using the Dynamic Syntax (DS) formal account of language processing, whereby we make a specific extension to the core DS lexical architecture to capture the dynamics of linguistic routinisation. This extension is inspired by work within cognitive science more broadly. DS has a range of attractive modelling features, such as full incrementality, as well as recent ac- counts of using resources of the core grammar for modelling a range of dialogue phenomena, all of which we deploy in our account. This leads to not only a fully incremental model of formulaic lan- guage, but further, this straightforwardly extends to routinised dialogue phenomena. We consider this approach to be a proof of concept of how interdisciplinary work within cognitive science holds out the promise of meeting challenges faced by modellers of dialogue and discourse.

Proof of concept

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Tidman
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
Epidural Morphine ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Substantia Gelatinosa ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Small Case Series ◽  
The Way

The landmark paper discussed in this chapter is ‘Epidural morphine in treatment of pain’, published by Behar et al. in 1979. A small case series in the seventies first highlighted the use of epidural morphine for pain. It consists of only ten patients who were all administered 2 mg of morphine epidurally. Patients suffering from both acute and chronic pain had a significant reduction in the level of pain within 2–3 minutes, and this lasted 6–24 hours. The authors went on to postulate that morphine produced its effect by a direct action on the specific opioid receptors in the substantia gelatinosa. Although morphine is rarely used epidurally, this paper paved the way for the use of epidural opioids in many different pain conditions.

Design of a live biochip for in situ nanotoxicology studies: a proof of concept

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (100) ◽  
pp. 82169-82178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schaack Béatrice ◽  
Liu Wei ◽  
Thiéry Alain ◽  
Auger Aurélien ◽  
Hochepied Jean-François ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Eukaryotic Cell ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
The Way

This paper highlights the way in which eukaryotic cell and bacteria based biochips are relevant for nanotoxicological risk assessment.

Physical Scaffolding Accelerates the Evolution of Robot Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-373
Author(s):  
David Buckingham ◽  
Josh Bongard
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Robotics ◽  
Physical Reality ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Embodied Agents ◽  
Good Balance ◽  
Data Flows ◽  
Robot Behavior ◽  
Computational Budget ◽  
The Way

In some evolutionary robotics experiments, evolved robots are transferred from simulation to reality, while sensor/motor data flows back from reality to improve the next transferral. We envision a generalization of this approach: a simulation-to-reality pipeline. In this pipeline, increasingly embodied agents flow up through a sequence of increasingly physically realistic simulators, while data flows back down to improve the next transferral between neighboring simulators; physical reality is the last link in this chain. As a first proof of concept, we introduce a two-link chain: A fast yet low-fidelity ( lo-fi) simulator hosts minimally embodied agents, which gradually evolve controllers and morphologies to colonize a slow yet high-fidelity ( hi-fi) simulator. The agents are thus physically scaffolded. We show here that, given the same computational budget, these physically scaffolded robots reach higher performance in the hi-fi simulator than do robots that only evolve in the hi-fi simulator, but only for a sufficiently difficult task. These results suggest that a simulation-to-reality pipeline may strike a good balance between accelerating evolution in simulation while anchoring the results in reality, free the investigator from having to prespecify the robot's morphology, and pave the way to scalable, automated, robot-generating systems.

Modeling and Analysis of Surgery Patient Identification Using RFID

2011 ◽  
pp. 945-957
Author(s):  
Byungho Jeong ◽  
Chen-Yang Cheng ◽  
Vittal Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Reliability Model ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Patient Identification ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Concept System ◽  
Surgery Patient ◽  
Frequency Identification

This article proposes a workflow and reliability model for surgery patient identification using RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). Certain types of mistakes may be prevented by automatically identifying the patient before surgery. The proposed workflow is designed to ensure that both the correct site and patient are engaged in the surgical process. The reliability model can be used to assess improvements in patients’ safety during this process. A proof-of-concept system is developed to understand the information flow and to use information in RFID-based patient identification. Reliability model indicates the occurrences of patient identification error can be reduced from 90 to as low as 0.89 per 10,000 surgeries using the proposed RFID based workflow.

scholarly journals Motor constraints influence cultural evolution of rhythm

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1937) ◽  
pp. 20202001
Author(s):  
Helena Miton ◽  
Thomas Wolf ◽  
Cordula Vesper ◽  
Günther Knoblich ◽  
Dan Sperber
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Learning Experiment ◽  
Cultural Productions ◽  
Transmission Chain ◽  
Iterated Learning ◽  
The Way

While widely acknowledged in the cultural evolution literature, ecological factors—aspects of the physical environment that affect the way in which cultural productions evolve—have not been investigated experimentally. Here, we present an experimental investigation of this type of factor by using a transmission chain (iterated learning) experiment. We predicted that differences in the distance between identical tools (drums) and in the order in which they are to be used would cause the evolution of different rhythms. The evidence confirms our predictions and thus provides a proof of concept that ecological factors—here a motor constraint—can influence cultural productions and that their effects can be experimentally isolated and measured. One noteworthy finding is that ecological factors can on their own lead to more complex rhythms.

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