scholarly journals Development of Haptic Stylus for Manipulating Virtual Objects in Mobile Devices

Actuators ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Dong-Soo Choi ◽  
In-Ho Yun ◽  
Tae-Hoon Kim ◽  
SangKyu Byeon ◽  
Sang-Youn Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Haptic Feedback ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Resistive Force ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Mr Fluids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kinesthetic Information

In mobile devices, the screen size limits conveyance of immersive experiences; haptic feedback coupled with visual feedback is expected to have a better effect to maximize the level of immersion. Therefore, this paper presents a miniature tunable haptic stylus based on magnetorheological (MR) fluids to provide kinesthetic information to users. The designed stylus has a force generation, force transmission, and housing part; moreover, in the stylus, all three operating modes of MR fluids contribute to the haptic actuation to produce a wide range of resistive force generated by MR fluids in a limited size, thereby providing a variety of pressing sensations to users. A universal testing machine was constructed to evaluate haptic performance of the proposed haptic stylus, whose resistive force was measured with the constructed setup as a function of pressed depth and input current, and by varying the pressed depth and pressing speed. Under maximum input voltage, the stylus generates a wide range of resistive force from 2.33 N to 27.47 N, whereas under maximum pressed depth it varied from 1.08 N to 27.47 N with a corresponding change in voltage input from 0 V to 3.3 V. Therefore, the proposed haptic stylus can create varied haptic sensations.

Experimental Investigation on Magnetorheological Damper’s Characterization

2015 ◽  
Vol 1115 ◽  
pp. 476-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Meftahul Ferdaus ◽  
Muhammad Mahbubur Rashid ◽  
Mst. Nafisa Tamanna Shanta ◽  
Muhammad Hasibul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Mr Damper ◽  
Stroke Rate ◽  
Brief Experimental Analysis ◽  
Stroke Length ◽  
Active Devices ◽  
Mr Fluids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Day By Day

Magnetorheological (MR) damper is one of the most advanced application of semi active devices. Its use is increasing day by day due to its huge advantages and wide range of application. The force delivered by MR damper can be varied by changing the viscosity of its internal MR fluids. Till now no details experimental analysis has been accomplished by considering various parameters. In this paper a brief experimental analysis has been investigated with the help of Universal Testing Machine to characterize MR damper. To characterize accurately MR damper has been analyzed experimentally for different stroke length, stroke rate, stroke mode. From the experimental results it is seen that the force delivered by MR damper has a proportional relation with input excitation current, stroke length and stroke rate.

Application of magnetorheological fluids for a miniature haptic button: Experimental evaluation

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1025-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Heon Yang ◽  
Jeong-Hoi Koo ◽  
Sang-Youn Kim ◽  
Ki-Uk Kyung ◽  
Dong-Soo Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Magnetorheological Fluids ◽  
Maximum Force ◽  
Test Setup ◽  
Resistive Force ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Human Operators ◽  
Kinesthetic Information ◽  
Minimum Force

This study investigates a miniature haptic button actuated by magnetorheological fluids with the aim of conveying kinesthetic information or realistic button sensations to users for small electronic devices. To this end, a prototype haptic button that creates varying kinesthetic sensations was designed and constructed. The design focus was to maximize the resistive force generated by magnetorheological fluids in a given size by using multiple operating modes of the fluids. In order to evaluate the performance of the prototype, a test setup consisting of a microstage and a precision load cell was constructed. Using the setup, the resistive force of the prototype button was measured by changing the indented depth and the input current. The results show that the force rate (defined as the ratio of the difference between the maximum force and the minimum force to the maximum force) is over 72% for all indented depths (up to 1.5 mm). This change is sufficient to create various button sensations, indicating that the proposed haptic button can offer a range of resistive force change that can be conveyed to human operators.

Parametric Study of Damping Characteristics of Magneto-Rheological Damper: Mathematical and Experimental Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Zubair Rashid Wani ◽  
Manzoor Ahmad Tantray
Keyword(s):  
Structural Control ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Damping Coefficient ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Active Devices ◽  
Active Structural Control ◽  
Magneto Rheological

The present research work is a part of a project was a semi-active structural control technique using magneto-rheological damper has to be performed. Magneto-rheological dampers are an innovative class of semi-active devices that mesh well with the demands and constraints of seismic applications; this includes having very low power requirements and adaptability. A small stroke magneto-rheological damper was mathematically simulated and experimentally tested. The damper was subjected to periodic excitations of different amplitudes and frequencies at varying voltage. The damper was mathematically modeled using parametric Modified Bouc-Wen model of magneto-rheological damper in MATLAB/SIMULINK and the parameters of the model were set as per the prototype available. The variation of mechanical properties of magneto-rheological damper like damping coefficient and damping force with a change in amplitude, frequency and voltage were experimentally verified on INSTRON 8800 testing machine. It was observed that damping force produced by the damper depended on the frequency as well, in addition to the input voltage and amplitude of the excitation. While the damping coefficient (c) is independent of the frequency of excitation it varies with the amplitude of excitation and input voltage. The variation of the damping coefficient with amplitude and input voltage is linear and quadratic respectively. More ever the mathematical model simulated in MATLAB was in agreement with the experimental results obtained.

scholarly journals Identification of DC Thermal Steady-State Differential Inductance of Ferrite Power Inductors

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3854
Author(s):  
Salvatore Musumeci ◽  
Luigi Solimene ◽  
Carlo Stefano Ragusa
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Switching Frequency ◽  
Ohmic Losses ◽  
Steady State Temperature ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Average Current ◽  
Power Inductors ◽  
Saturable Inductor ◽  
Thermal Steady State

In this paper, we propose a method for the identification of the differential inductance of saturable ferrite inductors adopted in DC–DC converters, considering the influence of the operating temperature. The inductor temperature rise is caused mainly by its losses, neglecting the heating contribution by the other components forming the converter layout. When the ohmic losses caused by the average current represent the principal portion of the inductor power losses, the steady-state temperature of the component can be related to the average current value. Under this assumption, usual for saturable inductors in DC–DC converters, the presented experimental setup and characterization method allow identifying a DC thermal steady-state differential inductance profile of a ferrite inductor. The curve is obtained from experimental measurements of the inductor voltage and current waveforms, at different average current values, that lead the component to operate from the linear region of the magnetization curve up to the saturation. The obtained inductance profile can be adopted to simulate the current waveform of a saturable inductor in a DC–DC converter, providing accurate results under a wide range of switching frequency, input voltage, duty cycle, and output current values.

scholarly journals Octane Index Applicability over the Pressure-Temperature Domain

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Tommy R. Powell ◽  
James P. Szybist ◽  
Flavio Dal Forno Chuahy ◽  
Scott J. Curran ◽  
John Mengwasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Thermodynamic Conditions ◽  
Si Engines

Modern boosted spark-ignition (SI) engines and emerging advanced compression ignition (ACI) engines operate under conditions that deviate substantially from the conditions of conventional autoignition metrics, namely the research and motor octane numbers (RON and MON). The octane index (OI) is an emerging autoignition metric based on RON and MON which was developed to better describe fuel knock resistance over a broader range of engine conditions. Prior research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) identified that OI performs reasonably well under stoichiometric boosted conditions, but inconsistencies exist in the ability of OI to predict autoignition behavior under ACI strategies. Instead, the autoignition behavior under ACI operation was found to correlate more closely to fuel composition, suggesting fuel chemistry differences that are insensitive to the conditions of the RON and MON tests may become the dominant factor under these high efficiency operating conditions. This investigation builds on earlier work to study autoignition behavior over six pressure-temperature (PT) trajectories that correspond to a wide range of operating conditions, including boosted SI operation, partial fuel stratification (PFS), and spark-assisted compression ignition (SACI). A total of 12 different fuels were investigated, including the Co-Optima core fuels and five fuels that represent refinery-relevant blending streams. It was found that, for the ACI operating modes investigated here, the low temperature reactions dominate reactivity, similar to boosted SI operating conditions because their PT trajectories lay close to the RON trajectory. Additionally, the OI metric was found to adequately predict autoignition resistance over the PT domain, for the ACI conditions investigated here, and for fuels from different chemical families. This finding is in contrast with the prior study using a different type of ACI operation with different thermodynamic conditions, specifically a significantly higher temperature at the start of compression, illustrating that fuel response depends highly on the ACI strategy being used.

scholarly journals Investigation of a Haptic Actuator Made with Magneto-Rheological Fluids for Haptic Shoes Applications

Actuators ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Yong Hae Heo ◽  
Sangkyu Byeon ◽  
Tae-Hoon Kim ◽  
In-Ho Yun ◽  
Jin Ryong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Input Current ◽  
Solenoid Coil ◽  
Resistive Force ◽  
Mr Fluids ◽  
Multiple Operation ◽  
Magneto Rheological

This paper presents a magneto-rheological (MR) actuator that can be easily inserted into haptic shoes and can haptically simulate the material properties of the ground. To increase the resistive force of the proposed actuator, we designed a movable piston having multiple operation modes of MR fluids. Further, the design of a solenoid coil was optimized to maximize the resistive force in a limited-sized MR actuator. Simulations were conducted to predict the actuation performance and to show that the magnetic flux flows well by forming a closed loop in the proposed actuator. The quantitative evaluation of the proposed actuator was investigated by measuring the resistive force as a function of the input current and its pressed depth. From the result, we found that the proposed actuator can create over 600 N by adjusting the input current.

Virtual Tissue Cutting With Haptic Feedback Using a Hybrid Actuator With DC Servomotor and Magnetorheological Brake

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Berk Gonenc ◽  
Hakan Gurocak
Keyword(s):  
Haptic Feedback ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Virtual Training ◽  
Tissue Properties ◽  
Tissue Cutting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Force Profile ◽  
Rat Tissue ◽  
Dc Servomotor ◽  
Hybrid Actuator

Surgical training is an important and recent application where haptic interfaces are used to enhance the realism of virtual training simulators. Tissue cutting with surgical scissors is a common interaction mode in the simulations. The haptic interface needs to render a wide range of tissue properties and resistance forces accurately. In this research, we developed a hybrid haptic device made of a DC servomotor and a magnetorheological (MR) brake. The motor can provide fast dynamic response and compensate for inertia and friction effects of the device. But alone, it cannot supply high force levels and the sensation of stiff interaction with hard tissues such as tendons. On the other hand, the MR-brake can provide very stiff interaction forces yet cannot reflect fast dynamics that are encountered as the virtual scissors go through the tissue. The hybrid actuator developed in this work combines the two based on a control scheme that decomposes the actuator command signal into two branches considering each actuator's capabilities. It is implemented on a compact single degree-of-freedom (DOF) interface to simulate virtual tissue cutting with three different scissor types (Mayo, Metzenbaum, Iris) and four types of rat tissue (liver, muscle, skin, tendon). Results have shown close tracking of the desired force profile in all cases. Compared to just using a DC motor, the hybrid actuator provided a wider range of forces (up to 18 N) with fast response to render quick force variations without any instability for all simulated tissue and scissor types.

scholarly journals Lutetium oxide analysis by direct arc atomic emission spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-83
Author(s):  
E. S. Koshel ◽  
◽  
A. A. Arkhipenko ◽  
V. B. Baranovskaya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Impurity Composition ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Lutetium Oxide ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sample Dissolution ◽  
Dc Arc

The requirements for the composition of initial oxides for the lutetium orthosilicate crystals are quite stringent: the content of the basic substance Lu2O3 is 99.999 wt%. Critical are coloring impurities: Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, Cu, V, Mn, the content of each should be no more than 0.0005 - 0.0010 wt%, Pr, Nd, Sm, Er, Tb, Yb no more than 0.0005 wt% for each one. It is also necessary to control the content of Al, As, Bi, Cd, Mg, Mo, Pb, Sb, Si, Sn, Ti, Zn, Y, La, Ce, Sc, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Tm. To determine the impurity composition of lutetium oxide, one of the promising methods of analysis is direct arc atomic emission spectroscopy (DC Arc). The advantages of this method are the determination of the chemical composition without sample dissolution, a wide range of concentrations (10-6 - 10-1% wt%), a large number of determined elements. To realize the potential analytical capabilities of the method, the experimental conditions were studied: the interelectrode distance, the shape and size of graphite electrodes, the ratio of Lu2O3 to the spectral buffer, the type of carriers and operating modes of the generator. For most elements, the limits of determination are n ∙ 10-6 - n ∙ 10-4 wt%, that is significantly lower than in the current methods of DC Arc. The trueness of results is controlled by ICP-MS. The complex application of new approaches and modern capabilities of spectral equipment made it possible to develop a method with improved metrological characteristics.

scholarly journals A Modified High Voltage Gain SEPIC Based DC-DC Converter with Continuous Conduction Mode

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 268-274
Author(s):  
G.Vijaykumar and Dr.V.Geetha
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Voltage Gain ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
High Voltage Gain ◽  
Voltage Stress ◽  
High Output Voltage ◽  
High Output

A high voltage gain modified SEPIC converter is proposed in this paper. This proposed converter has many advantages i.e., high output voltage, lower voltage stress, high efficiency, voltage gain is high without any coupled inductor and transformer, continuous input current. Thus, there is no overshoot voltage at turn-off process for switches. By using single switches, the CCM mode operation can be easily controlled by this converter, so control system is simple and also wide output values is obtained only by modifying the duty cycle. This modified converter has lower components than conventional converter. The operating modes and design of modified converter are discussed. The output power of this converter is 6 watts. By this converter, this converter capable of developing the two and half times of input voltage. The PV system also used this converter to develop high voltage gain. This high voltage gain is achieved by using MATLAB/SIMULIMK platform.

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