U.S.A. Attitude From Nuclear program of Iran 2002-2010

Sanctions are penalties or limited program against some societies, countries or nations. Sanction usually consists of a ban on the sale and shipment of products to a country and on the purchase of its exports. Some countries have done it in various types against Iran since 1979. Recently due to nuclear program of Iran, the number of sanctions have raised dramatically. However, Iran can definitely manage and overcome them with appropriate policies and decisions. In this paper we evaluate some chosen solutions of Iran in front of economic sanctions (ES) using a multi attributes decision model named analytic hierarchy process method in three clusters as the local ,regional and global scopes. The results showed the efficiency of this decision making model in these sanctions. The results also indicate the best strategies to reduce and acting proactively against economic sanctions.

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A critical discourse analysis on newspapers: The case study of nuclear program of Iran

International Journal of Research Studies in Education ◽

10.5861/ijrse.2015.1141 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zohre Sivandi ◽

Hamid Reza Dowlatabadi

Keyword(s):

Discourse Analysis ◽

Critical Discourse Analysis ◽

Critical Discourse ◽

Nuclear Program ◽

Nuclear Program Of Iran

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Leadership Role of Hassan Rouhani and Nuclear Deal of Iran

Global International Relations Review ◽

10.31703/girr.2018(i-i).05 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol I (I) ◽

pp. 43-50

Author(s):

Noor Fatima ◽

Sajida Begum

Keyword(s):

Security Council ◽

Balance Of Power ◽

Leadership Role ◽

National Interests ◽

Nuclear Program ◽

Un Security Council ◽

New Ideas ◽

Foreign Ministry ◽

Nuclear Program Of Iran

Hassan Rouhani had been serving as secretary to Supreme National Security Council for 16 years. Hassan Rouhani was the person who was tasked to lead the team of technically, politically and legally expert's negotiators on nuclear program of Iran to start talks with the western powers to decreased the tension between IAEA body and foreign ministry of Iran on reports published by the IAEA and adoption of the UN Security Council resolution condemning Iran. Iran's nuclear program was started in the era of the reign of Raza Shah Pahlavi before the Islamic Revolution. It was not only another country providing nuclear technology but also America. Iran's foreign policy will not be affected by the slogans, but we will safely defend our national interests. Hassan Rouhani After elected as President in 2013, promised that he would work to bring relief in economic sanctions on the country due to which the economy was destroyed and life was difficult for the Iranian people. Iran's hardliner leaders had been opposing the any deal and talks on the matter of nuclear program. On the other end reformist groups in the Iran always favored the new ideas and negotiations on nuclear program and when the balance of power turned in favor of President Rouhani when won the elections in 2013 and he gave the green signal to the negotiators.

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Governing Proliferation Finance

The Oxford Handbook of Institutions of International Economic Governance and Market Regulation ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190900571.013.20 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Grégoire Mallard

Keyword(s):

United Nations ◽

Financial Institutions ◽

Security Council ◽

United Nations Security Council ◽

Nuclear Nonproliferation ◽

Global Regulation ◽

Nuclear Program ◽

Global System ◽

Financial Transactions

As the critical sanctions against Iran’s nuclear program demonstrate, the implementation of sanctions against nuclear proliferators has led to the creation of a global system of surveillance of the financial dealings of all states, banks, and individuals, fostered by United Nations Security Council resolutions—a new and unprecedented development. This chapter asks: Which actors have been in charge of designing and implementing sanctions against nuclear proliferators? Which legal technologies have they developed to regulate global financial transactions? Answering these questions generates a better understanding of key processes in global governance: the increasing role of the Security Council as a global legislator; the “financialization” of global regulation, with the increasing role played by international and US domestic financial institutions that were historically foreign to the field of nuclear nonproliferation; and the judicialization of the enforcement of sanctions, which is accompanied by the multiplication of secondary sanctions against sanctions-evaders.

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‘It Is a Tradition in the Nuclear Industry . . . Secrecy’: Political Opportunity Structures and Nuclear Knowledge Production in France

Sociological Research Online ◽

10.1177/13607804211025052 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 136078042110250

Author(s):

Julie Schweitzer ◽

Tamara L Mix

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Production ◽

Nuclear Energy ◽

Nuclear Industry ◽

Political Opportunity ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Nuclear Program ◽

Opportunity Structures ◽

Shaping Process ◽

History Of ◽

Political Opportunity Structures

Employing the example of France’s civil nuclear program, we connect political opportunity structures (POSs) to mechanisms of knowledge production, identifying how opposing stakeholders generate knowledge about a controversial technology. A history of nuclear dependence in France creates a context that praises, normalizes, and rationalizes nuclear energy while stigmatizing attempts to question or contest the nuclear industry’s dominant position. Integrating Bond’s knowledge-shaping process with Coy and colleagues’ concept of oppositional knowledge, we consider how the broader social, political, and economic context influences opposing stakeholder assessments of nuclear energy. Employing qualitative semi-structured interviews, we offer unique insight into the French nuclear debate, discussing the role of POS in shaping knowledge production.

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The Brazilian nuclear program in a foreign policy context

Comparative Strategy ◽

10.1080/01495937808402565 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 1 (1-2) ◽

pp. 53-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

William Perry ◽

Sheila Kern

Keyword(s):

Foreign Policy ◽

Nuclear Program ◽

Policy Context

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un Security Council vs. Weapons of Mass Destruction

Nordic Journal of International Law ◽

10.1163/15718107-08502003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 85 (2) ◽

pp. 147-161

Author(s):

Hans Blix

Keyword(s):

Cold War ◽

Security Council ◽

International Institutions ◽

Great Powers ◽

Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽

Mass Destruction ◽

Nuclear Program ◽

Major Powers ◽

Un Security Council ◽

The Cold War

International institutions given the task to maintain collective security and to seek disarmament need to build on cooperation between major powers. The authors of the un Charter vested great powers in the Security Council but a consensus between the five permanent great powers was required for use of the powers. This inevitably paralyzed the Council during the Cold War. After the end of the Cold War, the permanent members have remained unable jointly to pursue disarmament, but they have succeeded in several remarkable cases to reach consensus, notably on measures to prevent the further spread of weapons of mass destruction. The quick action to eliminate chemical weapons in Syria was a win-win case led by us-Russian diplomacy, while the comprehensive deal settling the controversy over Iran’s nuclear program was a victory for patient diplomacy involving all permanent members and the eu. These actions show the potentials of the Council.

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