scholarly journals Evaluating the Use of Mindfulness and Yoga Training on Forensic Inpatients: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Spinelli ◽  
Etienne Paradis-Gagné ◽  
Megan Per ◽  
Matthew H. Fleischmann ◽  
Viktoriya Manova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Emotion Regulation ◽  
Large Effect Size ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Forensic inpatients (i. e., individuals found not responsible for a criminal offense on account of mental illness) represent an often marginalized and difficult-to-treat population. This has led to the need for research exploring the effectiveness of novel interventions. A Canadian forensic hospital has developed an 8-weeks mindfulness and yoga training program (MTP). This pilot study examined the potential effects of this program on patients' mindfulness, stress, and use of cognitive and emotion regulation strategies. A sample of 13 forensic inpatients (male = 92%) participating in the MTP program completed self-report measures assessing dispositional mindfulness, perceived stress, and use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies at baseline, post-intervention, and a 3-months follow-up. Repeated measure ANOVAs found a significant increase in the describe facet of mindfulness (p = 0.03) with a large effect size (ηp2 = 0.26) and a significant decrease in stress (p = 0.003) with a large effect size (ηp2 = 0.39). Pairwise comparisons revealed medium to large significant changes between baseline and post-intervention for both the describe facet (p = 0.03, Hedge's g = 0.55) and stress (p = 0.003, Hedge's g = 0.70). However, comparisons were insignificant between baseline and follow-up. No significant main effects were found on the use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies. This pilot study offers preliminary support for the use of the MTP as an adjunctive therapy in forensic inpatient treatment. Further investigation is needed into the long-term impacts of this training.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Strategy Training on Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies and Salivary Cortisol Levels in Endurance Runners: A Three-Month Follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Samadi ◽  
Behnam Maleki ◽  
Mohammad Sohbatiha
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Emotion Regulation ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Endurance Runners ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
And Control

Background: Exposure of the athlete to stressful situations in addition to physiological effects will cause the person to feel excited in response to those situations and these changes may have dangerous consequences. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the mindfulness-based intervention on cognitive-emotional regulation strategies and salivary cortisol levels in endurance runners with a three-month follow-up. Methods: The research method was experimental with a pretest-posttest follow up design with a control group. The study population consisted of all beginner endurance runners with age range 16-18 who were voluntarily invited to participate in this research. Twenty-four male beginner runners (mean aged 17.08 ± 0.64 years and athletic background 7.7 ± 1.6 month) were divided into two groups of Mindfulness-Based Intervention (MBI) and control. The intervention protocol of the experimental group consisted of six sessions of mindfulness training and daily homework assignments that were performed under the researcher's supervision and with the help of a qualified clinical psychologist. Salivary Cortisol Kit (SCK) with sensitivity 0.05 μg/dl was used to measure stress and the Gross and John Emotion Regulation Questionnaire was used to assess cognitive-emotional regulation strategies. Results: The results showed a significant difference in cortisol levels, suppression, and reappraisal, between the MBI and control groups in posttest and follow-up steps. The findings showed that salivary cortisol concentration in the MBI group was reduced from pretest (1.09 ± 0.16) to posttest (0.76 ± 0.15) and follow-up (0.72 ± 0.07). Also, the suppression component in the MBI group was reduced from pretest (21.40 ± 1.64) to posttest (15.10 ± 1) and follow-up (16 ± 1.15) and increased the reappraisal component from pretest (22.40 ± 1.17) to posttest (29.10 ± 2.37) and follow up (27.70 ± 2.21) (P value = 0.0001). Conclusions: The findings showed that MBI reduced salivary cortisol concentration and suppression component, while increased the reappraisal component of emotion regulation. The findings suggest that MBI can be used as a new promising method on cognitive emotion regulation strategies and salivary cortisol levels in endurance runners.

Exploring Particular Facets of Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Their Relationships With Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Adolescents

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Madjar ◽  
Nicole Segal ◽  
Gilad Eger ◽  
Gal Shoval
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Emotion Regulation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Abstract. Background: Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been found to be associated with poor emotion regulation. Aims: The goal of this study was to examine the association of multidimensional cognitive emotion regulation strategies with NSSI among adolescents and compare the different patterns of NSSI. Method: A sample of 594 high-school students (54.4% boys; mean age = 14.96 years), from five regional schools across Israel, were assessed for five facets of cognitive emotion regulation strategies (acceptance, refocus on planning, positive refocusing, putting into perspective, and positive reappraisal) and NSSI behaviors using validated scales. Participants were allocated into three groups: repetitive NSSI (more than six occasions of NSSI; 7.1%), occasional NSSI (at least one incident but less than six; 8.3%), and no NSSI (84.6%). Results: Analysis of covariance, controlling for gender and depression symptoms, revealed that students with NSSI reported higher levels of acceptance, but lower levels of refocus on planning and putting into perspective. Limitations: The study used a cross-sectional design, which was a limitation. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that particular cognitive emotion regulation strategies differ substantially in their relationship with NSSI. Adolescents who focus on planning and putting stressful situations into perspective may have increased resilience, whereas adolescents who are accepting of negative events that have happened may be more prone to maladaptive coping behaviors.

scholarly journals Prenatal maternal transdiagnostic, RDoC-informed predictors of newborn neurobehavior: Differences by sex

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mengyu (Miranda) Gao ◽  
Brendan Ostlund ◽  
Mindy A. Brown ◽  
Parisa R. Kaliush ◽  
Sarah Terrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Prenatal Stress ◽  
Economic Hardship ◽  
Affect Intensity ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Episodic Stress

Abstract We examined whether Research Domain Criteria (RDoC)-informed measures of prenatal stress predicted newborn neurobehavior and whether these effects differed by newborn sex. Multilevel, prenatal markers of prenatal stress were obtained from 162 pregnant women. Markers of the Negative Valence System included physiological functioning (respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA] and electrodermal [EDA] reactivity to a speech task, hair cortisol), self-reported stress (state anxiety, pregnancy-specific anxiety, daily stress, childhood trauma, economic hardship, and family resources), and interviewer-rated stress (episodic stress, chronic stress). Markers of the Arousal/Regulatory System included physiological functioning (baseline RSA, RSA, and EDA responses to infant cries) and self-reported affect intensity, urgency, emotion regulation strategies, and dispositional mindfulness. Newborns’ arousal and attention were assessed via the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Network Neurobehavioral Scale. Path analyses showed that high maternal episodic and daily stress, low economic hardship, few emotion regulation strategies, and high baseline RSA predicted female newborns’ low attention; maternal mindfulness predicted female newborns’ high arousal. As for male newborns, high episodic stress predicted low arousal, and high pregnancy-specific anxiety predicted high attention. Findings suggest that RDoC-informed markers of prenatal stress could aid detection of variance in newborn neurobehavioral outcomes within hours after birth. Implications for intergenerational transmission of risk for psychopathology are discussed.

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