scholarly journals Unmet Needs in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder—Can Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Fill the Gap? Promises and Ethical Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sierawska ◽  
Alexander Prehn-Kristensen ◽  
Vera Moliadze ◽  
Kerstin Krauel ◽  
Rafal Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

scholarly journals A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e0135371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Cosmo ◽  
Abrahão Fontes Baptista ◽  
Arão Nogueira de Araújo ◽  
Raphael Silva do Rosário ◽  
José Garcia Vivas Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

scholarly journals Scaffolding the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Brain Using Random Noise Stimulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itai Berger ◽  
Ornella Dakwar-Kawar ◽  
Ephraim S. Grossman ◽  
Mor Nahum ◽  
Roi Cohen Kadosh
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation

AbstractVarious methods have been attempted to effectively ameliorate psychiatric and neurological conditions in children and adults. One of the attractive ideas is to develop interventions to create a lasting, rather than only an immediate, effect. Neurostimulation has been shown to yield long-term effect when combined with cognitive training in healthy young adults. We examined whether such approach could benefit children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood. We used a randomized double-blind active-controlled crossover study of 19 unmedicated children (aged 7–12 years old) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, who received either transcranial direct current stimulation or random noise stimulation while completing five-day executive functions training, which includes working memory, cognitive flexibility, and inhibition tasks. Both stimulation protocols have previously shown potential for inducing lasting benefits in adults, while transcranial direct current stimulation was examined in multiple attention deficit hyperactivity disorder studies and has been highlighted as a promising method for treating neuropsychological deficits. For our primary outcome, transcranial random noise stimulation yielded a clinical improvement as indicated by the reduced attention deficit hyperactivity disorder rating scale score from baseline, and in comparison to the changes observed in transcranial direct current stimulation. Moreover, the effect of brain stimulation one week after completion of treatment yielded further improvement, suggesting a neuroplasticity-related effect. Finally, transcranial random noise stimulation improved working memory compared to transcranial direct current stimulation, and a larger transcranial random noise stimulation effect on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder rating scale was predicted for those patients who showed the greatest improvement in working memory. Our results provide a promising direction toward a novel intervention in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, which is shown to have a lasting effect via the modulating of neuroplasticity, rather than a merely immediate effect as was shown for in previous medical interventions.

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