scholarly journals Prolonged Grief Disorder in a Diverse College Student Sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Glickman
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Prolonged Grief ◽  
Grief Support

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the rate of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) and associated factors in a large sample of diverse college students. Sources of grief support and perceived helpfulness of support were also examined.Method: An online survey was administered to bereaved students at three colleges at the City University of New York. PGD measured by the Inventory of Complicated Grief was the primary outcome. Chi-squared and t-tests were used to assess the association between PGD and associated factors.Results: A total of n = 899 participants completed the Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG) based on a significant death loss = >12 months. An estimated 13.4% (n = 120/899) met criteria for PGD. The rate of PGD was associated with race, history of anxiety or depression, trauma other than the death, insecure attachment style, kinship to the deceased, closeness to the deceased, cause of death, and sudden/unexpected death. The majority of students sought grief support from a friend or family member.Conclusion: The rate of PGD in this sample of college students is similar to that of adults and most prevalent for students of color. Identification of those most at risk is critical to referring these students to effective treatments.

scholarly journals Prolonged, but not complicated, grief is a mental disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 211 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul K. Maciejewski ◽  
Holly G. Prigerson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief

SummaryThe DSM and ICD have taken steps to introduce a grief disorder as a new diagnostic entity. Evidence justifies the inclusion of prolonged grief disorder, but not complicated grief, as a new mental disorder.

scholarly journals Who Suffered Most After Deaths Due to COVID-19? Prevalence and Correlates of Prolonged Grief Disorder in COVID-19 Related Bereaved Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suqin Tang ◽  
Zhendong Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief ◽  
Traumatic Grief ◽  
Related Information

Abstract Background: Deaths by COVID-19 have left behind nearly 12 million recent bereaved individuals worldwide and researchers have raised concerns that the circumstances of COVID-19 related deaths will lead to a rise prevalence of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) cases. However, to date, no studies have examined the prevalence of PGD among people bereaved due to COVID-19. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of PGD and investigated demographic and loss-related factors associated with prolonged grief symptoms among Chinese individuals bereaved due to COVID-19.Methods: This was a cross-sectional online survey conducted between September 1 and October 3, 2020. A total of 422 Chinese participants (55.5% males; 32.73 [9.31] years old) who lost a close person due to COVID-19 participated in the study. Demographic and loss-related information was collected, and self-reported prolonged grief symptoms were measured by a 13-item International Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale (IPGDS: 1–65) and a 17-item Traumatic Grief Inventory Self Report (TGI-SR: 1–85). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors of levels of grief symptoms.Results: Prevalence of PGD was 37.8% screened by IPGDS and 39.9% by TGI-SR. No difference was found in levels of grief symptoms between participants whose close one died more than 6 months ago and those who experienced the loss less than 6 months ago. More severe prolonged grief symptoms was associated with losing a close person by COVID-19 rather than complications (B: 5.284; 95% CI: 0.521–10.047), losing a partner (B: 6.645; 95% CI: 2.547–10.743), child (B: 6.013; 95% CI: 0.128–11.899), parent (B: 5.554; 95% CI: 1.679–9.429), grandparent (B: 4.894; 95% CI: 0.690–0.097), feeling more traumatic about the loss (B: 1.574; 95% CI: 0.413–2.735), being closer to the deceased (B: 1.610; 95% CI: 0.368–2.851), and having more conflicts with the deceased (B: 0.743; 95% CI: -0.040–1.527).Conclusions: Echoing to researchers’ concerns, prevalence of PGD is high among people bereaved due to COVID-19. Individuals with higher risk of developing PGD should be identified and bereavement support should be offered as early as possible.

Prevalence and associated factors of prolonged grief disorder in Chinese parents bereaved by losing their only child

2020 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 112766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningning Zhou ◽  
Jun Wen ◽  
Eva-Maria Stelzer ◽  
Clare Killikelly ◽  
Wei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Only Child ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief ◽  
Chinese Parents

scholarly journals Who suffered most after deaths due to COVID-19? Prevalence and correlates of prolonged grief disorder in COVID-19 related bereaved adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suqin Tang ◽  
Zhendong Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief ◽  
Traumatic Grief ◽  
Related Information

Abstract Background Deaths by COVID-19 have left behind nearly 12 million recent bereaved individuals worldwide and researchers have raised concerns that the circumstances of COVID-19 related deaths will lead to a rise prevalence of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) cases. However, to date, no studies have examined the prevalence of PGD among people bereaved due to COVID-19. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of PGD and investigated demographic and loss-related factors associated with prolonged grief symptoms among Chinese individuals bereaved due to COVID-19. Methods This was a cross-sectional online survey conducted between September 1 and October 3, 2020. A total of 422 Chinese participants (55.5% males; 32.73 [9.31] years old) who lost a close person due to COVID-19 participated in the study. Demographic and loss-related information was collected, and self-reported prolonged grief symptoms were measured by a 13-item International Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale (IPGDS: 1–65) and a 17-item Traumatic Grief Inventory Self Report (TGI-SR: 1–85). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors of levels of grief symptoms. Results Prevalence of PGD was 37.8% screened by IPGDS and 29.3% by TGI-SR. No difference was found in levels of grief symptoms between participants whose close one died more than 6 months ago and those who experienced the loss less than 6 months ago. More severe prolonged grief symptoms assessed by IPGDS was associated with losing a close person by COVID-19 rather than complications (B: 5.35; 95% CI: 0.54–10.05), losing a partner (B: 7.80; 95% CI: 3.24–12.37), child (B: 8.15; 95% CI: 1.03–15.26), and parent (B: 5.49; 95% CI: 1.49–9.48) rather than losing a relative or a person with other relationship, feeling more traumatic about the loss (B: 1.71; 95% CI: 0.52–2.90), being closer with the deceased (B: 1.60; 95% CI: 0.34–2.86). Moreover, Losing a grandparent (B: 6.62; 95% CI: 0.53–12.71) and having more conflicts with the deceased (B: 1.05; 95% CI: − 0.008–2.11) were related to higher levels of grief symptoms assessed by TGI-SR. Conclusions Echoing researchers’ concerns, the prevalence of PGD is high among people bereaved due to COVID-19. Individuals with a higher risk of developing PGD should be identified and bereavement support should be offered as early as possible.

scholarly journals Who suffered most after deaths due to COVID-19? Prevalence and correlates of prolonged grief disorder in COVID-19 related bereaved adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suqin Tang ◽  
Zhendong Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief ◽  
Traumatic Grief ◽  
Related Information

Abstract Background: Deaths by COVID-19 have left behind nearly 12 million recent bereaved individuals worldwide and researchers have raised concerns that the circumstances of COVID-19 related deaths will lead to a rise prevalence of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) cases. However, to date, no studies have examined the prevalence of PGD among people bereaved due to COVID-19. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of PGD and investigated demographic and loss-related factors associated with prolonged grief symptoms among Chinese individuals bereaved due to COVID-19.Methods: This was a cross-sectional online survey conducted between September 1 and October 3, 2020. A total of 422 Chinese participants (55.5% males; 32.73 [9.31] years old) who lost a close person due to COVID-19 participated in the study. Demographic and loss-related information was collected, and self-reported prolonged grief symptoms were measured by a 13-item International Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale (IPGDS: 1–65) and a 17-item Traumatic Grief Inventory Self Report (TGI-SR: 1–85). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors of levels of grief symptoms.Results: Prevalence of PGD was 37.8% screened by IPGDS and 29.3% by TGI-SR. No difference was found in levels of grief symptoms between participants whose close one died more than 6 months ago and those who experienced the loss less than 6 months ago. More severe prolonged grief symptoms assessed by IPGDS was associated with losing a close person by COVID-19 rather than complications (B: 5.35; 95% CI: 0.54–10.05), losing a partner (B: 7.80; 95% CI: 3.24–12.37), child (B: 8.15; 95% CI: 1.03–15.26), and parent (B: 5.49; 95% CI: 1.49–9.48) rather than losing a relative or a person with other relationship, feeling more traumatic about the loss (B: 1.71; 95% CI: 0.52–2.90), being closer with the deceased (B: 1.60; 95% CI: 0.34–2.86). Moreover, Losing a grandparent (B: 6.62; 95% CI: 0.53–12.71) and having more conflicts with the deceased (B: 1.05; 95% CI: -0.008–2.11) were related to higher levels of grief symptoms assessed by TGI-SR. Conclusions: Echoing to researchers’ concerns, prevalence of PGD is high among people bereaved due to COVID-19. Individuals with higher risk of developing PGD should be identified and bereavement support should be offered as early as possible.

Neuropsychological Comparison of Guilt and Grief: A Review of Guilt Aspects in Prolonged Grief Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110241
Author(s):  
Brandon Joa ◽  
Andrew B. Newberg
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief ◽  
Neuropsychological Development ◽  
Review Criteria

Taking an integrative approach toward developmental psychology and neurophysiology, this review selects findings from the psychological and medical literature on guilt and bereavement that are relevant to considering whether and how guilt contributes to the development of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) in bereaved persons. Mention of guilt is ubiquitous in literature on general grief and PGD, including 54 articles related to the neuropsychological development and manifestations of guilt and grief, as well as their neuroimaging correlates, that met scoping review criteria. However, mechanisms connecting guilt to development of PGD are scarce. Aspects of guilt are conceptually connected to many PGD criteria, opening avenues to explore treatment of PGD by targeting guilt. Positive and prosocial aspects of guilt are especially neglected in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, and consideration of these aspects may improve interventions for PGD such as complicated grief treatment.

Defining Normal: What Widowed Parents Make of Diagnosing Grief

2020 ◽  
pp. 105413732096626
Author(s):  
Helle Holmgren
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief ◽  
Time Criterion ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Grief Reactions

Following a lengthy debate about the possibilities of distinguishing abnormal from normal grief reactions, a diagnosis of prolonged grief disorder has been included in the newest edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD; WHO, 2018 ). In this online survey, spousally bereaved individuals (N = 86) with children in the home were asked about what they made of the grief diagnosis. The results varied from individuals being decidedly against diagnosing grief to others embracing a diagnosis as a means to a recognition of bereavement and grief—and possible access to help and support. The time criterion in the ICD diagnosis of PGD, however, met widespread criticism. While the diagnosis of PGD has already been included in the ICD, it remains to be seen whether it will lead to more understanding of bereaved individuals and an improved provision of help and support for adults and children in the future.

The Relationship Between Attachment Style and Depression in College Students

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. A. Nielsen ◽  
Amanda Luthe ◽  
Elizabeth Rellinger
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
The Relationship
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