scholarly journals Improving Health Outcomes and Serving Wider Society: The Potential Role of Understanding and Cultivating Prosocial Purpose Within Health Psychology Research and Practice to Address Climate Change and Social Isolation and Loneliness

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Kaur Bains ◽  
Triece Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Health Psychology ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
Research And Practice

scholarly journals The Fiscal Implications of Climate Change

Policy Papers ◽  
2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Policy Coordination ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fiscal Implications ◽  
Global Externality

This paper reviews the fiscal implications of climate change, and the potential role of the Fund in addressing them. It stresses that: • The potential fiscal implications are immediate as well as lasting, and liable to affect—in differing forms and degree—all Fund members. • Climate change is a global externality problem, calling for some degree of international fiscal cooperation… • …and has features—an intertemporal mismatch between the (early) costs of action to address climate change and (later) benefits, pervasive uncertainties and irreversibilities (including risk of catastrophe), and sharp asymmetries in the effects on different countries—that raise difficult technical and ethical issues, and hinder policy coordination. • In addition to itself impacting the public finances, climate change calls for deploying fiscal instruments to mitigate its extent and adapt to its remaining effects.

Climate Change-related Displacement of Persons

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane McAdam
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
International Law ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
Political Incentives ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Refugee Law ◽  
International Refugee Law ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

This chapter examines the scope of existing international law to address ‘climate change-related displacement’, a term used to describe movement where the impacts of climate change affect mobility decisions in some way. It looks into the role of international refugee law, human rights law, and the law on statelessness in protecting people displaced by the impacts of climate change. The extent to which international law and international institutions respond to climate change-related movement and displacement depends upon: whether such movement is perceived as voluntary or forced; the nature of the trigger; whether international borders are crossed; the extent to which there are political incentives to characterize movement as linked to climate change or not; and whether movement is driven or aggravated by human factors, such as discrimination. The chapter also considers the extent to which existing principles on internal displacement provide normative and practical guidance.

scholarly journals Climate change, hunger and rural health through the lens of farming styles: An agent-based model to assess the potential role of peasant farming

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246788
Author(s):  
Simon J. Lloyd ◽  
Zaid Chalabi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Food System ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Trade Offs

Undernutrition is a major contributor to the global-burden of disease, and global-level health impact models suggest that climate change-mediated reductions in food quantity and quality will negatively affect it. These models, however, capture just some of the processes that will shape future nutrition. We adopt an alternative standpoint, developing an agent-based model in which producer-consumer smallholders practice different ‘styles of farming’ in the global food system. The model represents a hypothetical rural community in which ‘orphan’ (subsistence) farmers may develop by adopting an ‘entrepreneurial’ style (highly market-dependent) or by maintaining a ‘peasant’ style (agroecology). We take a first look at the question: how might patterns of farming styles—under various style preference, climate, policy, and price transmission scenarios—impact on hunger and health-supporting conditions (incomes, work, inequality, ‘real land productivity’) in rural areas? imulations without climate change or agricultural policy found that style preference patterns influence production, food price, and incomes, and there were trade-offs between them. For instance, entrepreneurial-oriented futures had the highest production and lowest prices but were simultaneously those in which farms tended towards crisis. Simulations with climate change and agricultural policy found that peasant-orientated agroecology futures had the highest production, prices equal to or lower than those under entrepreneurial-oriented futures, and better supported rural health. There were, however, contradictory effects on nutrition, with benefits and harms for different groups. Collectively the findings suggest that when attempting to understand how climate change may impact on future nutrition and health, patterns of farming styles—along with the fates of the households that practice them—matter. These issues, including the potential role of peasant farming, have been neglected in previous global-level climate-nutrition modelling but go to the heart of current debates on the future of farming: thus, they should be given more prominence in future work.

Social Isolation, Loneliness, and Health

2019 ◽  
pp. 185-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Hawkley
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Solitary Confinement ◽  
Causal Role ◽  
State Prison ◽  
Physiological Processes

This chapter reviews research on the links between social isolation and health, distinguishes between objective and subjective isolation (i.e., loneliness), outlines physiological processes that underlie the health outcomes associated with isolation and loneliness, and considers hypertension as a case study of a health condition that would theoretically be expected to be more prevalent among more isolated than less isolated adults. The case of Ashker v. Governor of California provided an opportunity to test the hypothesis that solitary confinement is associated with hypertension. The chapter uses data from the Pelican Bay State Prison to test this hypothesis, and discusses the results and their implications not only for the practice of extended periods of solitary confinement but also for the theorized causal role of loneliness and isolation in explaining health and longevity.

Tackling climate-science learning through futures thinking

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Simon Taylor ◽  
Ben Jones
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
School Students ◽  
Alternative Futures ◽  
Images Of The Future

This study examined the role of a future-oriented scenario with secondary school students using diorama construction which included climate-change knowledge and envisioning alternative futures. To explore the potential role of futures-thinking modelling, students from one class participated in a 12-week cross-curricular inquiry with their teachers. Jensen’s (2002) dimensions of action-oriented knowledge are used to examine the climate-change knowledge developed by the students. Four common images of the future (Dator, 2014) are incorporated as models to forecast alternative futures. The findings suggest the value of future-oriented dioramas for developing climate-change understanding and futures thinking.

Population differentiation in a Mediterranean relict shrub: the potential role of local adaptation for coping with climate change

Oecologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 180 (4) ◽  
pp. 1075-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Lázaro-Nogal ◽  
Silvia Matesanz ◽  
Lea Hallik ◽  
Alisa Krasnova ◽  
Anna Traveset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Potential Role

Mitigation of climate change and environmental hazards in plants: potential role of beneficial metalloid silicon

2021 ◽  
pp. 126193
Author(s):  
Boris Bokor ◽  
Carla S. Santos ◽  
Dominik Kostoláni ◽  
Joana Machado ◽  
Marta Nunes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Environmental Hazards

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Awe for Depression: Reassembling the Puzzle

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Chirico ◽  
Andrea Gaggioli
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Specific Intervention ◽  
Therapeutic Role ◽  
Health Domain ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Role ◽  
Specific Health

Recently, interest in the unique pathways linking discrete positive emotions to specific health outcomes has gained increasing attention, but the role of awe is yet to be elucidated. Awe is a complex and transformative emotion that can restructure individuals' mental frames so deeply that it could be considered a therapeutic asset for major mental health major issues, including depression. Despite sparse evidence showing a potential connection between depression and awe, this link has not been combined into a proposal resulting in specific intervention guidelines. The aim of this perspective was three-fold: (i) to provide a new unifying model of awe's functioning—the Matryoshka model; (ii) to show systematic and explicit connections between this emotion and depression; and (iii) to suggest specific guidelines of intervention utilizing the potential therapeutic role of awe for mental health, specifically for depression. This theoretical endeavor in its entirety has been framed within the health domain.

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