scholarly journals Better Sleep in a Strange Bed? Sleep Quality in South African Women with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gosia Lipinska ◽  
Kevin G. F. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
South African ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
African Women ◽  
South African Women

scholarly journals The effects of music relaxation and muscle relaxation techniques on sleep quality and emotional measures among individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Blanaru ◽  
Boaz Bloch ◽  
Limor Vadas ◽  
Zahi Arnon ◽  
Naomi Ziv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Ambulatory Monitoring ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Depression And Anxiety

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), an anxiety disorder with lifetime prevalence of 7.8%, is characterized by symptoms that develop following exposure to traumatic life events and that cause an immediate experience of intense fear, helplessness or horror. PTSD is marked by recurrent nightmares typified by the recall of intrusive experiences and by extended disturbance throughout sleep. Individuals with PTSD respond poorly to drug treatments for insomnia. The disadvantages of drug treatment for insomnia underline the importance of non-pharmacological alternatives. Thus, the present study had three aims: first, to compare the efficiency of two relaxation techniques (muscular relaxation and progressive music relaxation) in alleviating insomnia among individuals with PTSD using both objective and subjective measures of sleep quality; second, to examine whether these two techniques have different effects on psychological indicators of PTSD, such as depression and anxiety; and finally, to examine how initial PTSD symptom severity and baseline emotional measures are related to the efficiency of these two relaxation methods. Thirteen PTSD patients with no other major psychiatric or neurological disorders participated in the study. The study comprised one seven-day running-in, no-treatment period, followed by two seven-day experimental periods. The treatments constituted either music relaxation or muscle relaxation techniques at desired bedtime. These treatments were randomly assigned. During each of these three experimental periods, subjects' sleep was continuously monitored with a wrist actigraph (Ambulatory Monitoring, Inc.), and subjects were asked to fill out several questionnaires concerned with a wide spectrum of issues, such as sleep, depression, and anxiety. Analyses revealed a significant increase in objective and subjective sleep efficiency and a significant reduction in depression level following music relaxation. Moreover, following music relaxation, a highly significant negative correlation was found between improvement in objective sleep efficiency and reduction in depression scale. The study‘s findings provide evidence that music relaxation at bedtime can be used as treatment for insomnia among individuals with PTSD.

scholarly journals Validation of the French version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Addendum for posttraumatic stress disorder

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 19298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik Ait-Aoudia ◽  
Pierre P. Levy ◽  
Eric Bui ◽  
Salvatore Insana ◽  
Capucine de Fouchier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽  
French Version

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): The Malleable Diagnosis?

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.T. Eagle
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
South African ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Collegial Support ◽  
African Context ◽  
Perpetrators And Victims

The paper seeks to raise questions about the rigour of psychiatric diagnosis with specific reference to the diagnostic category of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is argued that because of the inclusion of the stressor criterion (verifiable exposure to an external event) PTSD is very much located in consensual reality. In addition, because of its application to victims in extremity, the diagnosis cannot help but engage with people who are at the receiving end of abuses of power. Such characteristics shape PTSD as a somewhat uniquely socially-located diagnostic category and bring specific challenges to bear in the employment of the diagnosis. Not only is PTSD problematic in its location within a Western, medically-based system of classification, but it has also been drawn upon to serve explicitly political rather than purely clinical agendas. The political role of PTSD has tended to be most evident in the psycho-forensic domain where it has been cited in favour of both complainants and defendants, both perpetrators and victims. Examples of such evidence are discussed with particular emphasis on the role played by PTSD diagnosticians in the South African context. It is argued that the malleability of PTSD offers both problems and opportunities and that ultimately the integrity of the diagnosis may rest on moral as much as clinical principles. In this respect the paper seeks to illustrate that definitions of normality and abnormality in the psychiatric domain remain flawed and open to contestation and abuse. The importance of organizational and collegial support in grappling with these issues is also emphasized.

The Child Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist in a Sample of South African Youth

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 (8) ◽  
pp. 692-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike Frank-Schultz ◽  
Pamela Naidoo ◽  
Karen J. Cloete ◽  
Soraya Seedat
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
South African ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
African Youth
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