scholarly journals Rethinking the Relationship between Social Experience and False-Belief Understanding: A Mentalistic Account

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Roby ◽  
Rose M. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Social Experience ◽  
False Belief ◽  
False Belief Understanding ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Labelling Improves False Belief Understanding. A Training Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Serrat Sellabona ◽  
Carles Rostan Sánchez ◽  
Eduard Vallès Majoral ◽  
Moisès Esteban Guitart ◽  
Francesc Sidera Caballero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Belief ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Training Study ◽  
Linguistic Experience ◽  
Training Conditions ◽  
Remarkable Improvement ◽  
False Belief Understanding ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractA total of 104 children aged between 41 and 47 months were selected to study the relationship between language and false belief understanding. Participants were assigned to four different training conditions: discourse, labelling, control (all with deceptive objects), and sentential complements (involving non-deceptive objects). Post-test results showed an improvement in children’s false belief understanding in the discourse and the labelling conditions, but not in the sentential complements with non-deceptive objects or the control group. Furthermore, the most remarkable improvement in false belief understanding occurred in the labelling group. These results suggest that some types of linguistic experience promote the development of false belief understanding, provided that differing perspectives are confronted.

Little pranksters: Inhibitory control mediates the association between false belief understanding and practical joking in young children

2021 ◽  
pp. 016502542098859
Author(s):  
Zhenlin Wang ◽  
Lamei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
False Belief ◽  
False Belief Understanding ◽  
The Relationship

To successfully pull a practical joke on someone, children need to understand that their victims do not know what they themselves know, be able to intentionally manipulate others’ beliefs, and maintain a straight face to safeguard the integrity of the joke. This study examined the relationship between children’s developing theory of mind (ToM), inhibitory control, and their ability to pull a practical joke. Ninety-five children between ages 2 and 6 participated in, among other measures, a practical joke task that required them to knowingly give one of the experimenters a gift box containing a rubber insect. Results showed that children’s ability to pull a practical joke was significantly related to their age, false belief understanding (FBU), inhibitory control, and verbal ability. Children with more siblings were more likely to successfully pull a practical joke. Most importantly, inhibitory control was shown to mediate the relation between FBU and practical joking. The findings provide evidence that practical joking as an example of ToM use is effortful.

Theory of mind and inhibitory control in three cultures: Conflict inhibition predicts false belief understanding in Germany, Costa Rica and Cameroon

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Chasiotis ◽  
Florian Kiessling ◽  
Jan Hofer ◽  
Domingo Campos
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
False Belief ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
False Belief Understanding ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates the relationship of theory of mind and inhibitory control in three samples from Europe, Africa and Latin America differing in relevant socioeconomic and psychological background. The relationship between false belief understanding and inhibitory control was tested using samples of 3 to 5 year-old preschoolers from Germany ( N = 116), Costa Rica ( N = 82) and Cameroon ( N = 116). Inhibitory control and theory of mind were examined using test batteries. Age, gender, siblings, language understanding and mother's education were controlled. Results of regression analyses controlling for moderating effects of culture show a culture-independent relation between conflict inhibition and false belief understanding while delay inhibition is not a significant predictor for false belief understanding across cultures. Conflict inhibition is discussed as a universal developmental prerequisite for the development of theory of mind in the preschool years.

scholarly journals On the Relationship between Theory of Mind and Syntax in Clinical and Non-Clinical Populations: State of the Art and Implications for Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Fontana ◽  
Mauro Adenzato ◽  
Jacopo S. Penso ◽  
Ivan Enrici ◽  
Rita B. Ardito
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
False Belief ◽  
Neuropsychological Disorders ◽  
False Belief Understanding ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
The Relationship

Background:Over the years, different explanations have been given on the relationship between syntax and Theory of Mind,i.e., the ability to attribute mental states to others and predict, describe, and explain behavior based on such mental states. In the present study, we focus on the relationship between false-belief understanding as a crucial aspect of Theory of Mind, and on the ability to master the syntax of complementation,i.e., the ability to produce and comprehend sentences in a recursive way.Objective:Our purpose is to test two main hypotheses on the relationship between false-belief understanding and the ability to master the syntax of complementation: the dependence and the independence of false-belief understanding on syntactic complementation.Method:We analyze studies on children with typical development, deaf children with deaf signing or hearing parents, children with specific language impairment, children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, longitudinal and training studies, and studies on adults with neuropsychological disorders.Conclusion:Strengths and weaknesses of the two hypotheses are discussed and limitations of the current state of knowledge are presented. A lifespan approach taking into account both the emergence and maintenance of false-belief understanding and using both implicit and explicit false-belief tasks is proposed to face the issue discussed.

Pragmatic Language Performance of Children Adopted Internationally

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-514
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Hwa-Froelich ◽  
Hisako Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
False Belief ◽  
Pragmatic Language ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Language Performance ◽  
Emotion Identification ◽  
False Belief Understanding ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Pragmatic Communication ◽  
Eastern European Countries

Purpose Pragmatic language is important for social communication across all settings. Children adopted internationally (CAI) may be at risk of poorer pragmatic language because of adverse early care, delayed adopted language development, and less ability to inhibit. The purpose of this study was to compare pragmatic language performance of CAI from Asian and Eastern European countries with a nonadopted group of children who were of the same age and from similar socioeconomic backgrounds as well as explore the relationship among emotion identification, false belief understanding, and inhibition variables with pragmatic language performance. Method Using a quasi-experimental design, 35 four-year-old CAI (20 Asian, 15 Eastern European) and 33 children who were not adopted were included in this study. The children's pragmatic language, general language, and social communication (emotion identification of facial expressions, false belief understanding, inhibition) were measured. Comparisons by region of origin and adoption experience were completed. We conducted split-half correlation analyses and entered significant correlation variables into simple and backward regression models. Results Pragmatic language performance differed by adoption experience. The adopted and nonadopted groups demonstrated different correlation patterns. Language performance explained most of the pragmatic language variance. Discussion Because CAI perform less well than their nonadopted peers on pragmatic communication measures and different variables are related to their pragmatic performance, speech-language pathologists may need to adapt assessment and intervention practices for this population.

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