scholarly journals Major depressive disorder with melancholia displays robust alterations in resting state heart rate and its variability: implications for future morbidity and mortality

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Kemp ◽  
Daniel S. Quintana ◽  
Candice R. Quinn ◽  
Patrick Hopkinson ◽  
Anthony W. F. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Major Depressive

scholarly journals Initial Evidence for Brain Plasticity Following a Digital Therapeutic Intervention for Depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 247054701987788
Author(s):  
Megan M. Hoch ◽  
Gaelle E. Doucet ◽  
Dominik A. Moser ◽  
Won Hee Lee ◽  
Katherine A. Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Task Training

Background Digital therapeutics such as cognitive–emotional training have begun to show promise for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Available clinical trial data suggest that monotherapy with cognitive–emotional training using the Emotional Faces Memory Task is beneficial in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Emotional Faces Memory Task training for major depressive disorder is associated with changes in brain connectivity and whether changes in connectivity parameters are related to symptomatic improvement. Methods Fourteen major depressive disorder patients received Emotional Faces Memory Task training as monotherapy over a six-week period. Patients were scanned at baseline and posttreatment to identify changes in resting-state functional connectivity and effective connectivity during emotional working memory processing. Results Compared to baseline, patients showed posttreatment reduced connectivity within resting-state networks involved in self-referential and salience processing and greater integration across the functional connectome at rest. Moreover, we observed a posttreatment increase in the Emotional Faces Memory Task-induced modulation of connectivity between cortical control and limbic brain regions, which was associated with clinical improvement. Discussion These findings provide initial evidence that cognitive–emotional training may be associated with changes in short-term plasticity of brain networks implicated in major depressive disorder. Conclusion Our findings pave the way for the principled design of large clinical and neuroimaging studies.

scholarly journals Association between cytomegalovirus infection, reduced gray matter volume, and resting-state functional hypoconnectivity in major depressive disorder: a replication and extension

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixia Zheng ◽  
Bart N. Ford ◽  
Rayus Kuplicki ◽  
Kaiping Burrows ◽  
Peter W. Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Affective Processing ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Matter Volume

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a neurotropic herpes virus known to cause neuropathology in patients with impaired immunity. Previously, we reported a reduction in the gray matter volume (GMV) of several brain regions in two independent samples of participants who were seropositive for HCMV (HCMV+) compared to matched participants who were seronegative for HCMV (HCMV−). In addition to an independent replication of the GMV findings, this study aimed to examine whether HCMV+ was associated with differences in resting-state functional connectivity (rsfMRI-FC). After balancing on 11 clinical/demographic variables using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), GMV and rsfMRI-FC were obtained from 99 participants with major depressive disorder (MDD) who were classified into 42 HCMV+ and 57 HCMV− individuals. Relative to the HCMV− group, the HCMV+ group showed a significant reduction of GMV in nine cortical regions. Volume reduction in the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex (standardized beta coefficient (SBC) = −0.32, [95%CI, −0.62 to −0.02]) and the left pars orbitalis (SBC = −0.34, [95%CI, −0.63 to −0.05]) in the HCMV+ group was also observed in the previous study. Regardless of the parcellation method or analytical approach, relative to the HCMV− group, the HCMV+ group showed hypoconnectivity between the hubs of the sensorimotor network (bilateral postcentral gyrus) and the hubs of the salience network (bilateral insula) with effect sizes ranging from SBC = −0.57 to −0.99. These findings support the hypothesis that a positive HCMV serostatus is associated with altered connectivity of regions that are important for stress and affective processing and further supports a possible etiological role of HCMV in depression.

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