scholarly journals Neural Correlates of Opposing Effects of Emotional Distraction on Working Memory and Episodic Memory: An Event-Related fMRI Investigation

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Dolcos ◽  
Alexandru D. Iordan ◽  
James Kragel ◽  
Jared Stokes ◽  
Ryan Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Opposing Effects ◽  
Emotional Distraction

Similarities and Differences in the Neural Correlates of Episodic Memory Retrieval and Working Memory

NeuroImage ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Cabeza ◽  
Florin Dolcos ◽  
Reiko Graham ◽  
Lars Nyberg
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Opposing effects of perceptual versus working memory load on emotional distraction

2016 ◽  
Vol 234 (10) ◽  
pp. 2945-2956
Author(s):  
Tamara P. Tavares ◽  
Kyle Logie ◽  
Derek G. V. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Opposing Effects ◽  
Emotional Distraction

scholarly journals Brain hemodynamic response in Examiner–Examinee dyads during spatial short-term memory task: an fNIRS study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Panico ◽  
Stefania De Marco ◽  
Laura Sagliano ◽  
Francesca D’Olimpio ◽  
Dario Grossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
The Real

AbstractThe Corsi Block-Tapping test (CBT) is a measure of spatial working memory (WM) in clinical practice, requiring an examinee to reproduce sequences of cubes tapped by an examiner. CBT implies complementary behaviors in the examiners and the examinees, as they have to attend a precise turn taking. Previous studies demonstrated that the Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) is activated during CBT, but scarce evidence is available on the neural correlates of CBT in the real setting. We assessed PFC activity in dyads of examiner–examinee participants while completing the real version of CBT, during conditions of increasing and exceeding workload. This procedure allowed to investigate whether brain activity in the dyads is coordinated. Results in the examinees showed that PFC activity was higher when the workload approached or reached participants’ spatial WM span, and lower during workload conditions that were largely below or above their span. Interestingly, findings in the examiners paralleled the ones in the examinees, as examiners’ brain activity increased and decreased in a similar way as the examinees’ one. In the examiners, higher left-hemisphere activity was observed suggesting the likely activation of non-spatial WM processes. Data support a bell-shaped relationship between cognitive load and brain activity, and provide original insights on the cognitive processes activated in the examiner during CBT.

scholarly journals Are visual working memory and episodic memory distinct processes? Insight from stroke patients by lesion-symptom mapping

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Lugtmeijer ◽  
◽  
Linda Geerligs ◽  
Frank Erik de Leeuw ◽  
Edward H. F. de Haan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Lesion Symptom Mapping ◽  
Criterion Setting ◽  
The Right

AbstractWorking memory and episodic memory are two different processes, although the nature of their interrelationship is debated. As these processes are predominantly studied in isolation, it is unclear whether they crucially rely on different neural substrates. To obtain more insight in this, 81 adults with sub-acute ischemic stroke and 29 elderly controls were assessed on a visual working memory task, followed by a surprise subsequent memory test for the same stimuli. Multivariate, atlas- and track-based lesion-symptom mapping (LSM) analyses were performed to identify anatomical correlates of visual memory. Behavioral results gave moderate evidence for independence between discriminability in working memory and subsequent memory, and strong evidence for a correlation in response bias on the two tasks in stroke patients. LSM analyses suggested there might be independent regions associated with working memory and episodic memory. Lesions in the right arcuate fasciculus were more strongly associated with discriminability in working memory than in subsequent memory, while lesions in the frontal operculum in the right hemisphere were more strongly associated with criterion setting in subsequent memory. These findings support the view that some processes involved in working memory and episodic memory rely on separate mechanisms, while acknowledging that there might also be shared processes.

scholarly journals Effects of ketamine on brain function during metacognition of episodic memory

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Lehmann ◽  
Claudia Neumann ◽  
Sven Wasserthal ◽  
Johannes Schultz ◽  
Achilles Delis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Lingual Gyrus ◽  
States Of Consciousness ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Confidence Ratings

Abstract Only little research has been conducted on the pharmacological underpinnings of metacognition. Here, we tested the modulatory effects of a single intravenous dose (100 ng/ml) of the N-methyl-D-aspartate-glutamate-receptor antagonist ketamine, a compound known to induce altered states of consciousness, on metacognition and its neural correlates. Fifty-three young, healthy adults completed two study phases of an episodic memory task involving both encoding and retrieval in a double-blind, placebo-controlled fMRI study. Trial-by-trial confidence ratings were collected during retrieval. Effects on the subjective state of consciousness were assessed using the 5D-ASC questionnaire. Confirming that the drug elicited a psychedelic state, there were effects of ketamine on all 5D-ASC scales. Acute ketamine administration during retrieval had deleterious effects on metacognitive sensitivity (meta-d′) and led to larger metacognitive bias, with retrieval performance (d′) and reaction times remaining unaffected. However, there was no ketamine effect on metacognitive efficiency (meta-d′/d′). Measures of the BOLD signal revealed that ketamine compared to placebo elicited higher activation of posterior cortical brain areas, including superior and inferior parietal lobe, calcarine gyrus, and lingual gyrus, albeit not specific to metacognitive confidence ratings. Ketamine administered during encoding did not significantly affect performance or brain activation. Overall, our findings suggest that ketamine impacts metacognition, leading to significantly larger metacognitive bias and deterioration of metacognitive sensitivity as well as unspecific activation increases in posterior hot zone areas of the neural correlates of consciousness.

scholarly journals Neural correlates of working memory deficits and associations to response inhibition in obsessive compulsive disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 426-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Heinzel ◽  
Christian Kaufmann ◽  
Rosa Grützmann ◽  
Robert Hummel ◽  
Julia Klawohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Neural Correlates of Impaired Cognitive Control over Working Memory in Schizophrenia

2014 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teal S. Eich ◽  
Derek Evan Nee ◽  
Catherine Insel ◽  
Chara Malapani ◽  
Edward E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Neural Correlates

Neural Correlates of Visuospatial Working Memory in Healthy Young Adults at Risk for Hypertension

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreana P. Haley ◽  
John Gunstad ◽  
Ronald A. Cohen ◽  
Beth A. Jerskey ◽  
Richard C. Mulligan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Visuospatial Working Memory

scholarly journals The neuropsychology of emerging psychosis and the role of working memory in episodic memory encoding

2018 ◽  
Vol Volume 11 ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlon O Pflueger ◽  
Pasquale Calabrese ◽  
Erich Studerus ◽  
Ronan Zimmermann ◽  
Ute Gschwandtner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Memory Encoding
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