scholarly journals Shifts in the Active Rhizobiome Paralleling Low Meloidogyne chitwoodi Densities in Fields Under Prolonged Organic Soil Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Harkes ◽  
Joris Johannes Matheus van Steenbrugge ◽  
Sven Johannes Josephus van den Elsen ◽  
Afnan Khalil Ahmad Suleiman ◽  
Johannes Jan de Haan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Management ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Meloidogyne Chitwoodi

scholarly journals Organically Managed Soils Reduce Internal Colonization of Tomato Plants by Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganyu Gu ◽  
Juan M. Cevallos-Cevallos ◽  
Gary E. Vallad ◽  
Ariena H. C. van Bruggen
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

A two-phase experiment was conducted twice to investigate the effects of soil management on movement of Salmonella enterica Typhimurium in tomato plants. In the first phase, individual leaflets of 84 tomato plants grown in conventional or organic soils were dip inoculated two to four times before fruiting with either of two Salmonella Typhimurium strains (109 CFU/ml; 0.025% [vol/vol] Silwet L-77). Inoculated and adjacent leaflets were tested for Salmonella spp. densities for 30 days after each inoculation. Endophytic bacterial communities were characterized by polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis before and after inoculation. Fruit and seed were examined for Salmonella spp. incidence. In phase 2, extracted seed were planted in conventional soil, and contamination of leaves and fruit of the second generation was checked. More Salmonella spp. survived in inoculated leaves on plants grown in conventional than in organic soil. The soil management effect on Salmonella spp. survival was confirmed for tomato plants grown in two additional pairs of soils. Endophytic bacterial diversities of tomato plants grown in conventional soils were significantly lower than those in organic soils. All contaminated fruit (1%) were from tomato plants grown in conventional soil. Approximately 5% of the seed from infested fruit were internally contaminated. No Salmonella sp. was detected in plants grown from contaminated seed.

scholarly journals Conventional and organic soil management as divergent drivers of resident and active fractions of major soil food web constituents

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Harkes ◽  
Afnan K. A. Suleiman ◽  
Sven J. J. van den Elsen ◽  
Johannes J. de Haan ◽  
Martijn Holterman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Food Web ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Active Communities

Abstract Conventional agricultural production systems, typified by large inputs of mineral fertilizers and pesticides, reduce soil biodiversity and may negatively affect ecosystem services such as carbon fixation, nutrient cycling and disease suppressiveness. Organic soil management is thought to contribute to a more diverse and stable soil food web, but data detailing this effect are sparse and fragmented. We set out to map both the resident (rDNA) and the active (rRNA) fractions of bacterial, fungal, protozoan and metazoan communities under various soil management regimes in two distinct soil types with barley as the main crop. Contrasts between resident and active communities explained 22%, 14%, 21% and 25% of the variance within the bacterial, fungal, protozoan, and metazoan communities. As the active fractions of organismal groups define the actual ecological functioning of soils, our findings underline the relevance of characterizing both resident and active pools. All four major organismal groups were affected by soil management (p < 0.01), and most taxa showed both an increased presence and an enlarged activity under the organic regime. Hence, a prolonged organic soil management not only impacts the primary decomposers, bacteria and fungi, but also major representatives of the next trophic level, protists and metazoa.

scholarly journals Maize Farmers Perceptions towards Organic Soil Management Practices in Bungoma County, Kenya

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gido O. Eric ◽  
Job K. Lagat ◽  
Gicuru K. Ithinji ◽  
Benjamin K. Mutai ◽  
Sibiko W. Kenneth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Organic Soil

scholarly journals Dynamic of epigeous macrofauna under organic soil management in the Brazilian semi-arid region

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-192
Author(s):  
Marcio Sampaio Pimentel ◽  
Rubens Silva Carvalho ◽  
Daniela Pionorio Vilaronga ◽  
Lindete Miria V Martins ◽  
Adriano Victor L da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid
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