scholarly journals Genome Size, Molecular Phylogeny, and Evolutionary History of the Tribe Aquilarieae (Thymelaeaceae), the Natural Source of Agarwood

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azman H. Farah ◽  
Shiou Yih Lee ◽  
Zhihui Gao ◽  
Tze Leong Yao ◽  
Maria Madon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Natural Source ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The dynamic evolutionary history of genome size in North American woodland salamanders

Genome ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Newman ◽  
T. Ryan Gregory ◽  
Christopher C. Austin
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Plethodontid Salamanders ◽  
Genome Size Evolution ◽  
Size Evolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Large Genome Size ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Phylogeographic Study

The genus Plethodon is the most species-rich salamander genus in North America, and nearly half of its species face an uncertain future. It is also one of the most diverse families in terms of genome sizes, which range from 1C = 18.2 to 69.3 pg, or 5–20 times larger than the human genome. Large genome size in salamanders results in part from accumulation of transposable elements and is associated with various developmental and physiological traits. However, genome sizes have been reported for only 25% of the species of Plethodon (14 of 55). We collected genome size data for Plethodon serratus to supplement an ongoing phylogeographic study, reconstructed the evolutionary history of genome size in Plethodontidae, and inferred probable genome sizes for the 41 species missing empirical data. Results revealed multiple genome size changes in Plethodon: genomes of western Plethodon increased, whereas genomes of eastern Plethodon decreased, followed by additional decreases or subsequent increases. The estimated genome size of P. serratus was 21 pg. New understanding of variation in genome size evolution, along with genome size inferences for previously unstudied taxa, provide a foundation for future studies on the biology of plethodontid salamanders.

Karyotype and Genome Size Estimation ofHaliotis midae: Estimators to Assist Future Studies on the Evolutionary History of Haliotidae

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 945-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Franchini ◽  
Ruhan Slabbert ◽  
Mathilde Van Der Merwe ◽  
Adelle Roux ◽  
Rouvay Roodt-Wilding
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Origin and evolution of the Yangtze River reconstructed from the largest molecular phylogeny of Cyprinidae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Chen ◽  
Ge Xue ◽  
Yeke Wang ◽  
Hucai Zhang ◽  
Peter D. Clift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Time Resolution ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
East Asian ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lacustrine Ecosystem

Abstract The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia, but its evolutionary history has long been debated. So far no robust biological evidences can be found to crack this mystery. Here we reconstruct spatiotemporal and diversification dynamics of endemic East Asian cyprinids based on a largest molecular phylogeny of Cyprinidae, including 1420 species, and show that their ancestors laying adhesive eggs were distributed in southern East Asia before ~24 Ma, subsequently dispersed to the Yangtze River to spawn semi-buoyant eggs at ~19 Ma. This indicates that the Yangtze River diverted eastward around the Oligocene-Miocene boundary. Some of these cyprinids evolved again into fishes producing adhesive eggs at ~13 Ma, together with a peaked net diversification rate, indicating that the river formed a potamo-lacustrine ecosystem during the Mid-Miocene. Our reconstruction of the history of the Yangtze River has higher time resolution and much better continuity than those deriving from geological studies.

An Analysis of the Sectional Classification of Anthurium (Araceae): Comparing Infrageneric Groupings and Their Diagnostic Morphology with a Molecular Phylogeny of the Genus

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica M. Carlsen ◽  
Thomas B. Croat
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Taxon Sampling ◽  
Species Relationships ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sectional Classification

This study presents an evaluation of the currently accepted sectional classification of the genus Anthurium Schott (Araceae) in light of a recently published molecular phylogeny for the group. In general, disagreements between these two occur because many diagnostic morphological characters used in the sectional classification turned out to be highly homoplasious within Anthurium, with multiple independent gains or losses of seemingly similar morphologies in distantly related clades. A new sectional classification of Anthurium that more accurately represents species relationships and the evolutionary history of the genus is much needed, and here we propose the first steps toward it. Results from this study suggest that out of the 18 sections and two series recognized in Anthurium, only seven of these groups are monophyletic (i.e., sections Andiphilum (Schott) Croat, Calomystrium (Schott) Engl., Dactylophyllium (Schott) Engl., Leptanthurium (Schott) Engl., Polyphyllium Engl., Tetraspermium (Schott) Engl., and the newly recognized section Multinervia (Croat) Carlsen & Croat, previously a series within section Pachyneurium (Schott) Engl.). All other sections are either not monophyletic or their monophyly could not be accurately tested. A complete revision of the sectional classification of Anthurium will require a more comprehensive taxon sampling and a better supported molecular phylogeny.

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