scholarly journals Identification of Putative Precursor Genes for the Biosynthesis of Cannabinoid-Like Compound in Radula marginata

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tajammul Hussain ◽  
Blue Plunkett ◽  
Mahwish Ejaz ◽  
Richard V. Espley ◽  
Oliver Kayser
Keyword(s):  
Putative Precursor

Nutrition and somatomedin XXII: Molecular regulation of insulin-like growth factor-I during fasting and refeeding in rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Goldstein ◽  
J. B. Harp ◽  
L. S. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Nutritional Regulation ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Fasting And Refeeding ◽  
Growth Factor I ◽  
Putative Precursor

ABSTRACT The liver is thought to be the locus of nutritional/hormonal regulation of circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). To probe the basis of nutritional regulation, we examined changes in serum IGF-I, hepatic content of extractable IGF-I immunoreactivity (a high Mr putative precursor) and hepatic IGF-I mRNA during fasting and refeeding in rats. Preliminary studies revealed that the hepatic level of IGF-I mRNA was consistently reduced only after food was withheld for 3 days, so the effects of refeeding were subsequently examined in such animals. After 3 days of fasting, animals lost 30% of their initial weight; weight regain was apparent within 3 h of refeeding ad libitum and, after 48 h, weight was comparable to initial fed levels. Fasting reduced levels of serum and extractable hepatic IGF-I to 19 and 26% of control (fed) values respectively (both P<0·005 vs control). There was no change in levels of serum IGF-I over the first 3 h of refeeding, but IGF-I rose above fasted levels at both 9 and 48 h (both P<0·005). Extractable hepatic IGF-I rose more slowly and was still below fasted levels after 9 h of refeeding, and modestly, but not significantly, greater than fasted levels after 48 h. The ratio of serum to hepatic IGF-I was decreased compared with control after 3 days of fasting, but increased after 3 and 9 h of refeeding (P<0·02 at 9 h). Northern blot analysis of total hepatic RNA revealed four species of IGF-I mRNA 0·8–1·1, 2·0, 4·0 and 7·5 kb in size. Each mRNA species fell to 15–28% of control levels after 3 days of fasting (all P<0·001). There was a prompt increase in each transcript after 3 h of refeeding, and all values were significantly (P<0·05) greater than fasted levels at 9 h but, at 48 h, most species were still below control levels. Levels of mRNA for the cytoskeletal proteins β-actin and cyclophilin also fell with fasting, but were restored more rapidly than IGF-I mRNA, to or above control levels after 3 h of refeeding. The observation that IGF-I expression was decreased at 3 h when β-actin and cyclophilin were normalized suggests specificity of regulation. Despite the temporal incongruity between IGF-I mRNA and serum and hepatic IGF-I, there were highly significant correlations (all P<0·002) between each pair of parameters. Since refeeding of fasted animals led to a rise in IGF-I mRNA which preceded rises in serum and hepatic IGF-I, our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that nutritional regulation of circulating IGF-I involves modulation at the level of hepatic IGF-I mRNA. The changes in the ratio of hepatic to serum IGF-I during fasting and refeeding indicate that there may also be regulation at the level of hepatic release.

Glycophorin expression in murine erythroleukaemia cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
J.B. Ulmer ◽  
E.D. Dolci ◽  
G.E. Palade
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Normal Mouse ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Dimethyl Sulphoxide ◽  
Partial Characterization ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gels ◽  
Putative Precursor

We have identified mature and putative precursor forms of glycophorins expressed in a virus-transformed murine erythroleukaemia (MEL) cell line and compared them with their normal erythroblast counterparts. The following differences were found: (1) the two major MEL cell glycophorins (apparent Mr values 29–30 and 43(x10(3] have greater mobility on polyacrylamide gels than their normal gp-3 and gp-2 counterparts, due at least in part to differences in their oligosaccharide sidechains; (2) MEL cell gp-3 consists of two discrete proteins; and (3) there are more potential glycophorin precursors in MEL cells than in normal mouse erythroblasts. Four proteins, with apparent Mr values of 21, 23, 26 and 27(x10(3], have tentatively been identified as glycophorin precursors, based on the following findings: (1) they are immunologically related to the glycophorins; and (2) their synthesis was induced by dimethyl sulphoxide coincidentally with that of gp-3 and gp-2. They do not appear to be glycoproteins, as evidenced by their lack of incorporation of [3H]galactose, [3H]glucosamine or [3H]mannose. In contrast, gp-3 and gp-2 incorporated [3H]galactose and [3H]glucosamine but not [3H]mannose. Partial characterization of the glycan moieties of MEL cell glycophorins indicates that they consist mostly of tri- and tetrasaccharides, with no indication of any N-linked chains. Hence, the glycans of MEL cell glycophorins are mostly (if not all) O-linked. Furthermore, treatment with N-glycanase did not change their electrophoretic mobility on polyacrylamide gels. MEL cell glycophorins were also shown to be modified by phosphoryl and fatty acyl groups.

scholarly journals A piperic acid CoA ligase produces a putative precursor of piperine, the pungent principle from black pepper fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-581
Author(s):  
Arianne Schnabel ◽  
Fernando Cotinguiba ◽  
Benedikt Athmer ◽  
Changqing Yang ◽  
Bernhard Westermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Pepper ◽  
Coa Ligase ◽  
Putative Precursor

scholarly journals Nuclear RNA sequences coding for alpha and beta globins in erythroid cells: evidence for multiple intermediate molecules

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
MG Farace ◽  
E Ullu ◽  
A Fantoni ◽  
GB Rossi ◽  
L Cioe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Beta Globin ◽  
Globin Mrna ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Friend Leukemia ◽  
Nuclear Rna ◽  
Putative Precursor

Abstract The poly (A)-containing nuclear RNA from dimethylsulfoxide-induced Friend leukemia cells was fractionated by acrylamide gel electrophoresis in denaturing conditions and analyzed for alpha and beta globin RNA sequences. The results indicate that nuclear RNA contains one species of large-size RNA (0.6 X 10(6) daltons), which is the putative precursor for beta globin mRNA only. In addition, it was shown by electrophoretic analysis that the complex of RNA molecules not resolved by sucrose gradient centrifugation (11S) comprises sequences of decreasing size (0.34, 0.28, and 0.26 X 10(6) daltons), which might be the precursors of alpha and beta globin mRNA.

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