scholarly journals Biological Implications in Cassava for the Production of Amylose-Free Starch: Impact on Root Yield and Related Traits

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Karlström ◽  
Fernando Calle ◽  
Sandra Salazar ◽  
Nelson Morante ◽  
Dominique Dufour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Yield ◽  
Amylose Free

EVALUATION OF IMPROVED CASSAVA GENOTYPES FOR STORAGE ROOT YIELD AND POST HARVEST TRAITS IN THE NJALA SOIL SERIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lansana Kamara ◽  
Fayia Kassoh ◽  
Ernest Kamara ◽  
Festus Masssaquoi ◽  
Keiwoma Yila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Root ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Post Harvest

scholarly journals Early Sowing Combined with Adequate Potassium and Sulfur Fertilization: Promoting Beta vulgaris (L.) Yield, Yield Quality, and K- and S-Use Efficiency in a Dry Saline Environment

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 806
Author(s):  
Ali A. A. Mekdad ◽  
Mostafa M. Rady ◽  
Esmat F. Ali ◽  
Fahmy A. S. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Positive Direct

Field trials for two seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020) were conducted to investigate the influence of the addition of three levels of potassium (K) (K1 = 60, K2 = 120, and K3 = 180 kg K2O ha−1) and/or sulfur (S) (S1 = 175, S2 = 350, and S3 = 525 kg CaSO4 ha−1) to the soil, as well as the sowing date (the 1st of September, D1; or the 1st of October, D2) on the potential improvement of physiology, growth, and yield, as well as the quality characteristics of sugar beet yield under soil salinity conditions. With three replicates specified for each treatment, each trial was planned according to a split-split plot in a randomized complete block design. The results revealed that early sowing (D1) led to significant improvements in all traits of plant physiology and growth, in addition to root, top, and biological yields and their quality, gross and pure sugar, and K- and S-use efficiencies based on root yield (R-KUE and R-SUE). The K3 level (180 kg K2O ha−1) positively affected the traits of plant physiology, growth, yield and quality, and R-SUE, and reduced the attributes of impurities, impurity index, and R-KUE. Additionally, the S3 level (525 kg CaSO4 ha−1) affirmatively affected plant physiology, growth, yield and quality traits, and R-KUE, and decreased impurity traits, impurity index, and R-SUE. The interaction of D1 × K3 × S3 maximized the yield of roots (104–105 ton ha−1) and pure sugar (21–22 ton ha−1). Path coefficient analysis showed that root yield and pure sugar content had positive direct effects with 0.62 and 0.65, and 0.38 and 0.38 in both studied seasons, respectively, on pure sugar yield. Significant (p ≤ 0.01) positive correlations were found between pure sugar yield and root yield (r = 0.966 ** and 0.958 **). The study results recommend the use of the integrative D1 × K3 × S3 treatment for sugar beet to obtain maximum yields and qualities under salt stress (e.g., 8.96 dS m−1) in dry environments.

scholarly journals Potassium Fertilization Stimulates Sucrose-to-Starch Conversion and Root Formation in Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4826
Author(s):  
Yang Gao ◽  
Zhonghou Tang ◽  
Houqiang Xia ◽  
Minfei Sheng ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Starch Conversion ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Low K

A field experiment was established to study sweet potato growth, starch dynamic accumulation, key enzymes and gene transcription in the sucrose-to-starch conversion and their relationships under six K2O rates using Ningzishu 1 (sensitive to low-K) and Xushu 32 (tolerant to low-K). The results indicated that K application significantly improved the biomass accumulation of plant and storage root, although treatments at high levels of K, i.e., 300–375 kg K2O ha−1, significantly decreased plant biomass and storage root yield. Compared with the no-K treatment, K application enhanced the biomass accumulation of plant and storage root by 3–47% and 13–45%, respectively, through promoting the biomass accumulation rate. Additionally, K application also enhanced the photosynthetic capacity of sweet potato. In this study, low stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) accompanied with decreased intercellular CO2 concentration were observed in the no-K treatment at 35 DAT, indicating that Pn was reduced mainly due to stomatal limitation; at 55 DAT, reduced Pn in the no-K treatment was caused by non-stomatal factors. Compared with the no-K treatment, the content of sucrose, amylose and amylopectin decreased by 9–34%, 9–23% and 6–19%, respectively, but starch accumulation increased by 11–21% under K supply. The activities of sucrose synthetase (SuSy), adenosine-diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), starch synthase (SSS) and the transcription of Susy, AGP, SSS34 and SSS67 were enhanced by K application and had positive relationships with starch accumulation. Therefore, K application promoted starch accumulation and storage root yield through regulating the activities and genes transcription of SuSy, AGPase and SSS in the sucrose-to-starch conversion.

scholarly journals Effect of Azotobacter chroococcum on sugar beet and microbial activity of rhizosphere

2010 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Janja Kuzevski ◽  
Nada Milosevic ◽  
Sasa Krstanovic ◽  
Zora Jelicic
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrogen ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Soil Dehydrogenase Activity

In sugar beet production, one of the most important factors that affect the yield, apart from genetic properties, is the use of mineral fertilizers. Considerate amounts of mineral fertilizers are used in sugar beet production. However, if agroecological conditions are not optimum, mineral fertilizers cannot be completely absorbed, which may lead to soil contamination. Therefore, research has been focusing on ways of using atmospheric nitrogen by means of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Numerous researches have proved that one part of mineral fertilizers can be replaced by biological nitrogen. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of genotype, azotobacter and the amount of mineral fertilizers on the root yield of sugar beet and on the microbiological activity of the sugar beet rhizospheric soil. Three hybrids of sugar beet were used during the two years of the research. The seed of the hybrids was inoculated with three strains of azotobacter. Various amounts of NPK were used (0;30;60;90 kg/ha). At the end of the vegetation period, the following were determined: root yield, total number of bacteria, number of azotobacter, oligotrophic bacteria, ammonifiers, fungi, and actinomycetes in soil. Dehydrogenase activity was measured. The results were processed statistically (analysis of variance for factorial trials) and the effect of the factors was determined upon the expected mean square values. The yield was mainly affected by the amount of mineral fertilizers. However, the effect of mineral fertilizers was different with different inoculation treatments. The effect of the examined factors was dependant upon genotype, amount of mineral fertilizers, inoculation and the year of trials. The interaction between genotype, mineral fertilizers, inoculation and the year of trials was the factor that had the greatest effect on the number of almost all the examined soil microorganisms.

scholarly journals Evaluation of improved cassava genotypes for yield and related traits for a better breeding strategy under different agroecologies in Nigeria

Euphytica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Adetoro ◽  
O. O. Oworu ◽  
A. L. Nassir ◽  
A. Bello ◽  
E. Parkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pasting Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Fresh Root

AbstractThis study aimed at determining shoot and root characteristics of cassava as affected by root yield and the influence of soil moisture on vegetative growth and yield. Thirty cassava genotypes were evaluated for morphological and physiological characterization in three locations in Nigeria: Ibadan, Mokwa and Zaria. Randomized complete block design was used with four replicates. Studies on the pasting properties of the genotypes were also carried out. Data were collected on plant height, stem girth, stay-green ability, garri and fresh root weight. Genotypes differed significantly (P < 0.05) across and within locations for shoot and root characteristics. Across locations, genotype 011663 had the highest plant height (132.4 cm); 30572 had the largest stem girth (8.6 cm); and 010040 was the best stay-green (2.2). Genotype 011086 had the highest number of roots per plot (95.7), 950289 had the highest fresh root yield (24.3 t/ha), and 990554 had the highest percentage of dry matter (35.2). Trends in root yields across locations were Ibadan (28.9 t/ha), Mokwa (20.3 t/ha), and Zaria (8 t/ha). Five genotypes IITA-TMS-IBA950289, 010034, 990554, 011807, and 980581 had negligible interactions with the environment and so have broad adaptation and are considered stable; and two clones 011807 and 950166 were found to be the best for pasting properties. Breeding strategies that consider root size, total root number, harvest index, dry matter, with applications for household foods and industrial uses, will be an effective and efficient way to select genotypes for high yield.

scholarly journals Storage Root Yield of Sweetpotato as Influenced by Sweetpotato leaf curl virus and Its Interaction With Sweetpotato feathery mottle virus and Sweetpotato chlorotic stunt virus in Kenya

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1477-1486
Author(s):  
Bramwel W. Wanjala ◽  
Elijah M. Ateka ◽  
Douglas W. Miano ◽  
Jan W. Low ◽  
Jan F. Kreuze
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

In this study, the effect of a Kenyan strain of Sweetpotato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) and its interactions with Sweetpotato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) and Sweetpotato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) on root yield was determined. Trials were performed during two seasons using varieties Kakamega and Ejumula and contrasting in their resistance to sweetpotato virus disease in a randomized complete block design with 16 treatments replicated three times. The treatments included plants graft inoculated with SPLCV, SPFMV, and SPCSV alone and in possible dual or triple combinations. Yield and yield-related parameters were evaluated at harvest. The results showed marked differences in the effect of SPLCV infection on the two varieties. Ejumula, which is highly susceptible to SPFMV and SPCSV, suffered no significant yield loss from SPLCV infection, whereas Kakamega, which is moderately resistant to SPFMV and SPCSV, suffered an average of 47% yield loss from SPLCV, despite only mild symptoms occurring in both varieties. These results highlight the variability in yield response to SPLCV between sweetpotato cultivars as well as a lack of correlation of SPLCV-related symptoms with yield reduction. In addition, they underline the lack of correlation between resistance to the RNA viruses SPCSV and SPFMV and the DNA virus SPLCV. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .

scholarly journals Nitrogen Application and Leaf Harvesting Improves Yield and Nutritional Quality of Beetroot

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salfina S. Mampa ◽  
Martin M. Maboko ◽  
Puffy Soundy ◽  
Dharini Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
N Application ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Leaf Harvest

Beetroot (Beta vulgaris), commonly known as table beet, is used as a staple in the diet of many people through the consumption of the entire plant, leaf, and the root. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of nitrogen (N) application and leaf harvest percentage on the yield and quality of roots and leaves of beetroot. The treatment design was a randomized complete block design with five levels of N (0, 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg·ha−1) combined with three leaf harvest percentages (0, 30, and 50) and replicated three times. The first leaf harvest was initiated 35 days after transplanting (DAT) by removing the outer matured leaves and the second harvest occurred 80 DAT by removing all the leaves. The results showed increases in leaf and root yield with an increase in N application. Nitrogen application at 90 and 120 kg·ha−1 increased fresh leaf weight, leaf number, and fresh and dry root weight, including root diameter and length with the exception of leaf area which was significantly higher at 120 kg·ha−1 N. Magnesium and iron leaf content, and N root content were significantly improved by the application of 120 kg·ha−1 N. Leaf harvest percentage did not have a significant effect on leaf yield or leaf and root mineral content. However, dry root weight was significantly reduced by the 50% leaf harvest. Leaf harvest at 30% or 50% increased total protein content of the roots of beetroot, whereas an increase in N application decreased concentration of total proteins. Results demonstrate that leaf and root yield, as well as magnesium, zinc, and iron leaf content, increased with the application of 120 kg·ha−1 N, whereas 30% leaf harvest did not negatively affect root yield.

scholarly journals Modeling the impact of sweetpotato weevils on storage root yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-325
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Akansake ◽  
Putri E. Abidin ◽  
E. E. Carey
Keyword(s):  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Attainable Yield ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Model Approach

Abstract This study estimated the amount of loss in storage roots caused by various levels of damage caused by sweetpotato weevils (Cylas spp). Seven varieties of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam)) were evaluated in three production sites in northern Ghana for two years (2014 and 2015). Yield data for each experimental plot were collected. A regression analysis was carried out using the generalized linear model approach. In the study, nonmarketable roots were classified as all undersized roots (<100g) and spoilt roots due to weevil, millipede, and soft rot. The results indicated weevil damage as the only significant predictor of nonmarketable yield at 5% level of significance. From the study, the average values for total root yield, marketable root yield, and nonmarketable root yield were 9.39, 6.71, and 2.67 ton/ha respectively. The minimum weevil damage (score 2) resulted in a yield loss of 2 ton/ha which represents 8.3% while severe damage at score 9 could cause a loss of 7.43 ton/ha of storage roots representing 31% of the attainable yield of sweetpotato. Weevil susceptibility needs to be treated as a serious trait when evaluating sweetpotato genotypes to be released as varieties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document