scholarly journals Clarification on Host Range of Didymella pinodes the Causal Agent of Pea Ascochyta Blight

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Barilli ◽  
Maria José Cobos ◽  
Diego Rubiales
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Didymella Pinodes

Host range investigation of Phoma koolunga, a causal agent of ascochyta blight of field pea

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 707-719
Author(s):  
E. C. Keirnan ◽  
J. A. Davidson ◽  
R. L. Correll ◽  
E. S. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Phoma Koolunga

Pinolide, a New Nonenolide Produced by Didymella pinodes, the Causal Agent of Ascochyta Blight on Pisum sativum

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (21) ◽  
pp. 5273-5278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Cimmino ◽  
Anna Andolfi ◽  
Sara Fondevilla ◽  
Mohamed A. Abouzeid ◽  
Diego Rubiales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Didymella Pinodes

scholarly journals Tracing the Origin and Evolutionary History of Pyricularia oryzae Infecting Maize and Barnyard Grass

2020 ◽  
pp. PHYTO-09-20-042
Author(s):  
Adel Pordel ◽  
Sebastien Ravel ◽  
Florian Charriat ◽  
Pierre Gladieux ◽  
Sandrine Cros-Arteil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Host Range Expansion ◽  
Recent Emergence

Blast disease is a notorious fungal disease leading to dramatic yield losses on major food crops such as rice and wheat. The causal agent, Pyricularia oryzae, encompasses different lineages, each having a different host range. Host shifts are suspected to have occurred in this species from Setaria spp. to rice and from Lolium spp. to wheat. The emergence of blast disease on maize in Iran was observed for the first time in the north of the country in 2012. We later identified blast disease in two additional regions of Iran: Gilan in 2013 and Golestan in 2016. Epidemics on the weed barnyard grass (Echinochloa spp.) were also observed in the same maize fields. Here, we showed that P. oryzae is the causal agent of this disease on both hosts. Pathogenicity assays in the greenhouse revealed that strains from maize can infect barnyard grass and conversely. However, genotyping with simple sequence repeat markers and comparative genomics showed that strains causing field epidemics on maize and on barnyard grass are different, although they belong to the same previously undescribed clade of P. oryzae. Phylogenetic analyses including these strains and a maize strain collected in Gabon in 1985 revealed two independent host-range expansion events from barnyard grass to maize. Comparative genomics between maize and barnyard grass strains revealed the presence or absence of five candidate genes associated with host specificity on maize, with the deletion of a small genomic region possibly responsible for adaptation to maize. This recent emergence of P. oryzae on maize provides a case study to understand host range expansion. Epidemics on maize raise concerns about potential yield losses on this crop in Iran and potential geographic expansion of the disease.

scholarly journals Aggressiveness Changes in Populations of Didymella pinodes over Winter and Spring Pea Cropping Seasons

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (14) ◽  
pp. 4330-4339 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Laloi ◽  
J. Montarry ◽  
M. Guibert ◽  
D. Andrivon ◽  
D. Michot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Single Population ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Didymella Pinodes ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Cropping Seasons

ABSTRACTAscochyta blight, caused by the necrotrophic ascomyceteDidymella pinodes, is responsible for severe losses in winter and spring pea crops. Despite different climatic conditions, epidemics on winter and spring crops are due to a single population ofD. pinodes, suggesting gene flow either between the two crops or from reservoir sources during the cropping season. This should lead to similar pathogenicity characteristics in isolates sampled from the two crops. However, these hypotheses have never been formally tested. We therefore sampled a total of 520D. pinodesstrains throughout a growing season from winter and spring pea plots (WP and SP, respectively) and from winter and spring trap plants (TWP and TSP). Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers revealed high genetic diversity within subpopulations, whereas pathogenicity tests showed that mean aggressiveness increases over the course of an epidemic. These results support the idea that alloinoculum contributes to the carryover of epidemics between winter and spring crops and that the most aggressive isolates are selected as an epidemic progresses.IMPORTANCEAscochyta blight, caused byDidymella pinodes, is responsible for severe losses in pea crops. While previous studies have shown that ascochyta blight epidemics on winter and spring crops are due to a single population ofD. pinodes, suggesting that isolates from the two crops present similar pathogenicity characteristics, that hypothesis have never been tested. Genetic analysis of subpopulations sampled throughout a growing season from winter and spring pea plots revealed high genetic diversity within subpopulations, whereas pathogenicity tests showed that mean aggressiveness increases over the course of an epidemic.

Lentisone, a New Phytotoxic Anthraquinone Produced by Ascochyta lentis, the Causal Agent of Ascochyta Blight in Lens culinaris

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (30) ◽  
pp. 7301-7308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Andolfi ◽  
Alessio Cimmino ◽  
Angel M. Villegas-Fernández ◽  
Angela Tuzi ◽  
Antonello Santini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Ascochyta Lentis

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of Xanthomonas translucens from Annual Bluegrass on Golf Course Putting Greens

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Mitkowski ◽  
M. Browning ◽  
C. Basu ◽  
K. Jordan ◽  
N. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Significant Similarity ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Xanthomonas Translucens

Bacterial wilt of Poa annua has been seen increasingly in the Northeast and mid-Atlantic United States in the past few years. The disease causes severe injury to putting greens and can kill large stands of turfgrass. For some time, however, both the bacterial origin of the disease and the causal agent were in doubt. In order to investigate the identity of the causal agent, isolation of the pathogen was undertaken and pathogenicity was confirmed using Koch's postulates on P. annua. Additional pathogenicity trials then were undertaken to determine the host range of the causal bacterium. Ability of the bacterium to cause disease was restricted to P. annua var. annua and P. attenuata. However, the bacterium was able to survive asymptomatically in vascular systems of P. annua var. reptans and P. trivialis. Experiments to determine the optimal growth temperature of the organism demonstrated that the bacterial growth peaked between 30 and 35°C. Fatty acid analysis suggested that the bacterium might be a species of Xanthomonas but was inconclusive. Ribosomal RNA analysis demonstrated significant similarity to the American Type Culture Collection isolate of Xanthomonas translucens pv. poae at 99.8%. Comparison of the host range to previously reported data agrees with our molecular findings and indicates that the likely casual organism of bacterial wilt of annual bluegrass is X. translucens pv. poae.

Host range of Peronospora belbahrii, causal agent of basil downy mildew, in Israel

2019 ◽  
Vol 155 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yariv Ben Naim ◽  
Lidan Falach-Block ◽  
Bat-Hen Ben-Daniel ◽  
Yigal Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Causal Agent
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