scholarly journals Seasonal Patterns of Fine Root Production and Turnover in a Mature Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.) Stand- Differentiation with Soil Depth and Implications for Soil Carbon Stocks

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Maeght ◽  
Santimaitree Gonkhamdee ◽  
Corentin Clément ◽  
Supat Isarangkool Na Ayutthaya ◽  
Alexia Stokes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks

Fine root production and litter input: Its effects on soil carbon

2005 ◽  
Vol 272 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Guo ◽  
M. J. Halliday ◽  
S. J. M. Siakimotu ◽  
R. M. Gifford
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
Litter Input

Analysis of some sources of error in methods used to determine fine root production in forest ecosystems: a simulation approach

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 909-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Kurz ◽  
J. P. Kimmins
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Sampling Interval ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
True Value

Fine root production rates are most commonly calculated from periodic measurements of live and dead fine root biomass. The accuracy of production estimates based on this method is very sensitive to violations of the inherent assumptions, particularly the assumption that the processes of fine root production and mortality are temporally separate. A simple model was used to simulate data for a variety of seasonal patterns of live and dead fine root biomass. Fine root production and mortality rates were calculated from these simulated data using two different computational methods. Comparison of the calculated rates with the known rates (the rates used to generate the seasonal patterns) revealed that violations of the above assumptions can result in inaccurate rate estimates. When fine root production and mortality occur simultaneously within a sampling interval, the calculated production rate will greatly underestimate the true value. Additional error in the rate estimates may result from sampling error associated with the fine root biomass data. The model suggested that sampling error can cause either overestimation or underestimation of fine root production.

scholarly journals TROPICAL SOIL CARBON STOCKS IN RELATION TO FALLOW AGE AND SOIL DEPTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 05-09
Author(s):  
Ahukaemere CM ◽  
Okoli NH ◽  
Aririguzo BN ◽  
Onwudike SU
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Tropical Soil ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Fallow Age

scholarly journals Seasonal patterns of fine root dynamics and their contribution to net primary production in hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) and konara oak (Quercus serrata) forests

Trees ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Young An ◽  
Akira Osawa
Keyword(s):  
Fine Root ◽  
Chamaecyparis Obtusa ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
Root Dynamics ◽  
Fine Root Dynamics ◽  
Hinoki Cypress ◽  
Core Method ◽  
Konara Oak

Abstract Key message Fine root and litterfall are major contributor of NPP and fine root production may reflect forest productivity in a warm-temperate forest in Japan. Abstract Forest ecosystems play an important role as the major carbon sink on land, with fine root dynamics and litterfall representing major carbon fluxes. The objectives of this research were to estimate NPP including annual fine root production values, to investigate fine root dynamics and the relationships between above– and belowground organs in konara oak (Quercus serrata) and hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) forests. Litterfall was collected seasonally for 1 year from June 2013. The ingrowth core method and the sequential soil core method were applied with a root litterbag experiment to estimate fine root (< 2 mm) production (FRP), mortality (FRM), and decomposition (FRD) for 1 year (from 2013 to 2014), using the continuous inflow estimate method and the simplified decision matrix. The total NPP ranged from 8.2 to 13.9 (t ha− 1 yr− 1), and the sum of aboveground litterfall and FRP accounted for 60% of the total NPP on average, confirming the significance of above- and belowground litter for the forest NPP as a source of detritus for the decomposer system. In hinoki cypress stand, fine root biomass peaked in the end of winter while fine root necromass showed the highest peak in late summer. In konara oak stand, only very fine root (< 0.05 mm) biomass and necromass demonstrated significant seasonal patterns. The seasonal patterns of fine root production did not differ between forest types and root diameter classes. We found a possible relationship between above- and belowground production and fine root production tended to be high in productive forests. This study improves our understanding of different patterns of carbon dynamics between temperate broadleaved and coniferous forest ecosystems.

Fine root production along a 40-year chronosequence of restored mangroves in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Arnaud ◽  
Paul J. Morris ◽  
Andy J. Baird ◽  
Thuong Huyen Dang ◽  
Tai Tue Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Vertical Gradient ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
Belowground Carbon ◽  
Belowground Carbon Dynamics

&lt;p&gt;Mangroves are hotspots of carbon sequestration, providing ecosystem services worth US$194 000 per hectare per year. In response to widespread mangrove losses, reforestation projects have been promoted. Monitoring and assessment of those projects have mainly focused on aboveground carbon stocks, but most of the carbon is found underground (as soil carbon and roots) and little is known about belowground carbon dynamics in mangroves. In particular, it is unknown how fine root production develops during the period following reforestation. A better understanding of fine root production is important, since fine root production is a major driver of soil organic matter accumulation, which allows mangroves to occupy vertical accommodation space to withstand sea-level rise. Using minirhizotrons, we characterised the variation of fine root production along a chronosequence of mangroves in the Mekong Delta in Vietnam replanted in 1978, 1986 and 1991. We found that fine root production declines with: i) mangrove age, as a result of the self-thinning processes associated with mangrove ageing; and ii) soil depth, likely due to a vertical gradient in soil nutrient availability. Our findings have important implications for understanding belowground carbon dynamics, and highlight the need to account for mangrove age when forecasting mangrove carbon dynamics and resistance to sea-level rise.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Soil Carbon Stocks Decrease following Conversion of Secondary Forests to Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) Plantations

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e69357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen de Blécourt ◽  
Rainer Brumme ◽  
Jianchu Xu ◽  
Marife D. Corre ◽  
Edzo Veldkamp
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks

scholarly journals Changes in soil carbon stocks in Brazil due to land use: paired site comparisons and a regional pasture soil survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 5499-5533 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Assad ◽  
H. S. Pinto ◽  
S. C. Martins ◽  
J. D. Groppo ◽  
P. R. Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Carbon Losses

Abstract. In this paper we calculated soil carbon stocks in Brazil using 17 paired sites where soil stocks were determined in native vegetation, pastures and crop-livestock systems (CPS), and in other regional samplings encompassing more than 100 pasture soils, from 6.58° S to 31.53° S, involving three major Brazilian biomes: Cerrado, Atlantic Forest, and the Pampa. The average native vegetation soil carbon stocks at 10 and 30 cm soil depth were equal to approximately 33 and 65 Mg ha−1, respectively. In the paired sites, carbon losses of 7.5 Mg ha−1 and 11.9 Mg ha−1 in CPS systems were observed at 10 cm and 30 cm soil depth averages, respectively. In pasture soils, carbon losses were similar and equal to 8.3 Mg ha−1 and 12.2 Mg ha−1 at 10 cm and 30 cm soil depths, respectively. The average soil δ13C under native vegetation at 10 and 30 cm depth were equal to −25.4‰ and −24.0‰, increasing to −19.6 ‰ and −17.7‰ in CPS, and to −18.9‰, and −18.3‰ in pasture soils, respectively; indicating an increasing contribution of C4 carbon in these agrosystems. In the regional survey of pasture soils, the soil carbon stock at 30 cm was equal to approximately 51 Mg ha−1, with an average δ13C value of −19.6‰. Key controllers of soil carbon stock at pasture sites were sand content and mean annual temperature. Collectively, both could explain approximately half of the variance of soil carbon stocks. When pasture soil carbon stocks were compared with the average soil carbon stocks of native vegetation estimated for Brazilian biomes and soil types by Bernoux et al. (2002) there was a carbon gain of 6.7 Mg ha−1, which is equivalent to a carbon gain of 15% compared to the carbon soil stock of the native vegetation. The findings of this study are consistent with differences found between regional comparisons like our pasture sites and local paired study sites in estimating soil carbon stocks changes due to land use changes.

scholarly journals Dwarfing Effect of Apple Rootstocks Is Intimately Associated with Low Number of Fine Roots

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haishan An ◽  
Feixiong Luo ◽  
Ting Wu ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Xuefeng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
The Impact

Fine root (≤2 mm in diameter) systems play a pivotal role in water and mineral uptake in higher plants. However, the impact of fine root architecture on tree growth and development is not fully understood, especially in apple trees. Here, we summarize a 6-year-trial study using minirhizotrons to investigate the relationships between fine root production, mortality, and longevity in ‘Red Fuji’ trees grafted on five different rootstocks/interstems. Based on root length density (RLD), fine root production and mortality were markedly lower in ‘Red Fuji’ trees growing on dwarfing M.9 (M.9) and Shao series no. 40 (SH.40) rootstocks than in trees on standard Malus robusta ‘Baleng Crab’ (BC) rootstock. The use of M.9 and SH.40 as interstems led to an extensive reduction in fine root production and mortality in comparison with BC rootstock. Root number density (RND), but not average root length (ARL), showed similar patterns to RLD. About one-half of fine roots in ‘Red Fuji’ tree growing on M.9 were scattered within the top 0–20 cm of topsoil, indicating shallow root system in M.9, whereas in trees on BC, 55.15% of fine roots were distributed between 100- and 150-cm soil depth, indicating a deep root architecture. The addition of interstems did not alter fine root soil-depth distribution. For all rootstocks/interstems, fine roots with a life span of less than 80 days were generated in spring and summer, but fine roots which lived for more than 81 days were produced almost all the year round. In conclusion, lower fine root numbers were associated with the dwarfing effect in dwarfing rootstocks/interstems, but ARL and shallower rooting were not.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document