scholarly journals Plastid-cytosol partitioning and integration of metabolic pathways for APS/PAPS biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Bohrer ◽  
Stanislav Kopriva ◽  
Hideki Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Metabolic Pathways

scholarly journals New Insights on Arabidopsis thaliana Root Adaption to Ammonium Nutrition by the Use of a Quantitative Proteomic Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Coleto ◽  
Izargi Vega-Mas ◽  
Gaetan Glauser ◽  
María González-Moro ◽  
Daniel Marino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Ph Homeostasis ◽  
Proteomic Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ammonium Nutrition

Nitrogen is an essential element for plant nutrition. Nitrate and ammonium are the two major inorganic nitrogen forms available for plant growth. Plant preference for one or the other form depends on the interplay between plant genetic background and environmental variables. Ammonium-based fertilization has been shown less environmentally harmful compared to nitrate fertilization, because of reducing, among others, nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide emissions. However, ammonium nutrition may become a stressful situation for a wide range of plant species when the ion is present at high concentrations. Although studied for long time, there is still an important lack of knowledge to explain plant tolerance or sensitivity towards ammonium nutrition. In this context, we performed a comparative proteomic study in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under exclusive ammonium or nitrate supply. We identified and quantified 68 proteins with differential abundance between both conditions. These proteins revealed new potential important players on root response to ammonium nutrition, such as H+-consuming metabolic pathways to regulate pH homeostasis and specific secondary metabolic pathways like brassinosteroid and glucosinolate biosynthetic pathways.

scholarly journals Metabolism of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in Arabidopsis thaliana: Exploration of metabolic pathways by deuterium labeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 114886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Cheng ◽  
Hongwen Sun ◽  
Harmanpreet S. Sidhu ◽  
Nathan Darlucio Sy ◽  
Jay Gan
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Deuterium Labeling ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

scholarly journals The cytosolic Arabidopsis thaliana cysteine desulfurase ABA3 delivers sulfur to the sulfurtransferase STR18

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Selles ◽  
Tiphaine Dhalleine ◽  
Mathilde Hériché ◽  
Nicolas Rouhier ◽  
Jérémy Couturier
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Chimeric Proteins ◽  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Cysteine Desulfurase ◽  
Bacterial Enzyme ◽  
Catalytic Cysteine ◽  
Sulfur Trafficking ◽  
Sulfur Containing

ABSTRACTThe biosynthesis of many sulfur-containing biomolecules depends on cysteine as a sulfur source. Cysteine desulfurase (CD) and rhodanese (Rhd) domain-containing protein families participate in the trafficking of sulfur for various metabolic pathways in bacteria and human. However, their connection is not yet described in plants even though the existence of natural chimeric proteins containing both CD and Rhd domains in specific bacterial genera suggests that the interaction between both proteins should be universal. We report here the biochemical relationships between two cytosolic proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana, a Rhd domain containing protein, the sulfurtransferase 18 (STR18), and a CD isoform, ABA3, and compare these biochemical features to those of a natural CD-Rhd fusion protein from the bacterium Pseudorhodoferax sp.. We found that the bacterial enzyme is bifunctional exhibiting both CD and STR activities using L-cysteine and thiosulfate as sulfur donors. In vitro activity assays and mass spectrometry analyses revealed that STR18 stimulates the CD activity of ABA3 by recovering the intermediate persulfide on its catalytic cysteine. The ability of STR18 to catalyze trans-persulfidation reactions from ABA3 to a reduced roGFP2 used as a model acceptor protein reveals that the ABA3-STR18 couple may represent an uncharacterized pathway of sulfur trafficking in the cytosol of plant cells, independent of ABA3 function in molybdenum cofactor maturation.

scholarly journals Multiple indole glucosinolates and myrosinases defend Arabidopsis against Tetranychus urticae herbivory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Widemann ◽  
Kristie Bruinsma ◽  
Brendan Walshe-Roussel ◽  
Repon Kumer Saha ◽  
David Letwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Generalist Herbivore ◽  
Defense Compounds ◽  
Indole Glucosinolates ◽  
Indole Glucosinolate ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

ABSTRACTArabidopsis defenses against herbivores are regulated by the jasmonate hormonal signaling pathway, which leads to the production of a plethora of defense compounds, including tryptophan-derived metabolites produced through CYP79B2/CYP79B3. Jasmonate signaling and CYP79B2/CYP79B3 limit Arabidopsis infestation by the generalist herbivore two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. However, the phytochemicals responsible for Arabidopsis protection against T. urticae are unknown. Here, using Arabidopsis mutants that disrupt metabolic pathways downstream of CYP79B2/CYP79B3, and synthetic indole glucosinolates, we identified phytochemicals involved in the defense against T. urticae. We show that Trp-derived metabolites depending on CYP71A12 and CYP71A13 are not affecting mite herbivory. Instead, the supplementation of cyp79b2 cyp79b3 mutant leaves with the 3-indolylmethyl glucosinolate and its derived metabolites demonstrated that the indole glucosinolate pathway is sufficient to assure CYP79B2/CYP79B3-mediated defenses against T. urticae. We demonstrate that three indole glucosinolates can limit T. urticae herbivory, but that they have to be processed by the myrosinases to hinder T. urticae oviposition. Finally, the supplementation of the mutant myc2 myc3 myc4 with indole glucosinolates indicated that the transcription factors MYC2/MYC3/MYC4 induce additional indole glucosinolate-independent defenses that control T. urticae herbivory. Together, these results reveal the complexity of Arabidopsis defenses against T. urticae that rely on multiple indole glucosinolates, specific myrosinases, and additional MYC2/MYC3/MYC4-dependent defenses.One sentence summaryThree indole glucosinolates and the myrosinases TGG1/TGG2 help protect Arabidopsis thaliana against the herbivory of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae.

scholarly journals Design, Implementation and Maintenance of a Model Organism Database forArabidopsis thaliana

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danforth Weems ◽  
Neil Miller ◽  
Margarita Garcia-Hernandez ◽  
Eva Huala ◽  
Seung Y. Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Information Resource ◽  
Model Organism Database ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Model Plant ◽  
Community Information

TheArabidopsisInformation Resource (TAIR) is a web-based community database for the model plantArabidopsis thaliana. It provides an integrated view of genes, sequences, proteins, germplasms, clones, metabolic pathways, gene expression, ecotypes, polymorphisms, publications, maps and community information. TAIR is developed and maintained by collaboration between software developers and biologists. Biologists provide specification and use cases for the system, acquire, analyse and curate data, interact with users and test the software. Software developers design, implement and test the database and software. In this review, we briefly describe how TAIR was built and is being maintained.

scholarly journals Intersection of the tocopherol and plastoquinol metabolic pathways at the plastoglobule

2009 ◽  
Vol 425 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Zbierzak ◽  
Marion Kanwischer ◽  
Christina Wille ◽  
Pierre-Alexandre Vidi ◽  
Patrick Giavalisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Protein Bodies ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Tocopherol Cyclase

Plastoglobules, lipid–protein bodies in the stroma of plant chloroplasts, are enriched in non-polar lipids, in particular prenyl quinols. In the present study we show that, in addition to the thylakoids, plastoglobules also contain a considerable proportion of the plastidial PQ-9 (plastoquinol-9), the redox component of photosystem II, and of the cyclized product of PQ-9, PC-8 (plastochromanol-8), a tocochromanol with a structure similar to γ-tocopherol and γ-tocotrienol, but with a C-40 prenyl side chain. PC-8 formation was abolished in the Arabidopsis thaliana tocopherol cyclase mutant vte1, but accumulated in VTE1-overexpressing plants, in agreement with a role of tocopherol cyclase (VTE1) in PC-8 synthesis. VTE1 overexpression resulted in the proliferation of the number of plastoglobules which occurred in the form of clusters in the transgenic lines. Simultaneous overexpression of VTE1 and of the methyltransferase VTE4 resulted in the accumulation of a compound tentatively identified as 5-methyl-PC-8, the methylated form of PC-8. The results of the present study suggest that the existence of a plastoglobular pool of PQ-9, along with the partial conversion of PQ-9 into PC-8, might represent a mechanism for the regulation of the antioxidant content in thylakoids and of the PQ-9 pool that is available for photosynthesis.

scholarly journals Photoperiod-dependent transcriptional modifications in key metabolic pathways in Coffea arabica

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doâa Djerrab ◽  
Benoît Bertrand ◽  
Jean-Christophe Breitler ◽  
Sophie Léran ◽  
Eveline Dechamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Perennial Species ◽  
Natural Photoperiod ◽  
Coffea Arabica L ◽  
Short Days

Abstract Photoperiod length induces in temperate plants major changes in growth rates, morphology and metabolism with, for example, modifications in the partitioning of photosynthates to avoid starvation at the end of long nights. However, this has never been studied for a tropical perennial species adapted to grow in a natural photoperiod close to 12 h/12 h all year long. We grew Coffea arabica L., an understorey perennial evergreen tropical species in its natural 12 h/12 h and in a short 8 h/16 h photoperiod, and we investigated its responses at the physiological, metabolic and transcriptomic levels. The expression pattern of rhythmic genes, including core clock genes, was affected by changes in photoperiod. Overall, we identified 2859 rhythmic genes, of which 89% were also rhythmic in Arabidopsis thaliana L. Under short-days, plant growth was reduced, and leaves were thinner with lower chlorophyll content. In addition, secondary metabolism was also affected with chlorogenic acid and epicatechin levels decreasing, and in agreement, the genes involved in lignin synthesis were overexpressed and those involved in the flavanol pathway were underexpressed. Our results show that the 8 h/16 h photoperiod induces drastic changes in morphology, metabolites and gene expression, and the responses for gene expression are similar to those observed in the temperate annual A. thaliana species. Short photoperiod induces drastic changes in gene expression, metabolites and leaf structure, some of these responses being similar to those observed in A. thaliana.

Altered levels of AOX1a expression result in changes in metabolic pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana plants acclimated to low dose rates of ultraviolet B radiation

Plant Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 110332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Garmash ◽  
Ilya O. Velegzhaninov ◽  
Ksenia V. Ermolina ◽  
Anna V. Rybak ◽  
Ruslan V. Malyshev
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation
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