scholarly journals The Female Menstrual Cycles Effect on Strength and Power Parameters in High-Level Female Team Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus S. Dasa ◽  
Morten Kristoffersen ◽  
Elisabeth Ersvær ◽  
Lars Peder Bovim ◽  
Lise Bjørkhaug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hormonal Fluctuations ◽  
High Level

PurposeThe female menstrual cycle (MC) is characterized by hormonal fluctuations throughout its different phases. However, research regarding its effect on athletic performance in high level athletes is sparse. The aim of this study was to (i) investigate the female MCs effect on strength and power performance in highly trained female team athletes throughout the MC and (ii) examine whether eumenorrheic participants with natural hormonal fluctuations displayed enhanced performance in the follicular phase (FP) versus the luteal phase (LP), compared to controls using hormonal contraceptives.Materials and MethodsA total of 29 athletes (Age 21.2 ± 3.3 years; weight 65.6 ± 8.7 kg; height 170.2 ± 8.0 cm; and fat free mass 52.7 ± 7.1) completed the study after a 6-week testing period (8 eumenorrheic participants and 21 hormonal contraceptive controls). Participants were recruited from the team sports soccer, handball and volleyball. Testing protocol consisted of maximal voluntary isometric grip strength, 20-m sprint, countermovement jump and pneumatic leg-press. Based on self-reported use of hormonal contraceptives, participants were divided into non-hormonal contraceptive group and hormonal contraceptive group, the latter working as a control group. Differences in performance between the FP and LP were investigated. MC phase was confirmed by serum hormonal levels through venous blood samples in the non-hormonal contraceptive group.ResultsThere were no statistically significant changes for the two different phases of the MC, in terms of physical performance for the whole group. Further, there was no significant difference between groups during the MC for any of the outcome variables, maximal voluntary isometric grip strength F(3.29) = 0.362; 20-m sprint F(3.24) = 0.710; countermovement jump F(3.26) = 2.361; and leg-press F(3.26) = 1.746.ConclusionIn high level female team athletes, no difference in performance was observed based on hormonal contraceptive status. This suggests that the MC does not alter acute strength and power performance on a group level in high level team athletes.

scholarly journals Is the use of contraceptives associated with periodontal diseases? A systematic review and meta-analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Micaele Maria Lopes Castro ◽  
Maria Karolina Martins Ferreira ◽  
Iasmin Encaua Essashika Prazeres ◽  
Paula Beatriz de Oliveira Nunes ◽  
Marcela Baraúna Magno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Previous studies indicated an impact of hormonal contraceptive use on oral health. This systematic review aimed to investigate the evidence supporting the impact of the use of hormonal contraceptives and periodontal diseases. Methods This study is based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and based on the PECO acrostic. Inclusion criteria comprised observational studies including women (P), which evaluated hormonal contraceptive users (E) and hormonal contraceptive non-users (C), to verify the association between this hormonal therapy and the periodontal diseases (O). Searches were performed on 5 databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS and grey literature (OpenGrey and Google Scholar). After the selection process, the included studies were evaluated qualitatively. Moreover, quantitative data were analyzed in two meta-analyses for clinical attachment loss (CAL) and probing depth (PD). Finally, the level of certainty was measured with the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) tool between periodontal clinical parameters. Results 18 articles were eligible for the qualitative synthesis and 7 of them were selected for quantitative analysis. Hence, 15 of the eligible articles reported an association between the use of hormonal contraceptives and severity of periodontal disease. However, 6 articles demonstrated high risk of bias and were excluded from quantitative synthesis. The meta-analysis showed a statistically significant difference for CAL (MD 0.24 [0.09, 0.40]; p = 0.002), but in PD (MD 0.05 [− 0.05, 0.15]; p = 0.33) such difference was not identified. A very low level of evidence was found between the clinical parameters. Conclusions The use of hormonal contraceptives may be associated to severity of periodontal diseases. However, the quantitative analysis points to an inconclusive outcome due to the high level of heterogeneity. The association is biologically plausible, however additional studies are warranted to better elucidate the clinical significance of this possible association.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Body Mass Index (BMI), Age of Menarche, Parity and Hormonal Contraception of Genu Osteoarthritis in Female Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Alisiya Alisiya ◽  
Sulistiawati Sulistiawati ◽  
Patricia Maria Kurniawati ◽  
RR Indrayuni Lukitra Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Age Of Menarche

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease related to joint cartilage and commonly occurs in the knee joint. The 2013 National Survey recorded the prevalence of joint diseases in East Java was 26.9%. OA affected more women than men due to the estrogen and caused disabilities in many women. This study aimed to find the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI), age of menarche, parity, and the use of hormonal contraceptives against OA in genu at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya. This was an analytic observational study with a case-control approach. Data collection was carried out through a short interview using a questionnaire. The sample size was calculated using a formula and found that the study required 42 patients with OA in the case group and 42 patients without OA in the control group. The case group was dominated by patients with 56-60 years old age (62.1%), BMI 23-24.9 kg/m2 (58.7%), menarche age 12-13 years (53.6%), multiparous (52.6%), having contraception pill usage history (62.3%) particularly using combination pills (60.5%) with a mean duration of use > 1 year (56.8%). There was a relationship between BMI and type of hormonal contraceptive used against genu OA in female patients at Universitas Airlangga Hospital Surabaya.

scholarly journals Association analysis between the polymorphisms of HSD17B5 and HSD17B6 and risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in Chinese population

2015 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Ju ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Juan Fei ◽  
Yufeng Qin ◽  
Qiuqin Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level

ObjectiveTo assess whether single nucleotide polymorphisms of HSD17B5 (AKR1C3) (rs1937845 and rs12529) and HSD17B6 (rs898611) are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in a Chinese population.DesignA case–control study was conducted to investigate the relation between HSD17B5 and HSD17B6 polymorphisms and PCOS.MethodsIn this study, 335 patients with PCOS and 354 controls were recruited. The genotypes of HSD17B5 (rs1937845 and rs12529) and HSD17B6 (rs898611) were detected by the TaqMan method.Results and conclusionsWe found that the genotypic frequencies of the rs1937845 polymorphism were different in subjects with PCOS compared with control, with the CT genotype being more commonly found in patients with PCOS than in controls (P=0.005). We observed a significantly 1.74-fold higher risk of CT genotype in the polymorphism rs1937845 in women with PCOS vs the control group (adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.74; 95% CI=1.19–2.54; P=0.005). A similar, significant 1.47-fold higher risk (adjusted OR, 1.47; 95% CI=1.07–2.03; P=0.018) was demonstrated for T allele of polymorphism rs1937845 associated with PCOS. In patients with PCOS, the rs12529 (G>C) and rs1937845 (C>T) polymorphisms were strongly associated with the high level of testosterone. The TT carriers of polymorphism rs1937845 had a significantly increased homeostatic model assessment-B% (HOMA-B%) (P=0.045) and that might be associated with the high risk of insulin resistance. However, no significant difference was found in genotype or allele distributions of the polymorphisms rs12529 of HSD17B5 and rs898611 of HSD17B6 between patients with PCOS and controls. Additionally, the two polymorphisms of HSD17B5 are associated with hyperandrogenemia in patients with PCOS. In conclusion, our findings showed a significant statistical association between HSD17B5 rs1937845 and PCOS risk in Chinese women. The CT genotype and T allele frequency are influenced significantly to a higher extent in patients with PCOS than controls. Further studies are needed to confirm the results and find out the exact molecular mechanism of the polymorphism on the risk of hyperandrogenemia and PCOS.

scholarly journals Wired to Exit: Exploring the Effects of Wayfinding Affordances in Underground Facilities Using Virtual Reality

2020 ◽  
pp. 104687812094456
Author(s):  
Panos Kostakos ◽  
Paula Alavesa ◽  
Mikko Korkiakoski ◽  
Mario Monteiro Marques ◽  
Victor Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
Physiological Outcomes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Level Effect

Background Wayfinding has been adopted in several intense evacuation and navigation simulations; however, the use of biometric measurements for characterizing physiological outcomes has been somewhat overlooked and applied only under limited laboratory conditions. Methods Twenty-four participants took part in a virtual reality (VR) experiment using a wayfinding installation with the Oculus Rift S head-mounted display (HMD). They were immersed in a simulation of a burning underground parking lot and tasked to navigate to the exit. The purpose of this research was to investigate the high-level effect of wayfinding assistive lights on behavioral, physiological, and psychological outcomes. Participants were split into two groups: the control group was exposed to a scene without assistive lights, and the experimental group was exposed to the same scene with assistive lights. Results Results indicate there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in traveled distance, pauses, turns, or game completion time. Curiously, differences between the two groups in heart rate (HR) outcomes were found to be statistically significant, with subjects in the control group displaying an increasing HR trend during simulation. Conclusions This finding, in accordance with previous studies that have shown the efficacy of landmarks and wayfinding affordances in reducing cognitive demands, suggests that assistive lights might contribute to improved brain wiring connectivity during the game. We discuss these findings in the context of a rich wayfinding affordances literature.

Comparison of Spoilage Rates in Ground Turkey and Ground Beef

1992 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 518-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. STERN ◽  
C. E. LYON ◽  
M. T. MUSGROVE ◽  
J. A. DICKENS ◽  
R. L. WILSON
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Origin Of Species ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Livestock Species ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
High Level

Spoilage rates of ground turkey and ground beef were compared. Clean muscle tissue of the two livestock species were ground in a hygienic manner, providing initial mesotrophic counts (72 h at 25°C) in the range of ca. 102–3 CFU/g. Moisture, fat, and protein contents for the ground products were similar. Each ground product was subjected to the following treatments: a) uninoculated control, b) inoculated with a low level of turkey flora, c) inoculated with a high level of turkey flora, d) inoculated with a low level of beef flora, and e) inoculated with a high level of beef flora. Three replicate analyses were performed on the products which were held at 5°C in air-permeable plastic bags. Five subsamples (20–25 g) were taken for each of the five analysis times over 10 d of storage. At completion of storage, bacterial counts varied from 103.5 to 109.2 CFU/g, with the turkey control group at the lower end of the range. Our findings indicate no significant difference between the spoilage rates of the two ground products, regardless of treatment or origin of species.

Intensified Conditioning for Children Undergoing BMT for First Bone Marrow Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 5169-5169
Author(s):  
John Moppett ◽  
Jerry Hancock ◽  
Christopher J.C. Knechtli ◽  
Anthony Oakhill ◽  
Nicholas J. Goulden
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childhood All ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
High Level ◽  
Risk Of Treatment

Abstract BMT remains the treatment of choice for early BM relapse of childhood ALL. We reasoned that further intensification of cytoreductive therapy pre-BMT may further improve survival amongst those with the highest risk of treatment failure, early BM relapse (BFM groups S3/4) and high level MRD pre-BMT. A cohort of 32 patients transplanted at a single institution (1996–1999) provided an historical control. 8 high risk patients transplanted 1999–2000 received additional fludarabine cytoreduction therapy at the time of transplant (FLA group). MRD analysis and time to relapse were used in a subsequent cohort of 22 patients (BMT 2000–2002) to allocate those at highest risk of treatment failure to receive a further cytoreductive block, FLX, pre-BMT. Method. All patients were conditioned with cyclophosphamide (60mg/m2 x2) and TBI (14.4 Gy). UD and haplo-BMT were T-cell depleted with Campth-1M in vitro and Campath-1G day -9 to -5 (Control and FLA group), and by Miltenyi CD34+ cell depletion (FLX group). GvHD prophylaxis - CSA + MTX for matched related, CSA for Campath treated grafts and none for Miltenyi grafts. The FLA group received fludarabine 25mg/m2 from d −12 to d −10. Patients with on treatment relapse (S4) or high level MRD pre-BMT (MRD++) in the FLX group received DaunoXome 100mg/m2, fludarabine 30mg/m2 x 5d and cytosine 2g/m2 x 5d 3 weeks prior to BMT. Patients and donors. Control group: 28 precursor-B ALL 4 T-ALL; donors - 7 matched related, 13 matched unrelated (MUD) and 12 mismatched unrelated (MMUD); 14 S2, 18 S3/4. FLA group: 5 presursor-B ALL and 3 T-ALL; donors - 2 SIB, 4 MUD, 1 MMUD and 2 haplo; all S4. FLX group: 21 precursor-B and 1 T-ALL; donors - 6 SIB, 7 MUD, 5 MMUD and 4 haplo;13 S2, 9 S4. 7 patients received FLX intensified conditioning (6 S4, 5 high level MRD ++). 3 high risk patients violated protocol and did not receive FLX (1 age <1yr on treatment relapse, 2 S2 MRD ++). Results. Considering those in the high-risk S3/4 group, there was no significant difference in OS between the 3 groups. Survival by study and risk group Study S2 S3/4 Overall Control 10/14 (71%) 3/18 (17%) 13/32 (41%) FLA 2/8 (25%) 2/8 (25%) FLX 11/13 (85%) 3/9 (33%) 14/22 (64%) No excess cardiac events were seen. The TRM is higher in the FLX group than in the control. Outcome data Study TRM Relapse Alive Total Control 3 16 13 32 S2 2 2 10 14 S3/4 1 14 3 18 FLA 3 3 6 12 S2 - - - - S3/4 3 3 3 9 FLX 6 2 14 22 S2 2 0 11 13 S3/4 4 2 3 9 Total 12 21 33 66 2 of 7 patients treated with FLX are in CCR, 2 relapsed and 3 died of TRM. The 3 high risk patients in the FLX study, but who did not receive FLX, are also in CCR. Survival in those in the S2 group (late BM relapse) has been good throughout the study period. Conclusion. In this study the addition of intensive pre-BMT conditioning has not improved survival amongst high risk (S3/4 or MRD ++ pre-BMT) relapses. The number of post-BMT relapses has fallen but this is not clearly related to the use of FLX. The use of more haploidentical donors, more immunosupressive BMT regimes and additional cytoreductive chemotherapy may have contributed to the increased TRM seen. Time and site of relapse remain the clearest predictor of outcome. Further novel strategies are required to improve survival for the S4 risk group. The good OS for children receiving BMT in the S2 group should be noted.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSIS OF HEALTHCARE COMPETENCE OF THE FUTURE TEACHER OF BIOLOGY

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Світлана Совгіра ◽  
Тамара Миронюк
Keyword(s):  
Value Orientations ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biology Teachers ◽  
Practical Activity ◽  
Health Competence ◽  
Formative Experiment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Experimental Group

The article reveals the course of diagnosis of health competence of a future biology teacher. The complexity and structure of the studied phenomenon were revealed under such criterions: motivational-value (motives, needs, value orientations), cognitive-informational (mastery of health-preserving knowledge and skills), practical-activity (health-preserving skills) criteria. Experimental work was carried out in two stages: ascertaining and forming. At the ascertaining stage the organization of  educational process of future biology teachers was comprehensively investigated. The initial low level of health competence of future biology teachers was determined, which showed no significant difference between the levels of health competence of future biology teachers according to motivational-value, cognitive-informational, practical-activity criteria. According to the results of the ascertaining stage of the research, a formative experiment was carried out, which proved the existence of a high level of health competence of future biology teachers on motivational-value, cognitive-informational, practical-activity criteria in experimental and average in control groups. It was found that the students of the experimental group showed higher levels of health competence. It is proved that in the experimental group of students there have been significant changes in the direction of increasing the level of health competence. The obtained data from the experimental group in comparison with the indicators from the control group indicate that the efficiency of using the whole set of proposed innovations is higher than using them separately, without further updating.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the chest’s size in female volleyball players of different constitutional types

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
L. A. Sarafyniuk ◽  
V. I. Pivtorak ◽  
V. O. Khavtur ◽  
L. Ia. Fedoniuk ◽  
O. P. Khapitska
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Constitutional Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
High Level ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Anterior Posterior

During qualified sport selection special attention should be paid to those features and abilities that have a great influence on the effectiveness, and those, that are mainly under the influence of genetic factor. Such morphogenetic markers of sports selection include, firstly, the constitutional features of athletes, in particular the shape of the chest. The purpose of work is to determine the differences between the anthropometric dimensions of the chest between female volleyball players of high level of athletic skill and non-sportsmen, who belonged to different constitutional types. On the base of the Scientific-Research Center of the Vinnytsya National Pirogov Memorial Medical University an anthropo-somatotypological investigation of 113 female volleyball players of high level athletic skill (from 16 to 20 years old) was done. The control group included 204 practically healthy young women, who were not engaged in sports of the corresponding age. Anthropometric research was performed according to the V. V. Bunak (1941) method, somatotypological study was based on the estimated modification of the Heath-Carter method (1990). In young women, who were not engaged in sports, more than in half of the cases were indicated constitutional types, which were characterized by good development of fatty body composition. Between female volleyball players were dominated individuals with mesomorphic somatotype (26.66%), ectomorphic somatotype (23.01%), ecto-mesomorphic somatotype (23.89%), and representatives of the intermediate somatotype (23.01%) were almost uniformly represented in the sample. The analysis of the results was carried out in the licensing program "Statistica 5.5" using nonparametric methods of estimating the parameters. We have found that the female volleyball players of the ectomorphic somatotype have the smallest anthropometric dimensions of the chest, as compared with athletes of other constitutional groups. In the mesomorphs female volleyball players all transverse and the most of overall sizes of the chest were the largest. Parameters of the athletes with the ecto-mesomorphic somatotype were slightly small to the size of the somatometric parameters of the mesomorphs, but they had the highest values of the anterior-posterior size of the chest. Female volleyball players with intermediate somatotype had larger values of the chest size than volleyball players with ectomorphic somatotype, although no significant difference was found when comparing them. It was found, that the most of the overall, transverse, and anterior-posterior dimensions of the chest in female volleyball players are statistically significantly higher than that of girls, who were not engaged in sports, and belonged to the same constitutional type as athletes. We have made a conclusion that belonging to one of the constitutional type does not provide similarity of morphometric parameters of the chest in persons with different levels of physical activity.

scholarly journals Forensic evaluation of persons with destructive behavior in the postwar Bosnia and Herzegovina

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Novakovic ◽  
Milanko Cabarkapa ◽  
Tanja Ille ◽  
Andrej Ilankovic
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Forensic Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
Destructive Behavior ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Discriminative Function ◽  
High Level

Background/Aim. Different persons show forensic differences related to aggressive behavior in criminal and violation acts. The aim of this study was to forensically analyze the influence of socio-dynamic conditions and stress in testing the forensic hypothesis of hetero-destruction, and analysis of persons with destructive behavior in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) in the period from 1996?2005. Methods. The experimental group consisted of 125 persons who had committed a crime according to the Criminal Law of B&H and, thus were under security measures or treatment. The control group consisted of 125 persons who had committed a violation. The following psychometric tests/questionnaires were used in the study: Eysenek Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Profile Index of Emotions (PIE). Results. There were a significant difference between the respondents? groups related to gender (p < 0.01), while broken family, migration, and family comorbidity showed insignificant differences. EPQ test showed statistically significant differences between the groups for all four variables, and Beck test found significant differences only for some ones. PIE test proved the relations of the basic emotions confirmed by discriminative function. Conclusion. High level of hetero-destruction in crime was proven in the study. Criminal acts and violations were committed by the persons without psychopathology, as well as by the persons with mental diseases, which rendered a forensic responsibility and analysis of such an influence on behavior.

scholarly journals Protection of Renal Function ByHyperbaric OxygenDuring Plasmodium berghei ANKA Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Prawesty Diah Utami ◽  
Herin Setianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
High Level

Background:Malaria cases have consistently increased and the number of deaths remains largely unchanged.Malaria associated renal injury has a high level of morbidity and mortality. High level of blood urea nitrogen / BUN and plasma creatinine is one of the major factors associated with mortality in humans infected with malaria, indicating that impairment of renal function. HBO is widely used as an adjunctive therapy for many diseases, it is known that HBO hasan action as antiplasmodium, antiinflammation and antioxidant effects. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of HBO on BUN and creatinine levels in rats infected with P. berghei ANKA. Methods:This research was conducted experimentally post-test only control group on six groups of rats. The samples used were 24 male Rattus norvegicus wistar strain that have been infected by Plasmodium bergheiANKA and divided into 6 groups. Group 1 was given combination artesunate and 1, 5 ATA HBO, grup 2 was given combination artesunate and 3, 0 ATA HBO, group 3 was given 1, 5 ATA HBO, group 4 was given 3, 0 ATA HBO, group 5 was given artesunate and group 6 was given aquadest. HBO therapy is carried out for 10 days and the observation of the levels of BUN and creatinine in mice after treatment on tenth day. Results:Descriptive analysis and statistical analysis (Kruskal wallis snd Mann whitney U posthoc) showed a significant difference (p < α = 0.05) on mean levels of BUN and creatinine group receiving combination of artesunate and HBO 3,0 ATA compared to other groups.Hyperbaric oxygen has the effect of reducing the levels of BUN and creatinine in rats infected by P.berghei ANKA.

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